用主成分分析法研究评价地下水质量——以邯郸市为例

运用主成分分析法(PCA)对邯郸市地下水主要污染指标年均值进行了探索性评价研究。分析结果表明,前5个主成分综合携带了全部信息的91.374%。通过对这5个新的综合指标进行分析,确定了地下水的主要污染物,同时根据其综合得分对地下水进行分级,分析了其变化趋势,为地下水资源的有效利用和保护提供了科学依据。     

选矿尾砂综合利用的探讨

对选矿尾砂采用再磨再选工艺回收尾矿砂中的金、银、铜、铁 ,再选尾砂采用全尾砂水淬渣膏体充填技术充填井下采场 ,实现微渣排放 ,再选产生的废水经净化处理后回用于选矿作业     

铁路建设对动物生态行为的影响与控制策略

从动物生境的破坏与污染两方面分析了铁路建设对动物生态行为的影响，并从铁路的路线选择、防噪减噪、设置动物通道、加强管理等方面论述了其控制对策。     

露天煤矿排土场地下水环境质量影响的灰色关联分析

阜新新邱露天煤矿排土场淋溶水对附近于家沟地区的地下水造成了严重的污染。为确定污染区域，对研究区内的17眼水井分别采样，进行了水质分析，采用灰色关联分析方法对每个监测点的水质进行了评价，确定出地下水环境质量等级，并将评价结果与模糊综合评价方法相比较。结果表明，两种方法的评价结果基本一致，但灰色关联分析方法的概念更清楚，计算更方便，可操作性强，易于推广应用。     

呼和浩特市地区城市地下水现状及评价

呼和浩特市主要以开采地下水来满足工农业生产及居民生活用水，本文就呼和浩特市地下水水位现状进行了分析，对地下水水质作出了综合评价。     

多目标决策-理想点法综合评价淮北市地下水环境质量

运用多目标决策-理想点法对淮北市地下水质量进行评价,结果表明淮北市地下水质量达到了Ⅱ类水质标准以上,能够达到当地地下水环境功能区划要求.评价结果与实际情况一致,评价方法较精确,具有一定科学性.     

渭河流域生态环境对野鸭数量分布的影响

环境是动物生存的基础，人类的活动对环境所造成的影响，直接导致动物种群数量的变动。通过渭河咸阳段气候、水质、水域面积、植物等环境因素的改变对野鸭数量分布影响的调查，表明环境的恶化导致了动物的生存受到威胁，数量减少，分布区域缩小。随着环境保护意识的增强，渭河流域的水土流失，水质污染、退耕还草等环境问题逐渐得到解决，动物的生活环境不断得到改善，其种群数量、分布范围随之增加。     

PROFILE: Hungry Water: Effects of Dams and Gravel Mining on River Channels

/ Rivers transport sediment from eroding uplands to depositional areas near sea level. If the continuity of sediment transport is interrupted by dams or removal of sediment from the channel by gravel mining, the flow may become sediment-starved (hungry water) and prone to erode the channel bed and banks, producing channel incision (downcutting), coarsening of bed material, and loss of spawning gravels for salmon and trout (as smaller gravels are transported without replacement from upstream). Gravel is artificially added to the River Rhine to prevent further incision and to many other rivers in attempts to restore spawning habitat. It is possible to pass incoming sediment through some small reservoirs, thereby maintaining the continuity of sediment transport through the system. Damming and mining have reduced sediment delivery from rivers to many coastal areas, leading to accelerated beach erosion. Sand and gravel are mined for construction aggregate from river channel and floodplains. In-channel mining commonly causes incision, which may propagate up- and downstream of the mine, undermining bridges, inducing channel instability, and lowering alluvial water tables. Floodplain gravel pits have the potential to become wildlife habitat upon reclamation, but may be captured by the active channel and thereby become instream pits. Management of sand and gravel in rivers must be done on a regional basis, restoring the continuity of sediment transport where possible and encouraging alternatives to river-derived aggregate sources.KEY WORDS: Dams; Aquatic habitat; Sediment transport; Erosion; Sedimentation; Gravel mining