废轮胎的热解及其产物分析

研究了废轮胎热解产生的三相 (气、液、固 )产率与裂解温度的关系 ,气相组成与温度的关系 ,以及氢氧化钠作为催化剂加入热解体系对三相产率和气体组成的影响 .实验表明 ,轮胎橡胶的热稳定性分为 :～ 200℃,200℃～300℃及300℃以上3个区域 .在200℃以上时 ,随着温度升高 ,固体产率减少 ,气体产率增加 ,液体产物的产率在 500℃左右出现一个峰值 .加入 4%NaOH作催化剂以后 ,在相同的温度下固态碳黑和液态油的产率均有所提高 ,而相应混合气的产率降低 .实验确定了所用混合胶粉主要为合成橡胶 .不同温度下热解所产生的液体产物的红外谱图及裂解色谱图表明 ,300℃时主要是助剂分解,400℃左右主要是聚异戊二烯(天然胶)开始裂解,600℃以上残留物开始裂解.     

Effect of cement content and recycled rubber particle size on the performance of rubber-modified concrete

According to the Rubber Manufacturer’s Association, the United States generated 3664 thousand metric tons of scrap tires in 2015. While most waste tires are repurposed, approximately 409.5 thousand metric tons were disposed in landfills. This study investigates an alternative use of the waste tires as a replacement of natural aggregates in concrete mixtures. This study investigated fresh concrete properties and compressive strength. Different coarse and fine aggregate rubber particle sizes were evaluated: 19-mm tire chips (TCs) and 30-mesh crumb rubber (CR). TCs were used to replace coarse aggregates, while CR was used to replace fine aggregate in the concrete mixtures in increments of 10% by volume. Concrete strength loss was reduced with a fine aggregate replacement with CR as opposed to greater losses of strength exhibited by a coarse aggregate replacement with TCs. Adequate strengths were achieved at replacement levels as high as 40% by volume with CR, whereas satisfactory strengths were achieved with only a 10% replacement of coarse aggregates with TCs. Acceptable strengths were obtained from mixtures utilizing a combination of the two rubber sizes. Cement content was observed to have greater influence on rubberized concrete compressive strength at lower rubber contents than higher levels.     

冷冻胶粉粒度对橡胶胶料力学性能的影响

研究了冷冻胶粉粒度对橡胶胶料力学性能的影响,发现添加冷冻胶粉会使胶料的力学性能下降,胶粉粒度越大,胶料性能下降的程度越严重。同时还发现,薄通处理可以改善胶粉的表面活性,减轻胶粉粒度对胶料性能的影响,改善胶料的力学性能。     

用废橡胶制备沥青再生剂的实验

为了实现废物资源综合利用,以橡胶对沥青的性能改善为基础,以废橡胶为原料,在轻组分助剂介质中采用微波降解和助溶处理技术制备沥青再生剂.通过正交实验设计,以再生沥青的针入度、延度、旋转薄膜烘箱老化(RTFOT)后的针入度比及残留延度为评价指标确定了再生剂原材料的合理配比及工艺条件,并进行了再生剂的效果试验.研究表明,最佳配比及条件为增塑剂DOP 40%,芳香油分糠醛抽出油40%,废橡胶粉20%,抗老剂添加量为以上总量的0.5%,微波功率为900 W,处理时间为10 min.再生效果试验表明,10%的再生剂用量可以有效补充老化沥青缺失的组分,恢复其胶体结构及流变性能.     

十年来我国废旧橡胶(轮胎)利用专利及启示

党和政府近几年来,高度重视知识产权建设和保护工作.废旧橡胶利用(含轮胎翻新)是再生资源利用重点行业之一.从数据库中选取2009-2019年废旧橡胶行业专利申请情况,并根据行业现状进行分类整理和分析研究,有针对性地提出行业知识产权建设和保护工作的若干建议.在引起废旧橡胶利用(含轮胎翻新)行业重视基础上,进一步推动再生资源...     

Mechanism insight into the formation of H2S from thiophene pyrolysis: A theoretical study

• Possible formation pathways of H₂S were revealed in thiophene pyrolysis. • The influence of hydrogen radicals on thiophene pyrolysis was examined. • Thiophene decomposition starts with hydrogen transfer between adjacent C atoms. • The presence of hydrogen radicals significantly promotes the formation of H₂S. Pyrolysis is an efficient and economical method for the utilization of waste rubber, but the high sulfur content limits its industrial application. Currently, the migration and transformation of the element S during pyrolysis of waste rubber is far from well known. In this work, a density functional theory (DFT) method was employed to explore the possible formation pathways of H₂S and its precursors (radicals HS· and S·) during the pyrolysis of thiophene, which is an important primary pyrolytic product of rubber. In particular, the influence of reactive hydrogen radicals was carefully investigated in the thiophene pyrolysis process. The calculation results indicate that the decomposition of thiophene tends to be initiated by hydrogen transfer between adjacent carbon atoms, which needs to overcome an energy barrier of 312.4 kJ/mol. The optimal pathway to generate H₂S in thiophene pyrolysis involves initial H migration and S-C bond cleavage, with an overall energy barrier of 525.8 kJ/mol. In addition, a thiol intermediate that bears unsaturated C-C bonds is essential for thiophene pyrolysis to generate H₂S, which exists in multiple critical reaction pathways. Moreover, the presence of hydrogen radicals significantly changes the decomposition patterns and reduces the energy barriers for thiophene decomposition, thus promoting the formation of H₂S. The current work on H₂S formation from thiophene can provide some theoretical support to explore clean utilization technologies for waste rubber.     

Quality improvement of pyrolysis oil from waste rubber by adding sawdust

This work was aimed at improving the pyrolysis oil quality of waste rubber by adding larch sawdust. Using a 1 kg/h stainless pyrolysis reactor, the contents of sawdust in rubber were gradually increased from 0%, 50%, 100% and 200% (wt%) during the pyrolysis process. Using a thermo-gravimetric (TG) analyzer coupled with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of evolving products (TG–FTIR), the weight loss characteristics of the heat under different mixtures of sawdust/rubber were observed. Using the pyrolysis–gas chromatography (GC)–mass spectrometry (Py–GC/MS), the vapors from the pyrolysis processes were collected and the compositions of the vapors were examined. During the pyrolysis process, the recovery of the pyrolysis gas and its composition were measured in-situ at a reaction temperature of 450 °C and a retaining time of 1.2 s. The results indicated that the efficiency of pyrolysis was increased and the residual carbon was reduced as the percentage of sawdust increased. The adding of sawdust significantly improved the pyrolysis oil quality by reducing the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nitrogen and sulfur compounds contents, resulting in an improvement in the combustion efficiency of the pyrolysis oil.     

橡胶材料加速老化研究现状及发展趋势

论述了橡胶材料实验室热空气、臭氧、光老化等几种较为常用的人工加速老化试验研究现状,综述了热、氧、臭氧、光照等因素造成橡胶材料老化的作用机理及影响,总结了关于橡胶材料加速老化研究存在的问题和不足,以及今后研究可能的发展趋势。     

西双版纳大面积橡胶种植与生态环境影响

分析橡胶种植对西双版纳热带雨林的破坏及对生态环境的影响,提出保护热带森林资源走特色发展之路的对策.     

某导弹用乙丙橡胶贮存性能分析

通过某导弹用乙丙橡胶的热老化试验数据,建立了物理性能与 贮存时间的线性回归方程,并利用该方程预测了其在海南环境下物 理性能的变化情况。同时,采用自然贮存条件下测试的数据验证了预 测结果的有效性。