风电场噪声影响模拟方法研究

以浙江沿海某海岛风电场为例,在做好风电场噪声监测数据质量保证的基础上,分析风电场噪声等效声级和距离的关系模型,运用GIS的空间分析功能对研究区的噪声影响进行预测和叠加分析,模拟得到10 m/s风速时风电场噪声的噪声空间影响分布,并提出风机在不同运行工况时风电场噪声的模拟方法和防治措施。该研究为风电场噪声影响分析和管理部门提供参考。     

风电场风机噪声监测方法初探

据现场实测,风电场300 m范围内社会噪声测值水平较低,且昼夜变化较小,对风电场背景噪声贡献不大;风机停运时背景噪声值随风速递增,二者之间存在较好的多项式回归性。在测得风机运行时噪声值和测点风速的情况下,根据回归方程式得到背景噪声,当风机运行时测得的噪声值与背景噪声之差大于1.5 dB(A)时,可以运用噪声叠加原理计算风机噪声,并且其计算误差在可接受范围之内。     

青藏高原典型高寒森林地带CH4浓度特征分析

基于波长扫描光腔衰荡光谱线监测系统在海螺沟国家大气背景站(以下简称海螺沟站)开展甲烷(CH_4)连续自动监测,通过局部近似回归法进行背景值筛分分析。结果表明:2016、2017年海螺沟站CH_4年均体积分数和筛分的背景体积分数接近,两者浓度水平与北半球中纬度地区全球本底站CH_4浓度水平相当;海螺沟站CH_4能够代表背景区域浓度水平。海螺沟站CH_4体积分数呈春、夏季低,秋、冬季高特征,季节变化主要受到特定的地理环境和大气环流的影响,大气环流占主导影响。夏季CH_4体积分数最低但日振幅最大,与高原高海拔背景下森林地带的辐射对流引起局地扩散作用有关。采用逐步逼近回归筛分CH_4监测数据,海螺沟站CH_4背景季浓度变化和北半球中高纬度地区其他背景站大气CH_4的季节变化特征以及CH_4季体积分数振幅基本一致。背景站四季的CH_4载荷贡献在16个风向分布结果表明,在春、夏季存在西风带下南亚方向污染物气团的远距离输送;青藏高原东部近地面在冬季处于反气旋冷高压控制下,而SSW方向风向能够短暂打破这种稳定的气象条件,污染物得到迅速扩散,SSW为负贡献。     

An improved model for heavy gas dispersion using time-varying wind data: Mathematical basis,physical assumptions,and case studies

This study developed an improved model for the dispersion of released toxic gases, SLABi, based on the widely used model SLAB. Two major improvements enhanced the model's ability to represent observations. First, SLAB was upgraded to account for temporal variation in wind vectors. Thus, real-time changes in meteorological conditions can be considered in dispersion forecasting. Second, a source term module was developed and embedded in SLABi to standardize the procedure of emission calculation. Both the standard SLAB model and the SLABi model were applied to a case study to evaluate the impact of time-varying winds on the dispersion of released gases. The results showed that meteorology has a significant influence on the dispersion of released gases. The SLABi model can provide decision makers with timely and accurate guidance, so as to minimize hazards to people and the environment.     

Evaluating Experience with Renewables Portfolio Standards in the United States

Increased use of renewable energy is one of several promising methods for reducing emissions of local, regional, and global air pollutants, including greenhouse gas emissions associated with fossil-fuel based electricity production. Among the available options for encouraging renewable electricity generation, the renewables portfolio standard (RPS) has become especially popular in recent years. The RPS is a newly established policy mechanism, however, and experience with its use has not been widely documented and evaluated. This paper describes and evaluates the design, impacts, and early experience of 13 U.S. state RPS policies. These 13 policies share a common goal of encouraging renewable energy supply, but each specific RPS is designed differently. Our evaluation shows both successes and failures with this policy mechanism; some state RPS policies are positively impacting renewable energy development, while others have been poorly designed and will do little to advance renewable energy markets.We emphasize the importance of policy design details, and specifically highlight critical design pitfalls that have been commonly experienced. Though experience with the RPS is still limited, we have now gained some knowledge of the conditions and design features necessary to make an RPS policy work. An important objective of this article is therefore to identify and describe broad policy design principles and specific best practice design elements that might be used to guide the design of future renewables portfolio standards.     

滇池风场的基本特征分析

采用滇池周围气象站和一期高密度的地面风观测资料，初步分析了不同季节滇池风场的基本特征和风场的日变化情况，并给出了滇池风场的4种环流型结构。即湖风环流型，陆风环流型，偏西风环流型和偏东风环流型。     

超声技术在水处理上的研究进展

介绍了超声技术在水处理上的研究现状和进展，综述了各种影响因素包括超声场，初始浓度，超声时间，初始pH值，空化气体，温度和反应器结构等对超声降解效果的影响以及国内外该技术在水处理方面的应用，并提出了发展的方向。     

电弧喷涂技术的研究状况及发展方向

从分析目前电弧喷涂技术的原理、喷涂用材、喷涂设备、喷涂工艺等方面出发,论述了该技术的发展状况和发展方向。     

国外大城市的交通发展模式及其借鉴

国外大城市的交通存在两种模式——公共交通与小汽车交通模式，通过对这两种模式的比较，并结合中国实际情况。指出中国城市交通的发展方向。     

南岭及其邻区多金属成矿条件与开发方向

本文在前人工作的基础之上,对南岭及其邻区的地层、岩浆岩、变质岩和构造综合研究与对比分析后认为,该区成矿条件优越,成矿条件复杂,表现出多金属矿产的共生性与伴生性。开发方向应该充分利用这两个特性,依靠科技,实行投资倾斜,减少资金沉淀,加强综合找矿、综合开采、综合冶炼、综合加工。在提高资源增值率,扩大经济效益的同时保护生态环境,完善产业结构与生产力布局,尽快地把该地区建成有色、稀有、黑色金属工业基地。