累托石/氧化亚铜纳米复合材料的制备及光催化性能研究

以累托石为载体,用液相合成法制备了累托石/纳米氧化亚铜复合材料,采用SEM、XRD对其进行了表征,并以吸附降解亚甲基蓝的效果探讨了复合材料的吸附及光催化性能.结果表明,在最佳条件为:溶液呈碱性,亚甲基蓝初始浓度90 mg/L,复合材料用量1.33 g/L,温度60℃,反应20 mim时复合材料对亚甲基蓝的降解率可达到9...     

TiO_2光催化同时脱硫脱硝效率影响因素研究

基于多元线性回归,对TiO2光催化同时脱硫、脱硝效率进行了预测研究.在最佳实验条件下,预测了不同SO2和NOx浓度的光催化脱除效率.依据正交试验结果,确定了最佳运行工况,将温度、湿度、SO2和NOx浓度对同时脱硫、脱硝效果的影响程度划分为3个等级,在此基础上有针对性地提出了可行措施.     

Heterostructure CdS/ZnS nanoparticles as a visible light-driven photocatalyst for hydrogen generation from water

(CdS)_x/(ZnS)_1–x nanoparticles were synthesized as a visible light-driven photocatalyst using the stepped microemulsion technique with a series of the ratio factors (x). The photocatalytic test results showed that (CdS)_x/(ZnS)_1-x with x = 0.8 had the highest photo-reactivity for H₂ production from water under visible light. The composite (CdS)_0.8/(ZnS)_0.2 catalyst had a heterogeneous structure that exhibited a much greater photocatalytic hydrogen production activity than either pure CdS or the homogeneous Cd_0.8Zn_0.2S solid solution. ZnS deposition also was shown to largely improve the stability of CdS in the heterostructured CdS/ZnS catalyst. Thermal treatment of the catalyst, i.e., annealing (CdS)_0.8/(ZnS)_0.2 at 723 K, improved the crystallinity of the catalyst and increased its photocatalytic H₂ production rate by more than 36 times. Deposition of Ru on the surface of the catalyst particles by in situ photo-deposition further increased the photo-H₂ generation rate by 3 times. The photocatalyst of 0.5%Ru/CdS/ZnS achieved the highest H₂ production activity, at a rate of 12650 μmol/g-h and with a light to hydrogen energy conversion efficiency of 6.5%.     

离子液体辅助合成Nd掺杂TiO_2的可见光催化性能

在离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟化硼([C4MIM]BF4)的辅助下,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Nd掺杂Ti O2光催化剂(Nd-Ti O2(IL))。实验结果表明:在加入[C4MIM]BF4、n(Nd)∶n(Ti O2)=2.5%的条件下制得的Nd-Ti O2(IL)(记作2.5%Nd-Ti O2(IL))的光催化性能最好;在初始亚甲基蓝质量浓度10 mg/L、2.5%Nd-Ti O2(IL)加入量1 g/L的条件下,光催化反应180 min,亚甲基蓝降解率为84%,2.5%Nd-Ti O2(IL)光催化降解亚甲基蓝的表观速率常数为0.010 9 min-1。表征结果显示:Nd的掺杂抑制了Ti O2晶粒长大,增大了Ti O2的比表面积,2.5%Nd-Ti O2(IL)的比表面积为80.77 m2/g;[C4MIM]BF4的加入提高了Ti O2的晶化度;Nd以Nd3+的形式,通过晶格取代方式进入Ti O2晶格。     

炉渣制光催化剂催化降解水中罗丹明B的研究

以废弃的钢铁冶炼炉渣为原料制备了光催化剂GN,并对其进行了X衍射、紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱、比表面积及孔径分布等物性测试,通过在三相内循环流化床光催化反应器中对罗丹明B废水进行处理,确定了GN的最佳光催化氧化条件.将GN与传统的光催化剂TiO2作比较,结果表明,GN不仅具备较高的光催化活性,而且成本更低,为钢铁冶炼炉渣的循环再利用提供了一种新思路,同时也为光催化氧化技术的工业化应用提供了一条新颖、经济、可行的途径.     

非金属掺杂TiO2的可见光活性及机理研究进展

光催化剂TiO2因其大禁带宽度（E=3．2eV）,致使不能有效地利用太阳能,因此研究开发可见光响应的TiO2就成为当前光催化剂研究的关键课题。非金属掺杂可使TiO2响应可见光,文章综述了各种非金属（N、S、P、C、B和卤素）掺杂TiO2光催化剂在可见光范围的响应、光催化性能以及它们可能的响应机理,提出了可见光响应型光催化剂现存的问题和发展方向。     

Preparations of TiO2 film coated on foam nickel substrate by sol-gel processes and its photocatalytic activity for degradation of acetaldehyde

Anatase TiO2 films were successfully prepared on foam nickel substrates by sol-gel technique using tetrabutyl titanate as precursor. The characteristics of the TiO2 films were investigated by XPS, XRD, FE-SEM, TEM and UV-Vis absorption spectra. The photocatalytic activities of TiO2 films were investigated by photocatalytic degradation reactions of gaseous acetaldehyde, an indoor pollutant, under ultraviolet light irradiation. It was found that Ni^2＋ doping into TiO2 films due to the foam nickel substrates resulted in the extension of absorption edges of TiO2 films from UV region to visible light region. The pre-heating for foam nickel substrates resulted in the formation of NiO layer, which prevented effectively the injection of photogenerated electrons from TiO2 films to metal nickel. The TiO2 films displayed high photocatalytic activity for the degradation of acetaldehyde, and were enhanced by calcining the substrates and coating TiO2 films repeatedly. The high activity was mainly attributed to the improvement of the characteristics of substrate surface and the increase of active sites on photocatalyst.     

Construction of ternary CuO/CuFe2O4/g-C3N4 composite and its enhanced photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride with persulfate under simulated sunlight

In this study, a graphitic carbon nitride（g-C₃N₄） based ternary catalyst Cu O/Cu Fe₂O₄/gC₃N₄（CCCN） is successfully prepared thorough calcination method. After confirming the structure and composition of CCCN, the as-synthesized composites are utilized to activate persulfate（PS） for the degradation of organic contaminant. While using tetracycline hydrochloride（TC） as pollutant surrogate, the effects of initial p H, PS and catalyst ...     

Ag-AgIO3改性BiOI光催化剂湿法脱除气态单质汞

采用沉积沉淀-光还原法制备了不同AgIO₃含量的BiOI光催化剂,利用X射线衍射、N₂吸附-脱附、扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、紫外-可见漫反射光谱和电子自旋共振对其物理化学结构进行表征,在光催化反应器上研究了AgIO₃负载量、光照、溶液温度、pH值、SO₂和NO对气态单质汞（Hg⁰）去除性能的影响.结果表明,与BiOI相比,Ag-AgIO₃改性后光催化剂的脱汞性能大幅提高.当AgIO₃负载量为4wt.%时,光催化剂的脱汞效率高达98%.与NO相比,SO₂对脱汞性能的抑制作用更大.由于Ag和AgIO₃在BiOI表面的高度分散性,Ag-AgIO₃（4%） BiOI的可见光吸收性能明显提高.荧光灯辐照与Ag-AgIO₃/BiOI光催化剂协同会产生大量的活性物种.在Ag-AgIO₃/BiOI光催化剂的高效脱汞体系中,超氧阴离子自由基（·O₂^-）为最主要的活性物质,而空穴（h⁺）和羟基自由基（·OH）次之.     

可见光激发下模拟海水中四环素光降解的机制和路径

为了探明海水体系中多相光催化降解污染物的机制和路径,研究了在可见光激发下不同介孔TiO₂光催化降解纯水和模拟海水中四环素(TC)的过程,明确了不同盐离子对光催化降解过程的影响.结合自由基捕获实验,电子自旋共振(ESR)光谱和中间产物分析研究了光降解污染物的主要活性物种和模拟海水中TC降解途径.结果表明,模拟海水中TC光催化过程会受到显著抑制,手性介孔TiO₂催化剂对TC光降解反应速率相比其在纯水体系降低了70%左右,而非手性TiO₂光催化剂在海水体系中几乎不能降解TC.模拟海水中阴离子对光降解过程影响较小,但Mg²⁺和Ca²⁺存在会显著抑制光催化过程.无论在纯水还是模拟海水中,可见光激发后催化剂产生的活性物种都是空穴为主,因此模拟海水中降解路径与纯水体系中相同.盐离子不会抑制活性物种的产生,但Mg²⁺和Ca²⁺会富集在TC分子中电负性强的原子周边,阻碍空穴等对TC分子中电负性强原子的攻击,从而抑制了光催化降解效率.