挡土墙地震被动土压力的拟动力分析

对地震土压力的研究是地震区挡土墙安全设计的一项重要课题.地震条件下,目前的研究主要是给出了土压力的近似拟静力解析解.本文采用可考虑动力荷载下的周期和纵波及横波效应的拟动力方法,对挡土墙后的地震被动土压力进行分析.在挡土墙后平面滑裂面假设的基础上,考虑了水平和垂直向地震加速度、纵波速度、横波速度、挡土墙摩擦角、填土内摩擦...     

调压室胸墙稳定性分析与加固措施研究

调压室是水电站压力水道系统中的一项重要建筑物,其结构稳定性直接影响到下游电站的安全稳定运行,工程上一般采用薄壁圆柱筒法求其应力状态。本文针对湖北某已建水电站调压室胸墙由于下游支撑较弱,闸门胸墙变形及拉应力较大等问题。在考虑外围基岩、胸墙下部沥青杉木板弹性支撑和初始地应力场的基础上,采用数值方法对调压室及其外围基岩进行了整体稳定性分析、现有配筋校核和加固措施研究。结果表明,应将最高涌浪水位作为该调压室加固的控制工况。提出了相应的加筑肋墙或圈梁的加固方案,并从避免胸墙变形过大以保证闸门顺利启闭、降低局部应力集中以减缓混凝土破损等角度出发,对加固后的效果进行了分析讨论。通过对比分析,建议采取H型钢圈梁的加固方案,该方案不仅避免了对原结构的较大改动,还保证了下游厂房的稳定运行和自身结构安全。计算成果为工程项目的加固实施提供了技术依据,同时也为类似工程建设提供了借鉴。     

基于Fluent的闭合环型缺氧反应器构造优化

为提高闭合环型缺氧反应器混合效果,选用基于Fluent软件的三维RNG k-ε紊流数学模型对闭合环型缺氧反应器进行流场模拟,以池底可能淤积面积比例作为混合效果的评价标准,分别从导流直墙长度、导流墙偏心距离及水下推进器偏置等3个方面对缺氧池的系统构造的最优设置进行研究。结果显示,在相同推进器功率下,导流直墙长度2.0 m为佳,导流墙偏心距离0.5 m为佳,推进器向内偏置0.5 m为佳。该研究方法及其结果可以作为闭合环型缺氧反应器的设计依据,具有较佳的技术参考价值。     

框架剪力墙结构抗震动力性能与抗侧向倒塌能力研究

为了探讨框架剪力墙结构的抗震动力性能和抗倒塌能力,针对一典型的20层钢筋混凝土框架剪力墙结构展开研究。首先,利用静力弹塑性方法对结构进行推覆分析,得到多遇、设防、罕遇地震下的性能点处相关参数;然后,选定合适的地震动记录和损伤指标,利用增量动力分析方法研究结构的地震反应和抗倒塌能力。结果表明:在小震和大震作用下,结构的层间位移角均满足规范限值要求,Collapse塑性铰主要出现在结构底层,可以实现大震不倒;随着楼层的增加,结构的层间剪力逐渐减小,有个别地震动记录在15层左右剪力会突然增大;结构50%倒塌概率对应的地震加速度为2.41 g,说明该结构的抗倒塌能力较强。     

石化企业内浮顶罐挥发性有机物排放量核算与影响因素分析

以某石化企业内浮顶罐为实例,根据AP-42公式,从浮顶罐结构、油品性质、周转量及环境因素4个方面对内浮顶储罐的VOCs排放进行研究。计算结果表明：浮盘缝隙损耗和挂壁损耗是内浮顶储罐VOCs排放的主要来源;浮盘构造、周转量、罐壁锈蚀程度及边缘密封形式是内浮顶罐VOCs损耗的主要影响因素;罐漆颜色、储罐直径、油品种类及储液温度为次要影响因素;固定顶支撑柱数量、环境湿度及环境风速对储罐挥发损耗的影响较小。针对分析结果,提出降低储罐VOCs挥发损耗的措施。     

Simulation of solute transport across low-permeability barrier walls

Low-permeability, non-reactive barrier walls are often used to contain contaminants in an aquifer. Rates of solute transport through such barriers are typically many orders of magnitude slower than rates through the aquifer. Nevertheless, the success of remedial actions may be sensitive to these low rates of transport. Two numerical simulation methods for representing low-permeability barriers in a finite-difference groundwater-flow and transport model were tested. In the first method, the hydraulic properties of the barrier were represented directly on grid cells and in the second method, the intercell hydraulic-conductance values were adjusted to approximate the reduction in horizontal flow, allowing use of a coarser and computationally efficient grid. The alternative methods were tested and evaluated on the basis of hypothetical test problems and a field case involving tetrachloroethylene (PCE) contamination at a Superfund site in New Hampshire. For all cases, advective transport across the barrier was negligible, but preexisting numerical approaches to calculate dispersion yielded dispersive fluxes that were greater than expected. A transport model (MODFLOW-GWT) was modified to (1) allow different dispersive and diffusive properties to be assigned to the barrier than the adjacent aquifer and (2) more accurately calculate dispersion from concentration gradients and solute fluxes near barriers. The new approach yields reasonable and accurate concentrations for the test cases.     

产朊假丝酵母CANDIDA UTILIS细胞壁对铜离子吸附位点的研究

目前认为所有生物大分子都对重金属离子有较强吸附性 ,但某些分子可特异地吸附重金属 ,并介导酵母细胞对重金属的抗性[1] .其中细胞表面的高分子聚合物倍受关注 ,酵母细胞壁约含 4 0种蛋白分子 ,但有关这些蛋白质在对重金属离子吸附中的作用目前还未见报道 .产朊假丝酵母Ｃａｎｄｉｄａｕｔｉｌｉｓ是重要单细胞蛋白生产菌株之一 ,因其营养条件要求不高 ,对工业废水有较强耐受和转化能力而广泛用于生产和研究 .我们观察了产朊假丝酵母细胞与分离纯化的细胞壁对铜离子的吸附能力差异 ,并对细胞壁上重金属离子吸附位点进行了研究 .1　材料与方…     

Use of wastes derived from earthquakes for the production of concrete masonry partition wall blocks

Utilization of construction and demolition (C&D) wastes as recycled aggregates in the production of concrete and concrete products have attracted much attention in recent years. However, the presence of large quantities of crushed clay brick in some the C&D waste streams (e.g. waste derived collapsed masonry buildings after an earthquake) renders the recycled aggregates unsuitable for high grade use. One possibility is to make use of the low grade recycled aggregates for concrete block production. In this paper, we report the results of a comprehensive study to assess the feasibility of using crushed clay brick as coarse and fine aggregates in concrete masonry block production. The effects of the content of crushed coarse and fine clay brick aggregates (CBA) on the mechanical properties of non-structural concrete block were quantified. From the experimental test results, it was observed that incorporating the crushed clay brick aggregates had a significant influence on the properties of blocks. The hardened density and drying shrinkage of the block specimens decreased with an increase in CBA content. The use of CBA increased the water absorption of block specimens. The results suggested that the amount of crushed clay brick to be used in concrete masonry blocks should be controlled at less than 25% (coarse aggregate) and within 50-75% for fine aggregates.     

应变率对钢筋混凝土剪力墙动态性能的影响

采用有限元软件ABAQUS中的显示动力分析模块ABAQUS/Explicit,分别对钢筋混凝土剪力墙准静态和高应变率动力荷载作用下的响应进行了数值模拟;通过比较高应变率与准静态加载下的分析结果,探讨了地震作用下应变率对钢筋混凝土剪力墙动态性能的影响。研究结果表明,受应变率效应的影响,混凝土和钢筋的动态力学行为发生了变化,动力荷载作用下的钢筋混凝土剪力墙的承载能力有一定程度的提高,故在对钢筋混凝土结构进行抗震分析时,应适当考虑应变率效应。     

煤灰渣开发利用的途径

本文在笔者研究的基础上提出了开发利用煤灰渣的途径,推荐了利用煤灰渣生产墙体材料、生产水泥及灌浆材料的有关参数。煤灰渣的开发利用不仅可减少堆放煤灰渣占用的土地和消除煤灰渣对环境的污染,而且可使企业获得显著的经济效益。