Phosphorus accumulation by bacteria isolated from a ontinuous-flow two-sludge system

In this article, polyphosphate-accumulating organisms （PAOs） from a lab-scale continuous-flow two-sludge system was isolated and identified, the different phosphorus accumulation characteristics of the isolates under anoxic and aerobic conditions were investigated. Two kinds of PAOs were both found in the anoxic zones of the two-sludge system, one of them utilized only oxygen as electron aeceptor, and the other one utilized either nitrate or oxygen as electron aeceptor. Of the total eight isolates, five isolates were capable of utilizing both nitrate and oxygen as electron acceptors to uptake phosphorus to some extent. And three of the five isolates showed good phosphorus accumulative capacities both under anoxic or aerobic conditions, two identified as Alcaligenes and one identified as Pseudomonas. Streptococcus was observed weak anoxic phosphorus accumulation because of its weak denitrification capacity, but it showed good phosphorus accumulation capacity under aerobic conditions. One isolates identified as Enterobacteriaceae was proved to be a special species of PAOs, which could only uptake small amounts of phosphorus under anoxic conditions, although its denitrification capacity and aerobic phosphorus accumulation capacity were excellent.     

黄河水中铅(Ⅱ)与悬浮粒子相互作用的研究

为了研究痕量金属铅在黄河水体中迁移转化规律以及黄河悬浮粒子承载铅的能力,进行了黄河水中铅(Ⅱ)与悬浮粒子相互作用的实验。结果表明:①铅以一价正离子形式与悬浮粒子进行阳离子交换,交换的pH范围在3～7,当pH为6时,离子交换率达到最大值;②铅离子浓度增加,离子交换率降低;③交换剂为转化沙时的离子交换率比未转化沙大;④可溶态痕量金属铅在黄河水中除了与悬浮粒子表面吸着交换进入固相外,也可以沉淀形式进入固相。      

海洋环境容量及入海污染物总量控制研究进展

海洋环境容量及入海污染物总量控制研究是开展海洋环境保护、制定海洋管理制度、实现海洋可持续发展的科学依据。本文从海洋环境容量的概念出发,论述了污染源调查与评价,水动力、污染物扩散和水交换数值模拟,污染物总量控制以及环境经济损益分析等方面的研究方法和最新进展,并对海洋环境容量和总量控制的发展趋势做了总结,从而为污染海域的环境容量和污染物总量控制研究提供参考。     

复极性三维电极电解法去除表面活性剂的研究

对复极性三维电极电解法处理阴离子表面活性剂废水进行了正交试验的研究,探讨了反应动力学及反应机理,结果表明该法是处理表面活性剂废水的有效方法。最佳的运行参数是填料为活性炭和玻璃珠体积比为2:1的混合填料,LAS初始浓度C0=250mg/L,pH=2,U=30V,t=60min,在该工况下LAS去除率可达90.6%。该法降解LAS的反应符合二级动力学。LAS的氧化降解的反应历程分为两步:LAS先被氧化降解为小分子的有机物(中间产物),接着,中间产物被无机化。经过120min的电解反应,中间产物的残留量较少。UV光谱分析证明石墨电极电解体系能够将LAS中的苯基氧化破坏。     

太湖出流河道藻颗粒变化及其水质效应

河湖连通是保障城市水体水生态健康的一种常用工程手段,但对于蓝藻水华严重的湖泊,湖泊出流携带的藻团颗粒会对河道水质产生明显的影响.为了分析富营养化湖泊引水对受水河道水质的影响程度,以太湖梅梁湾连通河道梁溪河为例,连续3a开展夏季河道蓝藻颗粒通量及其水质的高频监测,分析河道蓝藻水华颗粒物通量变化规律及其对河道水质的影响强度...