自然灾害软风险区划图模式研究

如何表达风险值估计不准,是深层次风险区划研究的问题.将模糊风险研究引向自然灾害风险区划领域,探讨了风险值估计不准条件下自然灾害风险区划的图型模式.给出了一种带有“层次“结构的“多值的“的自然灾害风险区划图图型模式.这是应用软计算的思想和方法得到的一种自然灾害风险区划图,我们称之为自然灾害软风险区划图.自然灾害软风险区划图不仅提供了表达风险值估计不准这一信息,而且提供了风险信息的可靠性,为改进自然灾害风险区划提供一种新的思路.     

大兴安岭野生浆果开发中的生态灾害

以大兴安岭塔河林业局为例,在对研究区野生浆果分布进行调查的基础上,根据该地区的环境特点和野生浆果的生物学特征,估算了该区野生浆果的自然产量,并以此为依据对野生浆果开发可能产生的生态环境灾害进行了影响分析.针对该区自然条件严酷、生态系统比较脆弱、环境容量较小等特点,提出了保护该区生物资源可持续利用的替代方案和切实可行的建议.     

清原县山野菜资源的开发利用

本文通过对辽东清原县山野莱的资源条件、开发利用现状和市场的分析，提出了山野菜资源的开发设想和保证措施，以提进当地农业的发展．     

WILD RIVERS - METHODS FOR EVALUATION1

ABSTRACT: Two analytical methods are presented and demonstrated for evaluating the monetary and nonmonetary benefits of wild rivers. In the traditional benefit-cost context special techniques are required to show that any wild river is worthy of preservation. The methods presented allow for the possibility of low development levels in river basins to be optimal, although advanced development can also be shown to be most efficient in some circumstances. That is, the methods are not directed to the wild condition only but to the entire spectrum of development possibilities. The applications of the methods to two adjacent subbasins in the State of Washington each showed that the currently undeveloped basin should be left in its wild condition, while the partially developed basin next door should be developed even more fully.     

皖东地区野韭菜的开发与利用

文章介绍了野韭菜的基本生物特性，综合分析了其食用价值和潜在的药用价值，提出了野韭菜开发利用的基本对策。     

福建晋江地震地质灾害分区

收集了晋江市大量的工程地质勘察资料,针对晋江市区场地工程地质条件,从地震地质背景、历史震害的影响出发,依照相应规范和地质类比等方法,通过对晋江市区地震砂土液化、软土震陷、地震边坡效应、地震断层破坏效应的评判,结合地层、地形地貌分布情况,进行了震害效应分区.     

埋地塑料排水管在市政工程中的应用及存在问题

分析了埋地塑料排水管的发展背景,介绍了当前常见埋地塑料排水管的种类、性能等特点,指出了塑料管材在市政排水工程应用中存在的问题及解决办法,预测了我国埋地塑料排水管发展趋势和前景.     

寒区湿地软土固结变形特性试验研究

软土的成因不同,其工程性质存在着一定的差异,路基的固结沉降也不一样。为了研究寒区湿地软土固结变形特性,弄清其固结和次固结系数变化规律,对两类软土进行了单向固结压缩试验。试验结果表明,软土在不同的固结压力作用下,其孔隙比-时间对数曲线展布特征有较大的不同,说明固结压力对寒区湿地软土的主、次固结的划分有影响;寒区湿地软土主固结系数随固结压力的增大而减小,次固结系数随固结压力的增大而增大,最后两者都趋于稳定。     

Effect of biosurfactant[0] on the sorption of phenanthrene onto original and H2O2-treated soils

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of biosurfactant on sorption of phenanthrene (PHE) onto the original or H2O2-treated black loamy soil (typic isohumisols) and red sandy soil (typic ferralisols). The sorption isotherms were performed with the original and "soft" carbon-removed soils in the presence and absence of biosurfactant (200 mg/L). The sorption and degradation of biosurfactant were investigated. The result showed that organic matter played an important role in PHE sorption onto the black loamy and red sandy soils, and the PHE sorption isotherms on the "soft" carbon-removed soils exhibited more nonlinearity than those on the original soils. The values of partition coefficient (Kd) on the original black loamy soil with or without 200 mg/L biosurfactant were 181.6 and 494.5 mL/g, respectively. Correspondingly, in the red sandy soil, Kd was 246.4 and 212.8 mL/g in the presence or absence of biosurfactant, respectively. The changes of Kd suggested that biosurfactant inhibited PHE sorption onto the black loamy soil, but facilitated PHE sorption onto the red sandy soil. The nonlinearity of PHE sorption isotherm was decreased in the presence of biosurfactant. Site specific sorption might occur during PHE sorption onto both the original and the "soft" carbon-removed soils in the presence of biosurfactant. It was noted that biosurfactant could also be sorbed onto soils. The maximal sorption capacity of the red sandy soil for biosurfactant was (76.9 ± 0.007) μg/g, which was 1.31 times that of black loamy soil. Biosurfactant was degraded quickly in the two selected soils, and 92% of biosurfactant were mineralized throughout the incubation experiment for 7 d. It implied that biosurfactant should be added frequently when the remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated soils was conducted through PAH desorption approach facilitated by biosurfactant.     

使用变频器、软启动器与缓闭止回阀相结合的办法消除停泵水锤

根据某自来水厂水泵运行中出现的水锤问题,对取水泵房、送水泵房、反冲洗泵房出现的水锤问题进行了分析、试验,针对不同的情况,通过使用变频器、软启动器与缓闭止回阀相结合的办法,减小或消除了停泵水锤。