Perceptions of the local community on the outcome of community fishery management in Krala Peah village,Cambodia

Since fishery resources are regarded as an important source of income and food security, these resources need to be protected and conserved for sustainable use. To do this, the government of Cambodia has revised its policies, shifting management and responsibility to the local level. In response to government policy, Krala Peah village community fishery was established to manage resources within the area. The purpose of this study was to assess the outcome of community fishery management. Moreover, community fishery management was assessed through face-to-face interview and a participatory approach. The major findings of this study indicate that community fishery has led to a more equitable and efficient fishery within Krala Peah village. Although it has not led to improvements in fishing habitats and fish catch, it has reduced some factors that adversely affected sustainability. Furthermore, it has caused a reduction in illegal fishing, which was the main objective of the fishers.     

垃圾填埋场周边枝树光合生理特性研究

为了解垃圾填埋场环境下植物的光合适应性,利用LI-6400便携式光合测定仪,以呼马山森林公园为对照,对位于昆明市东郊垃圾填埋场和对照区的直杆桉Eucalyptusmaideni进行了光响应与光合日进程的测定。结果表明：填埋场直杆桉的净光合速率随光强的增加先增加后稍有下降并趋于稳定,光抑制不明显;对照的净光合速率随光强的增加先增加后缓慢下降;在相同光照强度下,填埋场直杆桉的净光合速率、蒸腾速率始终高于呼马山对照的,说明直杆桉可通过提高自身的光合能力和蒸腾速率来适应填埋场的特定环境。胞间CO2浓度随光强的增加先下降后上升,与净光合速率大体呈相反变化;蒸腾速率随光强变化的趋势与气孔导度变化相一致。另外,填埋场直杆桉净光合速率日变化呈单峰曲线,无明显“午休”现象,其变化趋势与蒸腾速率、气孔导度的大体相同。对照的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率与填埋场的变化趋势相似,但变化幅度较少。在自然条件下,填埋场直杆桉的净光合速率和蒸腾速率仍明显高于呼马山对照的。     

Factors influencing the implementation of a safety management system for construction sites

The objective of the study was to determine the influential safety factors that governed the success of a safety management system for construction sites. The number of incidences among construction workers and the level of awareness on matters concerning safety were also determined. The study involved a self-administered three-part questionnaire among the workers and interviews with industry experts involved in brick-laying, concreting and in related assorted trades. Part A of the questionnaire concerned personal particulars, Part B involved training and experience and Part C was based on 28 industry-accepted safety factor elements. The construction sites ranged from high rise buildings, landed houses and infrastructure renovation. The sample size was 275. From the survey it was found that the most influential safety factor was personal awareness followed closely by communication. Suggestions and recommendations on equipment design and improved work practices and procedures to improve the efficiency and productivity of construction workers were proposed. Management was urged to get their workers better informed about safety matters.     

基于健康风险的场地土壤修复限值分析

以某有机污染场地为研究对象,综合选择USEPA、ASTM和VROM等认可程度较高的健康风险评价方法,结合我国的人群特点和场地特征修正风险评估参数,对该场地污染土壤进行健康风险分析。监测结果表明,土壤中苯、苯并(a)芘和苯并(a)蒽3种有机污染物分别超过了其风险筛选值。通过口腔摄入、皮肤接触和呼吸吸入污染物3种暴露途径计算健康风险,污染土壤对人体产生的叠加致癌风险概率CR和非致癌危害HQ分别达到了9.59×10-5和15.46,会对该场地上的居民产生较大健康危害。根据CR和HQ的可接受风险水平10-6和1,将土壤中苯并(a)芘和苯并(a)蒽的修复目标值确定为0.033 mg/kg和0.33 mg/kg。     

基于循证方法的施工现场安全事故预防体系研究

为提高施工现场安全绩效,构建基于循证方法的施工现场安全事故预防体系。阐明施工现场安全循证预防(EBP)的定义、内涵、核心思想,梳理循证预防解决安全问题的思路,并且提出施工现场安全管理循证预防的流程框架。结果表明:针对施工现场安全事故预防中的不足,循证方法解决问题的思路体现在理论和方法 2个层面;施工现场安全管理循证预防体系分为循证诊断和循证干预2个阶段,具体包括安全检查表、框架表示法、荟萃(Meta)分析等关键步骤。     

对新农村建设中农信社业务发展的思考

面对农村金融市场日益激烈的竞争环境和新农村建设对农信社业务发展提出的新要求,农信社要更加关注、全面分析业务发展中存在的问题,树立支农新理念;重视市场调研,准确定位;加大业务发展创新力度;强化服务水平和质量,以加快农信社业务的发展。     

基于DEMATEL-ANP水电施工现场安全评价模型研究

提出了一种适用于水利水电工程施工现场安全评价方法——DEMATEL-ANP方法,利用DEMATEL方法计算安全评价指标之间相互影响的强度,同时考虑到DEMATEL方法将各评价指标权重视为相同的弊端,将DEMATEL与ANP方法相结合,利用ANP方法获得安全评价指标的权重。通过建立基于DEMATEL-ANP方法的水利水电工程施工现场安全评价模型,提出从安全评价指标ANP权重排序、混合权重的安全评价指标关联度排序以及因果图等三个方面寻找改善安全管理的措施,为水利水电施工企业安全管理提供分析依据。     

简易垃圾填埋场存在问题及治理技术探讨

分析了大冶有色金属公司简易垃圾场存在垃圾堆体不稳、二次污染的问题,探讨了控制污染源、防止二次污染及堆体倒塌的治理技术。     

地基基础与建筑场地类别划分

基于与建筑地基震害密切相关的地基土性状及基础条件,讨论了岩土工程勘察设计工作中关于场地土和建筑场地类别划分的主要依据,提出了对我国现行《建筑抗震设计规范(GB50011 2001)》进行基础埋深、覆盖层厚度和复合地基的地基土性状的修正, 并经场地土层地震反应分析论述了进一步划分建筑场地类别的必要性和可能性。以北京的2个典型工程场地为代表,分别讨论了基础埋深和覆盖层厚度对建筑场地类别划分的影响,并通过场地土层地震反应分析,得到自然地面上、基础埋深处土层的反应谱,同时也计算了在考虑或不考虑低速粘性土夹层情况下对土层地震反应结果的影响程度。最后,根据综合峰值加速度、加速度反应谱最大值的对比结果认为对原有的建筑场地类别划分方法有必要进行修正。     

Food site residence time and female competitive relationships in wild gray-cheeked mangabeys (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Lophocebus albigena</Emphasis>)

Authors of socioecological models propose that food distribution affects female social relationships in that clumped food resources, such as fruit, result in strong dominance hierarchies and favor coalition formation with female relatives. A number of Old World monkey species have been used to test predictions of the socioecological models. However, arboreal forest-living Old World monkeys have been understudied in this regard, and it is legitimate to ask whether predominantly arboreal primates living in tropical forests exhibit similar or different patterns of behavior. Therefore, the goal of our study was to investigate female dominance relationships in relation to food in gray-cheeked mangabeys (Lophocebus albigena). Since gray-cheeked mangabeys are largely frugivorous, we predicted that females would have linear dominance hierarchies and form coalitions. In addition, recent studies suggest that long food site residence time is another important factor in eliciting competitive interactions. Therefore, we also predicted that when foods had long site residence times, higher-ranking females would be able to spend longer at the resource than lower-ranking females. Analyses showed that coalitions were rare relative to some other Old World primate species, but females had linear dominance hierarchies. We found that, contrary to expectation, fruit was not associated with more agonism and did not involve long site residence times. However, bark, a food with a long site residence time and potentially high resource value, was associated with more agonism, and higher-ranking females were able to spend more time feeding on it than lower-ranking females. These results suggest that higher-ranking females may benefit from higher food and energy intake rates when food site residence times are long. These findings also add to accumulating evidence that food site residence time is a behavioral contributor to female dominance hierarchies in group-living species.