天然橡胶加工废水处理工艺设计

天然橡胶加工废水浓度高 ,且间歇排放 ,但具有很好的可生化性。经好氧和厌氧试验 ,并据土地的可得性 ,提出了稳定塘系统及稳定塘与生物滤池相结合的处理工艺 ,并给出一设计实例     

双氰胺废渣在橡胶中的应用

主要阐述了双氰胺废渣的主要成份及它在纲丝隔离胶及三角胶芯胶中的应用并与原助剂进行了比较     

废塑料-环氧化橡胶制造橡塑型道路反光标志带的研究

借助环氧化天然橡胶（ＥＮＲ）分子链上环氧基团的二次反应，同废旧聚氯乙烯（ＰＶＣ）、聚苯乙烯（ＰＳ）等塑炼、压延成像塑型道路反光标志带（ＰＺ－ＭＳ），其抗拉强度等性能比Ｚ１－２型道路反光标志带（Ｚ－ＭＳ）好，同时治理了白色污染。     

Hydrological eco-service of rubber plantations in Hainan Island and its effect on local economic development

The impacts of economic forest on global environmental change(GEC) are one of the hot issues in environmental study. Based on the 3-year observation data and 40-year climate data, GEC and analysis of the hydrological dynamic characteristics of rubber plantations and estimate of the water balance in the rubber plantations in Hainan Island were made. The results showed that the rainfall intercepted by thecanopy of the plantations accounted for 11.4-5 % of the annual rainfall, the total runoff for 23.71%, the total evaporation and transpiration for 63.24%, the soil moisture storage for 1.6%. Analysis of the 40year rainfall data in the 19 counties of Hainan Island during 1951—1990 showed that the large-scale substitution of the natural vegetation with the rubber plantations had no significant effect on the local rainfall in Hainan Island. The main reasons are (1) 80% of the rainfall in Hainan is brought by typhoons; (2) the proportion of 11.6% rubberplantations in total forest coverage in Hainan is not enough to influence the local rainfall in Hainan Island; and (3) although the rubberplantation is artificial vegetation, it has the similar function to the tropical rain forest. Analysis of the total water resource and I‘otal GDP ofHainan in 1997 showed that the economic benefit resulted from the water resource was 1.0 RMB Yuan/m3 . The value of hydrological of therubber plantation in Hainan was 113.9 million RMB Yuan/a when compared with the tropical rain forest. The paper reaches conclusion that the hydrological eco-service function of rubber plantation has been enhanced after transformed from natural vegetation, which includes the natural service and powerful social service.     

导弹橡胶密封件环境失效研究

针对高原荒漠与东南沿海的气候特点,分析了导弹橡胶密封件在温度、湿度、臭氧和盐雾环境下的失效机理,提出了其环境适应性研究的方案;结合部队武器装备使用的现状,提出了在恶劣环境下预防橡胶密封件失效的措施.     

直升机用橡胶密封产品环境试验技术研究进展

以我国直升机在恶劣环境条件下服役导致密封产品频繁发生失效故障为背景,对航空橡胶密封材料及产品的环境试验与评价技术进行了梳理总结。分析了橡胶密封材料及产品大气暴露试验、户外自然加速暴露试验等自然环境试验技术的发展现状,介绍了热空气老化、紫外老化、臭氧老化、湿热、低温、盐雾、霉菌及综合环境试验等橡胶密封材料及产品实验室模拟加速试验技术的作用机理及试验方法。在此基础上,提出了今后应在橡胶密封产品实验室多因素模拟加速试验技术、密封结构件环境效应数据积累和应用等方面加强研究。     

Sequestration of toxic Pb(Ⅱ) ions by chemically treated rubber(Hevea brasiliensis) leaf powder

Rubber leaf powder(an agricultural waste) was treated with potassium permanganate followed by sodium carbonate and its performance in the removal of Pb(Ⅱ) ions from aqueous solution was evaluated.The interactions between Pb(Ⅱ) ions and functional groups on the adsorbent surface were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy(SEM) coupled with X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDX).The effects of several important parameters which can affect adsorption capacity such as pH,adsorbent dosage,initial lead concentration and contact time were studied.The optimum pH range for lead adsorption was 4-5.Even at very low adsorbent dosage of 0.02 g,almost 100% of Pb(Ⅱ) ions(23 mg/L) could be removed.The adsorption capacity was also dependent on lead concentration and contact time,and relatively a short period of time(60-90 min) was required to reach equilibrium.The equilibrium data were analyzed with Langmuir,Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherms.Based on Langmuir model,the maximum adsorption capacity of lead was 95.3 mg/g.Three kinetic models including pseudo first-order,pseudo second-order and Boyd were used to analyze the lead adsorption process,and the results showed that the pseudo second-order fitted well with correlation coefficients greater than 0.99.     

废胶粉与聚氨酯聚苯乙烯互穿聚合物网络

对废胶粉进行了裂解气相色谱、红外光谱、热重分析,并且制备了共轭三组分聚氨酯/聚苯乙烯/废胶粉半互穿聚合物网络(PU/PS/SRP-IPN),并进行了力学性能测试。结果表明:在废胶粉中含有天然橡胶、顺丁橡胶、丁苯橡胶,其中天然橡胶含量较高,顺丁橡胶和丁苯橡胶含量较低,三种胶的含量比为天然橡胶:顺丁橡胶:丁苯橡胶为12:6.2:1;胶粉含胶率为49.61%,炭黑含量为18.89%,无机填料含量为21.01%。当聚苯乙烯含量为40%时,体系的扯断伸长率与拉伸强度都出现最大值,随着聚苯乙烯在体系中所占比例增大,硬度与永久变形逐渐增大。差示扫描量热仪测定的玻璃化转变温度和扫描电镜分析结果表明作为公共组分的聚苯乙烯与废胶粉及聚氨酯发生了互穿缠结,整个材料性能得以提高。     

热重点斜法快速评估氟硅橡胶贮存寿命

阐述了热重点斜法（TPS）的基本原理。利用热重分析法求算出氟硅橡胶的功能性活化能E,同时开展373.15 K下热空气老化试验,然后参照JB/T 1544-1999计算氟硅橡胶贮存寿命,并对热重点斜法提出了分析和讨论。     

橡胶园土壤若干微量元素含量 ——以海南省胶园土为例

胶园土壤微量元素含量有一定的特征。海南省胶园土个别样点Ｃｄ偏高,Ｃｕ偏低,其它样点Ｃｄ、Ｃｒ、Ｐｈ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ｎｉ、Ｍｏ、Ｈｇ含量正常。土壤母质、质地、化学组成、耕作等对微量元素含量有一定影响。玄武岩上的胶园土微量元素较丰富。质地粘重的土壤微量元素含量往往较高。由于铁的水合物吸附固定作用,Ｃｕ、Ｚｕ、Ｃｄ、Ｈｇ含量与Ｆｅ含量有一定关系。Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｄ、Ｈｇ的许多化学性质相似,它们的含量有一定的相关性。