SMA绞线-叠层橡胶复合支座结构的动力反应

为了改进现有普通叠层橡胶支座的隔震效果，利用形状记忆合金的超弹性，将SMA绞线加入叠层橡胶支座中，形成了SMA绞线-叠层橡胶复合支座。分析了SMA绞线-叠层橡胶复合支座的工作原理，建立了其力学分析模型，并进行了应用SMA绞线-叠层橡胶复合支座的结构动力反应分析，导出了加速度衰减比尺。与位移放大比凡的理论形式，并利用具体算例，研究了频率比和阻尼比对结构隔震效果的影响。结果表明，频率比越大，阻尼比越小，隔震效果越好。     

臭氧氧化-化学吸收净化橡胶恶臭废气的中试研究

以再生胶炼胶车间一生产线产生的恶臭废气为研究对象,通过中试试验考察了化学吸收、臭氧氧化及两者组合工艺对炼胶恶臭废气的净化效果,结果表明:恶臭废气经臭氧氧化预处理后,再经碱液吸收净化,其浓度低于国家排放标准;在臭氧(浓度为19×10-6)氧化时间为1～2 s、碱溶液(10%浓度)吸收时间为2～3 s的试验条件下,净化率达99%;净化系统装机功率小于2 kW/1 000 m3,运行成本小于3.7元/1 000 m3,表现出良好的工程应用前景。     

双台子河橡胶坝对支流绕阳河纳潮的影响

基于Mike11 HD和AD模块建立双台子河口区感潮河段水动力-水质耦合模型,利用实测资料对水动力、水质模型参数进行了率定和验证。利用所建模型,以夏灌期为例分析了在两种水文条件下橡胶坝对支流绕阳河纳潮的影响。结果表明,在两种水文情景下,建橡胶坝后纳潮量分别增加18.3%和16.9%,最大流量分别增加了32.7%和31.2%。盐度分析表明修建橡胶坝对绕阳河纳潮盐度变化影响不大,可满足苇田灌溉对盐度的要求。研究结果可为盘锦双台子河口苇田科学灌溉、促进增产提供技术支持。     

Explosibility and thermal decomposition behavior of nitrile rubber dust in industrial processes

The formation of nitrile rubber (NBR) dust clouds during processing can lead to a potential dust explosion under certain conditions. However, the potential explosion hazard posed by NBR dust is usually overlooked by enterprises. In this paper, the explosive properties of NBR dust are investigated using a Hartmann tube, a G-G furnace, and a 20 L explosion chamber. The results showed that NBR dust could cause explosions severe enough to be classified as St-1. In addition, the thermal decomposition behavior of NBR dust under combustion conditions was investigated using a combination of thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR). The results indicated that in the early stage, NBR dust mainly undergoes self-thermal decomposition to produce a large amount of combustible gas, which combines with oxygen to form a mixed gas and cause a gas-phase explosion. In addition, the participation of oxygen could lower the initial temperature of NBR dust thermal decomposition. As a result, decomposition occurred more quickly and a large amount of combustible gas was produced, thus expanding the range of dust explosions. Furthermore, these combustible gases exhibit varying degrees of toxicity, seriously affecting the life and health safety of relevant personnel. This work provides theoretical guidance for the development of safe procedures to prevent and address problems during NBR dust processing in enterprises.     

Rubber sheet strewn with TiO2 particles:Photocatalytic activity and recyclability

A new method for the preparation of rubber sheet strewn with titanium dioxide particles (TiO₂-strewn sheet) is presented. This simple and low cost method is based on the use of TiO₂ powder (Degussa P25) being strewn onto the sheet made from rubber latex (60% HA) through a steel sieve. The characteristic of the TiO₂-strewn sheet was studied by using scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM/EDS) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) techniques. The photocatalytic activity of TiO₂-strewn rubber sheet was evaluated using Indigo Carmine (IC) dye as a model for organic dye pollutant in water. The results showed that the TiO₂-strewn sheet could degrade IC dye solution under UV light irradiation. The effects of pH, initial concentration, and the intensity of UV light on the photodegradation were also investigated. Kinetics of the photocatalytic degradation was of the first-order reaction. The used TiO₂-strewn sheet can be recovered and reused. The recycling uses did not require any cleaning between successive uses and no decline in the photodegradation efficiency was observed compared with freshly prepared TiO₂-strewn sheet.     

Two-Step Cultivation Method for Microbial Disintegration of Tire Rubber Particles

A rubber-degrading strain of Nocardia was cultured on tread rubber particles from a truck tire by a two-step cultivation method. At the first step, the culture medium was either not agitated or stirred at very slow rate of 40 rpm for one or 2 weeks. At the second step, the culture medium was stirred at relatively higher stirring rate of 150 or 300 rpm for seven or six weeks. It was found that the rate of disintegration was greatly increased and the weight losses of the particles with diameters of about 2.3 mm were as high as 40% in the two-step method and only 20–30% in a one-step method in which the stirring rate was kept constant throughout the culture period. With this method, microbial colonization and disintegration were depressed particularly at the corners of the cubic particles and characteristic protuberant structures were observed at the corners after the removal of microbial cells by washing.     

浓度对橡胶粉尘爆炸特性的影响

为了解橡胶粉尘的爆炸危险性,采用20 L球爆炸测试装置对常温常压下、粒径75μm以下的橡胶粉尘在质量浓度50~700 g/m3范围内的爆炸特性进行试验研究,测定其最大爆炸压力及爆炸指数随质量浓度的变化规律,进而对其爆炸危险性程度进行分级。结果表明:橡胶粉尘质量浓度为300 g/m3时,爆炸压力达到最大值0.49MPa;在橡胶粉尘质量浓度为250 g/m3时,爆炸指数达到最大值5.04MPa·m/s,根据ISO 6184粉尘爆炸烈度等级分级标准,其粉尘爆炸危险性分级为St-1级。     

工程橡胶压缩实验和缓冲特性分析

目的研究天然橡胶、丁基橡胶和发泡橡胶等典型工程橡胶的压缩变形行为和缓冲特性。方法首先总结橡胶材料特性和工程案例,进行三类橡胶的准静态和动态压缩试验,获取材料的应力-应变关系和压缩特性。并以此为基础,给出橡胶缓冲特性表征方法,进而对比和定量分析不同橡胶的缓冲特性。结果压缩实验结果显示,不同橡胶材料的压缩变形行为基本一致。缓冲特性分析表明,在相同应变水平下,实心橡胶的缓冲吸能能力明显强于发泡橡胶,而在相同应力水平下,橡胶材料的缓冲吸能能力则与材料实际所处受力区域有关。因此,在工程中选取橡胶缓冲材料时,应当考虑其所处的应力环境。结论根据不同橡胶材料的缓冲规律给出其对应的冲击防护适用场景,以此形成判据,从而为橡胶防护结构材料的选择提供参考。     

一种橡胶密封圈的剩余贮存寿命评估方法

目的评估已随武器装备贮存一段时间后的旧橡胶密封圈的剩余贮存寿命。方法利用旧橡胶密封圈在加速老化试验中实际产生的压缩永久变形,外推其在贮存温下的老化动力学方程,进而以失效临界值为输入,计算橡胶密封圈的剩余贮存寿命。结果建立了面向旧橡胶密封圈的剩余贮存寿命评估方法。结论该方法适用于旧橡胶密封圈的剩余贮存寿命评估。     

再生胶工业废气的生物法净化研究

采用生物法废气净化技术净化治理橡胶再生低浓度有机废气 ,工业试验装置连续运行 10 0d的结果显示 ,其对再生胶废气中甲苯的净化效率可较长时间保持在 90 %左右 ,废气经处理后可以实现达标排放。废气处理成本约为工厂再生胶产值的 0 12 %～ 0 14% ,具有较好的技术先进性和经济合理性。后续的工程化装置连续运行并达标验收