Water Environmental Degradation of the Source Area of the Yellow River on Northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

1 INTRODUCTION Environmental changes caused by mankind's exploitation and regional climate changes have long been a severe problem in the world, especially in the arid and semiarid areas because of their ecosystems' vulnerability (Chen & Qu, 1992; Wang & Cheng, 1999; Liu et al., 1999). During the last half-century, especially the last 30 years, drastic environmental changes have occurred owing to exploitation and development, which have invoked society's concerns. In the Qinghai-Tibet …     

城市污泥脱水速率与泥饼含水率的表征差异性研究

通过试验获得了多种不同来源污泥的脱水表观指标值(比阻和粘度)与脱水性能参数值(脱水速率和滤饼含水率),并对其相关性进行了研究分析.研究结果表明,采用常规的表观指标表征污泥的脱水性能存在差异性,污泥比阻(SRF)可以很好地表征污泥的脱水速率,与其呈良好的负线性关系(调理前:R2=0.914,调理后:R2=0.839),而SRF与滤饼含水率的线性关系不显著,只能进行辅助或定性分析.粘度可以很好地表征污泥滤饼含水率(调理前:R2=0.936,调理后:R2=0.843);但仅在高粘度水平下,粘度与污泥脱水速率才表现出负线性关系,但拟合度较低(R2=0.647),在低粘度污泥体系中,粘度不是影响污泥脱水速率的关键因素.     

桐油-地沟油生物柴油混合燃料性能改善研究

为了改善生物柴油的品质,文章将桐油生物柴油和地沟油生物柴油按体积比1:1混合,评价其对生物柴油品质的影响;研究了抗氧化剂TBHQ(特丁基对苯二酚)、BHT(二叔丁基对甲酚)和BHA(丁基羟基茴香醚)对混合生物柴油氧化安定性及其它性能的影响,并考察了混合生物柴油加速氧化后过氧化值和粘度的变化。结果表明:桐油生物柴油和地沟生物柴油混合可以调和两者之间的性能,降低桐油生物柴油的粘度,提高地沟油生物柴油的低温流动性能;TBHQ抗氧化效果明显优于BHT和BHA,TBHQ能够延长混合生物柴油的氧化诱导时间且对生物柴油其他性能影响较小,当桐油生物柴油与地沟油生物柴油以1:1混合,TBHQ添加量为1%时其各项指标基本符合生物柴油国家标准;生物柴油加速氧化后粘度和过氧化值增加,TBHQ的加入减轻了氧化前后粘度的变化。     

给水厂浓缩污泥的稳态流变特征研究

针对给水厂浓缩污泥,采用旋转流变仪研究了其稳态流变特性,分别探讨了污泥的典型流变图、污泥浓度和温度对浓缩污泥极限粘度的影响.结果表明,污泥具有触变及剪切变稀的性质,其极限粘度(η∞)与污泥浓度(TSS)的关系符合指数关系,可用方程η∞=24.43-494.62e-0.14TSS描述.极限粘度与温度的关系服从于阿伦尼乌斯公式,相应的反应活化能为14.91J·mol-1.此外,宾汉模型可以描述污泥的流变性质,屈服应力随污泥浓度的升高而增加.     

Influence of additives in the end‐use mixes of tebufenozide on deposition,adhesion and persistence in spruce foliage

Abstract

A commercial flowable formulation of tebufenozide, RH‐5992 2F [N'‐t‐butyl‐N'‐(3,5‐dimethylbenzoyl)‐N‐(4‐ethylbenzoyl) hydrazine], was diluted with water, water and canola oil, and water and the methyl ester of canola oil, to provide six end‐use mixes with concentrations of 35 and 70 g of active ingredient (Al) litre^‐1. The mixes were applied at 70 and 140 g Al ha^‐1 over white spruce [Picea glauca (Moench) Voss] seedlings in a laboratory spray chamber and foliar concentrations of tebufenozide were determined over a 60‐d period. At intervals of time post‐spray, seedlings were sprayed with monosized droplets of Sunspray®11N as rainfall, and the amount of tebufenozide knocked off from foliage was determined. The potential energy of adhesion (PEA) of the Al particles on the foliage increased with time and varied according to the type of end‐use mix, its viscosity and the dosage sprayed.

The end‐use mixes were applied over white spruce trees under field conditions and persistence of tebufenozide was investigated. DT₅₀ values were influenced by the type of mix and dosage sprayed. Oil‐containing mixes and higher dosages increased the PEA of tebufenozide particles.     

镁合金盒形件温拉深起皱原因分析及措施

介绍了在机械压力机上温拉深过程中产生起皱的原因,通过采取调整镁合金板温度、相对厚度t/d0以及润滑剂的使用等措施,解决了拉裂、起皱缺陷,成功地拉深出镁合金盒形件产品。     

刚粘塑性有限元数值模拟中粘性系数的获取方法

以塑性元件和粘性元件并联的模型为基础,研究材料粘性系数的获取方法,给出了一些材料的粘性系数和影响因素之间的关系曲线,为模拟研究中粘性系数的获取提供一种方便有效的方法.     

Effects of red-yellow soil acidification on seed germination of Chinese pine

Acid treatments significantly change the physical and chemical properties of red-yellos soil by lowering its pH value and leaching out aluminum(Al) ions that are harmful to the growth of plants.The structure of soil will be damaged,resulting in higher viscosity,higher water retention rate and lower air permeability of the soil.The germination rate of Chinese pine(Pinus tabulacformic Carr.)seeds sowed in soil treated with sulphuric acid(H2SO4) decreased compared to that for untreated soil.The direct cause was the large amount of Al ions leached out because of low pH values(≥3.5).The added acid decreased the soil aggregation and increased the number of micro-aggregates(under 250 μmin diameter).Such changes increased the soil‘s viscosity,which tied the pine needles to the soil after the seeds had germinated and prevented the seedlings from fully developing.     

两性聚电解质絮凝剂的合成及特性粘数

研究了两性聚电解质絮凝剂的合成方法对其特性粘数的影响,发现单体配比、pH及聚合引发剂品种和剂量均对两性聚电解质絮凝剂的特性粘数有明显作用。     

环境质量与建筑节能技术问题的探讨

乌鲁木齐冬季空气的主要污染源来自来建筑物提供热源的烯煤锅炉房。为了实现市政府提出5年还乌市人民一片蓝天的号召,在实行集中供热和加大治理力度的同时,积极推进建筑节能技术,降低建筑物耗热量（耗煤量）指标,减少污染物排放量,是实现蓝天工程的重要措施。