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31.
4种人工湿地填料对磷的吸附特性分析 总被引:14,自引:6,他引:8
采用等温吸附、吸附动力学、填料饱和吸附后磷素释放实验,研究了紫色土、河沙、页岩、石灰岩对磷的吸附特征,结果表明Langmuir和Freundlich等温吸附方程均能很好地拟合各填料对磷的吸附特征,各填料对磷的最大吸附量大小顺序依次为石灰岩(666.67 mg/kg)河沙(500.00 mg/kg)页岩(434.78 mg/kg)紫色土(416.67 mg/kg);从反应速率来看,吸附过程都可分为快、中、慢3个阶段;相对一级动力学方程、双常数方程而言,Elovich方程对4种填料的吸附动力学特征拟合最好,决定系数R~2在0.831~0.966之间;从磷的解吸率来看,各填料释磷大小顺序依次为河沙(4.257%)页岩(3.803%)石灰岩(3.638%)紫色土(2.134%)。综合考察得出,石灰岩更适合作为人工湿地污水除磷的填料。 相似文献
32.
曝气条件对串联潜流人工湿地净污效果的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
选取砾石、炉渣和沸石作为级配基质,构建由三级串联的潜流人工湿地模型,研究了针对三级串联的潜流人工湿地,不同曝气位置和曝气量对人工模拟污水净化效果的影响,并对两个影响因素进行二维方差分析,对曝气条件进行了优选。选取表层曝气、中层曝气、底层曝气3种曝气位置和气水体积比3∶1、6∶1、9∶1的3种曝气量。运行结果表明:曝气后,NH3-N和COD去除率上升,NH3-N去除率由7.80%最高提升到23.79%,COD去除率由5.42%最高提升至23.04%,但PO3-4-P去除率下降,由24.32%最低降至9.76%。优选的曝气位置是底层曝气,优选的气水体积比是6∶1,此时NH3-N、COD、PO3-4-P去除率分别是21.21%、23.04%、13.54%。曝气位置和曝气量的交互作用对NH3-N和COD去除率有显著影响,对PO3-4-P去除率影响不显著。 相似文献
33.
MDAT-IAT同步脱氮除磷工艺活性污泥在不同基质中的厌氧释磷特性研究 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
对改进型MDATIAT(ModifiedDemandedAerationTankIntermittentAerationTank)同步脱氮除磷工艺中活性污泥在不同基质下的厌氧释磷特性进行了研究.在葡萄糖、甲酸钠、乙酸钠和丙酸钠4种单一基质中,活性污泥厌氧释磷量分别为1.58、3.55、3.04和1.86mg·L-1;释磷速率分别达到0.02、0.05、0.15和0.10mg·L-1·min-1.另外,在葡萄糖、甲酸钠、乙酸钠和丙酸钠组成的混合基质中的活性污泥厌氧释磷试验结果表明,混合基质中活性污泥释磷量和释磷速率均大于4种单一基质中的释磷量和释磷速率,分别达到8.51mg·L-1和0.31mg·L-1·min-1. 相似文献
34.
The effects of different substrates on the aerobic granulation process were studied using laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). Four parallel granules sequencing batch reactors (GSBR): R1, R2, R3, and R4 were fed with acetate, glucose, peptone and fecula, respectively. Stable aerobic granules were successfully cultivated in R1, R2, R4, and smaller granules less than 500 μm were formed in R3. Morphology and the physic-chemical characteristics of aerobic granules fed with different carbon substrates were investigated by the four reactors operated under the same pressure. The aerobic granules in the four reactors were observed and found that peptone was the most stable one due to its good settleability even after a sludge age as short as 10 d. A strong correlation was testified between the characteristics of aerobic granules and the properties of carbon substrates. The stability of aerobic granules was affected by extracellular polymer substances (EPS) derived from microorganism growth during feast time fed with different carbon substrates, and the influence of the property of storage substance was greater than that of its quantity. Optimal carbon substrates, which are helpful in the cultivation and retention of well-settling granules and in the enhancement of the overall ability of the aerobic granules reactors, were found. 相似文献
35.
选取钢渣、活性炭、天然沸石、粗砂4种基质,结合矿物成分分析研究其对磷的等温吸附特征和吸附动力学过程,并考察pH值对其吸附磷的影响.结果表明:活性炭、天然沸石、粗砂的等温吸附特征与Freundlich方程拟合较好(r>0.9);而钢渣更符合Langmuir方程.其吸附能力大小为:钢渣>活性炭>沸石>粗砂.沸石、粗砂对磷酸盐的吸附以物理吸附为主,钢渣以化学吸附为主,而活性炭在前期以物理吸附为主,后期则以化学吸附为主.Elovich方程和双常数速率方程能较好的反映4种基质对磷的吸附动力学特征.pH值的变化对钢渣的吸附性影响不大,沸石在酸性及弱碱性条件下对磷的吸附性相当,活性炭在pH3~13吸附量维持在190mg/kg左右,粗砂在pH3时吸附量达最大,综合而言,在土地处理系统的实际应用中,选取钢渣可获取最佳的除磷效果. 相似文献
36.
Bo Zhang Yongan Lu Hong He Jianguo Wang Changbin Zhang Yunbo Yu Li Xue 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(4):681-686
The adsorption and desorption of N2O on main-group ion-exchanged ZSM-5 was studied using temperature-programmed desorption
(TPD) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. TPD experiments were carried out to determine the desorbed temperature Tmax
corresponding to the maximum mass intensity of N2O desorption peak and adsorption capacity of N2O on metal-ion-exchanged ZSM-
5s. The results indicated that Tmax followed a sequence of Ba2+ > Ca2+ > Cs+ > K+ > Na+ > Mg2+and the amount of adsorbed N2O
on main-group metal cation followed a sequence of Ba2+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > Na+ > K+ > Cs+. The DFT calculations were performed
to obtain the adsorption energy (Eads), which represents the strength of the interaction between metal cations and the N-end or O-end
of N2O. The calculation results showed that the N-end of the N2O molecule was favorably adsorbed on ion-exchanged ZSM-5, except
for Cs-ZSM-5. For alkali metal cations, the Eads of N2O on cations followed the order which was the same to that of Tmax: Cs+ > K+
> Na+. The calculated and experimental results consistently showed that the adsorption performances of alkaline-earth metal cations
were better than those of alkali metal cations. 相似文献
37.
格宾护岸填料类型对河道自净能力的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
选择花岗岩块石、卵石和废建筑砌块3种材料作为格宾填料,研究不同填料在模拟河道中对河水水质净化效果的影响。结果表明,随着实验装置运行时间的延长,各填料对N、P营养盐及有机物的去除能力均有不同程度的提高;3种填料中,卵石相较于其他2种填料对NH3-N、TOC和DOC的去除能力保持在较高的水平,运行26 d后分别达65.26%、71.06%和78.06%;3种填料在实验装置运行初期对TP都有较好的去除效果,运行12 d后,花岗岩块石、卵石、废建筑砌块对TP的去除率分别达89.20%、91.05%和94.71%;卵石表面附着的微生物脂磷含量及脱氢酶活性分别为53.43 nmol P/cm3、10.67μg TF/(h.cm3),均显著高于其他2种填料(p<0.05),其表面较高的微生物量及酶活性有利于对氮素及有机物的去除。 相似文献
38.
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40.
Shawn E. Rosenquist W. Cully Hession Matthew J. Eick David H. Vaughan 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2011,47(4):800-812
Rosenquist, Shawn E., W. Cully Hession, Matthew J. Eick, and David H. Vaughan, 2011. Field Application of a Renewable Constructed Wetland Substrate for Phosphorus Removal. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 47(4):800‐812. DOI: 10.1111/j.1752‐1688.2011.00557.x Abstract: Phosphorus (P) is typically the best target to prevent eutrophication in freshwater, a biological process associated with water quality degradation. Constructed wetlands (CW) and other practices that include P removal by sorption processes in substrates can provide economical treatment of stormwater, but have limitations (e.g., large land requirements, loss of removal over time, lack of P recovery). Over the last three years, a multi‐study research program addressed these limitations with a new P management concept. This concept minimizes CW size with a rejuvenation cycle (or rejuvenation) that renews P‐sorption capacity in the CW substrates and enables P recovery for productive use. This study, conducted in Blacksburg, Virginia (July‐September 2009), tested the efficacy of rejuvenation in the field. Methods included replicate cells of two sand substrates monitored for P removal during prerejuvenation and postrejuvenation filtration runs. One substrate contained cast iron filings as a repository for sorption capacity. Results support the following conclusions: (1) P removal is likely dependent on multiple factors including influent P concentration, previous substrate/solution equilibrium, pH, and time; (2) rejuvenation is capable of releasing P adsorbed during stormwater filtration; (3) inclusion of cast iron in substrate promotes additional P removal and enables further removal after rejuvenation; but (4) inclusion of cast iron may limit release of P during rejuvenation. 相似文献