近百年我国的异常暖冬与冷冬

根据１９５１年以来１６０站观测资料对我国冬季气温进行了ＥＯＦ分析，发现全国绝大部分区域的冬温变化有很好的一致性。因此，冬季平均气温能较好反映全国的整体变化特征。用全国气温等级图资料订正了１９１０年至１９５０年全国平均气温，用北京和上海２站的平均气温订正了１８８０年至１９１９年平均气温。对１８８０年以来的全国平均冬季气温序列取１０ａ一遇标准，确认出近１１８ａ中共有１３次异常暖冬和１０次异常冷冬。还分析了西伯利亚高压和全球性的温度变化对我国冬温变化和异常的影响     

甘肃白龙江河谷浅山区冬季温度分布、逆温特征及宜桔地选择

本文探讨了陇南白龙江流域河谷浅山区冬季温度分布及逆温出现的特点;阐述了逆温形成的原因及与桔树生物学特性相适应的“逆温暖层”农业气候、生态的优势;根据冬季宏观温度和山体逆温分布规律,提出了浅山“暖层”宜桔地选择的方法。     

民用燃煤、焦化厂和石油沥青工业多环芳烃源成分谱的比较研究

利用模拟实验采集了民用燃煤污染源样品，在现场采集了焦化帮石油沥青两类污染源样品，用GC/MS联用技术测定了样品中13种多环芳烃，对分析结果进行归一化处理后确定以上3类污染源多环芳烃源成分谱，在此基础上，对民用燃煤，焦化厂和石油沥青污染源的排放水平，轮廓图特征，排放特征和特征比值进行了比较。     

钢铁冶金工厂含铁环境尘泥再利用生产技术

通过对鞍钢钢铁冶金工厂排放的含铁尘泥的物理性、化学性的分析 ,进行尘泥混合料的试生产 ,确定生产工艺 ,取得了经济、环境、社会效益 ,是钢铁冶金工厂含铁尘泥再利用的一种方法。     

人类生态思维的发展

以人为本,全面、协调、可持续的科学发展观包含了生态思维方式的重大变革。人类对于人与自然关系的认识是不断深化与发展的,人类生态思维的发展经历了“法天”、“胜天”、“通天”三个阶段。科学发展观是对人类生态思维的继承和发展。     

CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION-COAGULATION FOR ORGANIC COLOR REMOVAL FROM GOUNDWATERS1

ABSTRACT: Many wells produce water that is highly colored by organic substances. Colored water may cause aesthetic, economic, and health problems for the cities using it as a municipal supply. Characterization of water from a number of wells showed that the color causing compounds were hydroxylated aromatic carboxylic acids which were precipitated below pH 4.5 and were almost completely ionized above pH 4.5. Through jar tests, a chemical precipitation-coagulation treatment system was developed. The optimal sequence of chemical addition was alum first, followed by pH adjustment and addition of a polyelectrolyte. Rapid mix tests demonstrated the need for a reaction period after alum and after acid addition, and that the rapid mix time controlled floc size for a given flocculation period. Flocculation tests, varying both the floc time and mean velocity gradient, G, showed that an optimum G exists for each floc time and that the residual color decreased with decreasing values of velocity gradient.     

如何完善沥青路面结构设计保证车辆行驶安全的探讨

沥青路面的病害直接威胁着公路通行车辆行驶安全,沥青路面的结构设计不合理是导致路面发生病害的重要原因之一。通过对高速公路沥青路面的主要病害成因从设计角度进行分析,提出应从完善路面设计基础数据的测试与确定方法、合理选择原材料、采用合适的矿料级配、完善配合比设计方法、合理选择沥青面层厚度、加强沥青面层层间及与基层的粘结等途径完善沥青路面结构设计,以进一步提高沥青路面的使用功能,减少道路交通安全事故的发生。     

HABITAT AND FISH RESPONSES TO MULTIPLE AGRICULTURAL BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN A WARM WATER STREAM1

ABSTRACT: Thirteen years of annual habitat and fish sampling were used to evaluate the response of a small warm water stream in eastern Wisconsin to agricultural best management practices (BMPs). Stream physical habitat and fish communities were sampled in multiple reference and treatment stations before, during, and after upland and riparian BMP implementation in the Otter Creek subwatershed of the Sheboygan River watershed. Habitat and fish community measures varied substantially among years, and varied more at stations that had low habitat diversity, reinforcing the notion that the detection of stream responses to BMP implementation requires long term sampling. Best management practices increased substrate size; reduced sediment depth, embeddedness, and bank erosion; and improved overall habitat quality at stations where a natural vegetative buffer existed or streambank fencing was installed as a riparian BMP. There were lesser improvements at locations where only upland BMPs were implemented. Despite the habitat changes, we could not detect significant improvements in fish communities. It is speculated that the species needed to improve the fish community, mainly pollution intolerant species, suckers (Castomidae), and darters (Percidae), had been largely eliminated from the Sheboygan River watershed by broadscale agricultural nonpoint source pollution and could not colonize Otter Creek, even though habitat conditions may have been suitable.     

一次低纬高原暖区暴雨对流系统演变及边界层触发

利用高空和地面区域站、FY2G卫星TBB、昆明C波段多普勒雷达、闪电观测资料和NCEP/NCAR1° ×1°再分析资料,分析了2017年7月12-13日云南副高外围暖区暴雨对流系统演变特征及边界层触发成因.结果表明,滇东中部和滇中中部暴雨,12日08:00以锋面降水为主,14:00后以暖区降水为主;环境场具有弱垂直风切...     

沥青废气燃烧处理技术

在不同温度、不同沥青废气与天然气混合比及不同催化剂的条件下,用燃烧法对沥青熔化中产生的废气进行处理,研究其最佳处理效果,降低沥青废气排放浓度和废气中有害物质的浓度,解决了沥青废气严重污染环境的问题。