湿法FGD湿烟囱工艺的问题及对策

介绍了湿法FGD湿烟囱工艺的可行性和选择该工艺时应考虑的问题，并提出了湿烟道、湿烟囱设计的基本要求。     

影响聚磷菌与聚糖菌竞争的关键因素研究进展

增强生物除磷（EBPR）是一种高效、经济的除磷工艺,然而在某些条件下聚糖菌的过量繁殖导致除磷效果恶化。文章阐述了影响聚磷菌和聚糖菌生长的关键因素,从而可以选择性的培养聚磷菌并使其处于竞争优势,这对于提高EBPR的除磷效果、增强工艺的稳定性具有重要的意义。     

浅谈氨氮废水处理技术

介绍了氨氮废水的来源和危害,以及主要的氨氮废水处理技术。     

制药废水硝化-反硝化除氮研究

含高浓度氮的制药废水经好氧生化处理后,虽然出水的ＣＯＤ,ＢＯＤ５均可达到行业排放标准,但ＴＮ仍高达约１７０ｍｇ／Ｌ。本研究在曝气池中设置填料,利用生物膜外层好氧,内层缺氧厌氧的条件,使硝化－反硝化脱氮在同一构筑物内进行,ＮＨ３－Ｎ和ＴＮ去除率分别可达约９０％和７０％。在本试验条件范围内,温度越高,负荷越低,硝化和反硝化作用越完全,ＮＨ３－Ｎ和ＴＮ去除率越高。     

烟气除尘脱硫一体化产物氧化特性研究

简述了石灰湿法烟气除尘脱硫一体化的工艺过程,通过工程试验并结合实验室小型试验,重点探讨石灰湿法烟气除尘脱硫一体化条件,脱硫产物亚硫酸盐的氧化过程及其影响因素。     

Long Term Trends in Sulphur and Nitrogen Deposition in Europe and the Cause of Non-linearities

Emissions of sulphur and oxidized nitrogen compounds in Europe have been reduced following a series of control measures during the last two decades. These changes have taken place during a period in which the primary gases and the wet deposition throughout Europe were extensively monitored. Since the end of the 1970s, for example land based sulphur emissions declined by between 90 and 70% depending on the region. Over the same period the total deposition of sulphur and its partitioning into wet and dry deposition have declined, but the spatial pattern in the reduction in deposition differs from that of emission and has changed with time. Such non-linearities in the emission-deposition relationship are important to understand as they complicate the process of assessing the effects of emission reduction strategies. Observed non-linearities in terrestrial sulphur emission-deposition patterns have been identified in north west Europe due to increases in marine emissions, and are currently slowing the recovery of freshwater ecosystems. Changes in the relative amounts of SO₂ and NH₃ in air over the last two decades have also changed the affinity of terrestrial surfaces for SO₂ and have therefore changed the deposition velocity of SO₂ over substantial areas. The consequence of this effect has been the very rapid reduction in ambient SO₂ concentration in some of the major source areas of Europe, where NH₃ did not change much. Interactions between the different pollutants, generating non-linearities are now being incorporated in long-range transport models to simulate the effects of historical emission trends and to provide projections into the future. This paper identifies non-linearities in emission deposition relationships for sulphur and nitrogen compounds in Europe using data from the EMEP long-rang transport model and measured concentration fields of the major ions in precipitation and of SO₂ and NO₂ in surface air.     

生态工程综合治理系统对农业小流域氮磷污染的治理效应

以典型农业小流域——开慧河流域源区为研究对象,基于研究区农业面源污染的主要排放特征,建立以生态湿地为主的小流域面源污染生态工程综合治理系统,重点探讨其对水体氮磷污染物的去除效果.结果表明,畜禽养殖业是开慧河流域源区水体氮磷污染物的主要来源,需要重点防控.组合生态湿地处理工程对农村分散式生活与养殖混合废水总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)的平均去除率为87. 1%和90. 9%;多级人工湿地拦截工程对农田排水与分散式养殖混合废水TN、TP的平均去除率为85. 7%和84. 9%;景观型生态湿地净化工程对末端汇水区水体中TN、TP的去除率在27. 1%～67. 4%和13. 3%～81. 5%之间.整个生态工程综合治理系统对流域TN和TP污染物的总拦截量分别为5 292 kg·a~(-1)和1 054 kg·a~(-1),占研究区农业面源TN、TP总污染负荷的35. 3%和43. 6%.因此,构建的生态工程综合治理系统对流域农业面源氮磷污染具有较好的治理效应,适合在我国南方小流域水环境治理中推广应用.     

城市污水生物脱氮除磷机理研究进展

介绍了生物脱氮、除磷的基本原理，综述了国内上关于城市污水脱氮除磷机理方面的研究现状和进展，并对今后开展这方面的研究提出展望 。     

潜流人工湿地处理微污染河道水中有机物和氮的净化效率及沿程变化

摘要：以野外水平潜流芦苇砾石床人工湿地研究了湿地对微污染河道水的长期动态净化特性。2a多的运行结果表明,潜流湿地对污染物的去除性能存在波动、稳定过程。潜流湿地降解有机物和脱氮性能与植物生长和季节变化相关,其中植物生长和季节变化对湿地脱氮效能的影响大于对湿地去除有机物的影响。潜流湿地降解有机物的主要场所随运行时间沿程推移,启动期主要在湿地前部完成,稳定运行期主要在湿地的前、中部完成。湿地对有机物的去除率,在6.10%～37.83%之间变化。湿地运行期间,沿程水样C/N值基本大于5,碳源供应较充足。潜流湿地启动期TN平均去除率为15.51%,稳定运行期TN平均去除率为8.61%,低于启动期,整个运行期间湿地TN去除率不足40%。潜流湿地中硝化与反硝化反应在中部达到动态平衡,TN去除效率最高。稳定运行期间潜流湿地的前、中部耗氧强度最大,后部下层有明显硝化反应发生。潜流湿地对有机物降解、硝化与反硝化反应、TN去除具有沿程同步性。试验还初步发现,在植物生长旺盛的春夏季根系分泌的低分子有机酸对化能自养型硝化细菌可能有较大抑制作用,可能是影响脱氮效率提高的一个因素。     

曝气量和盐度对硝化型颗粒污泥脱氮速率及粒径分布的影响

采用SBR反应器,在交替缺氧/好氧模式下处理低C/N生活污水,考察曝气量、盐度对短程硝化好氧颗粒污泥脱氮速率及粒径分布的影响.结果表明,在25 ℃、pH为7.5~8.0条件下,当进水NH₄⁺-N为65 mg·L^-1时,控制曝气量分别为8.75、12.50和16.25 L·h^-1·L^-1,在第35、24和23个周期时NH₄⁺-N去除率分别高达95.49%、98.46%和98.54%,选取12.50 L·h^-1·L^-1为最佳曝气量.控制在最佳曝气量条件下,当盐度为0时,NH₄⁺-N去除率及亚硝积累率分别为98.46%和90.42%;在盐度为5.0%时,NH₄⁺-N去除率和亚硝积累率分别为98.34%和96.71%.当曝气量从8.75 L·h^-1·L^-1提升为16.25 L·h^-1·L^-1,颗粒污泥平均粒径由170 μm增大为231.5 μm;控制曝气量在12.5 L·h^-1·L^-1,增加盐度至5.0%,颗粒污泥平均粒径由231 μm下降至156 μm,其占比由40.50%增加到48.26%.