西藏公路建设过程中的生态保护

针对西藏独特的高原生态环境特征，分析了公路建设的生态影响，提出了不同生态系统类型的生态恢复和保护措施。     

西藏高原土壤－植物系统元素分布特征研究

讨论了西藏高原３６种元素的植物含量水平及其在土壤－植物系统的分布特征、影响因素．利用吸收系数和统计分析的方法，定量描述了植物对土壤不同元素的吸收、富集能力．研究结果表明，在西藏高原的土壤－植物系统中，亲硫元素和碱金属、碱土金属元素的生物地球化学行为较亲铁元素活跃，植物元素的类型划分和元素的地球化学行为密切相关．     

黄土洞穴的环境灾害效应

黄土洞穴本身是一种地质灾害,对黄土地区的运输、管道、拦蓄水工程、厂房、民居等各类工业与民用建筑构成不同程度威胁;还可促发其它地质灾害的发生和发展,恶化黄土高原地区的生态环境和地质环境。文章根据野外和室内研究所积累的资料,对黄土洞穴的地质灾害效应以及环境变化效应进行了初步研究。其研究成果不仅为黄土洞穴工程灾害的防治提供科学依据,而且还可进一步了解黄土地区水土流失的发育规律及其第四纪以来的地质环境变化状况。     

8级大震的预测研究讨论

两个8级地震的预测在某种程度上被验证了。一个是 2001 年11月14 日昆仑山口西 8.1 级大震,另一个是 2003年9 月27日中蒙俄交界处的7.9 级地震(矩震级为 8级)。基于月球最北直下点的引潮力触发效应和8级大震的三性法分析,我们预测在2005～2008年间,西藏南部和附近地区可能再次发生 8级大震。     

The effects of land use and its patterns on soil properties in a small catchment of the Loess Plateau

Due to relatively strong human activities in the hilly area of Loess Plateau,the natural vegetation has been destroyed,and landscape pattern based on agricultural land matrix was land use mosaic composing of shrub land,grassland,woolland and orchard.This pattern has an important effect on soil moisture and soil nutrients.The Danangou catchment,a typical small catchment,was selected to study the effects of land use and its patterns on soil moisture and nutrients in this paper.The results are as follows:The comparisons of soil moisture among seven land uses for wet year and dry year were performed:(1)the average of soil moisture content for whole catchment was 12.11% in wet year,while it was 9.37% in dry year;(2)soil moisture among seven land uses was significantly different in dry year,but not in wet year;(3) form wet year to dry year,the profile type of soil moisture changed from decreasing type to fluctuation-type and from fluctuant type to increasing type;(4)the increasing trend in soil moisture from the top to foot of hillslope occurred in simple land use along slope,while complicated distribution of soil moisture was observed in multiple land uses along slope.The relationships between soil nutrients and land uses and landscape positions were analysed:(1)five nutrient contents of soil organic matter(SOM),total N(TN),available N(AN),total P(TP) and available P(AP) in hilly area were lower than that in other areas.SOM content was less than 1%,TN content less than 0.07%,and TP fallow land and cropland,and higher level in soil fertility was found in crop-fruit intercropping land among croplands;(3)soil nutrient distribution and responses to landscape positions were variable depending on slope and the location of land use types.     

The spatial and temporal distribution of total ozone over China

In this paper the grid data of total ozone mapping spectrograph (TOMS) installed on Nimbus-7 satellite (1978 to 1994) was used and the spatial and temporal distribution of total ozone over China was analyzed. The research indicates that the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau destroyed the latitudinal distribution of total ozone of China and the low value closed center emerged over Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Long time change trends of seasonal total ozone of Qinghai-Tibet plateau are provided. It shows that the most obvious decrease of total ozone occurs in winter (Jan.), then in summer (Jul.), the relevant slow change occurs in autumn (Oct.) and spring (Apr.).     

论若尔盖高原泥炭赋存规律成矿类型及资源储量

本文指出若尔盖高原是中国最大泥炭分布区,共有泥炭地 442块,泥炭面积4605.28km²,容积储量为 7361.67×10⁸m³大地构造、地貌和气候是 3个基本控矿因素,并划分出3个成矿带和4个泥炭成矿类及所属12个成矿型（亚类）。     

西藏食物保障度分析及对策

食物保障是西藏社会性经济可持续发展重要问题之一。分析表明，西藏食物保障度及目标因食物种类而异。尽管粮食总产及单产均持续增长，但结构性短缺问题难以解决，粮食保障不应过分强调自给率目标；肉类中羊肉自给，但猪肉基本依靠内地；蔬菜保障存在生产不稳定问题，如何提高生产的稳定性是问题的关键。对居民营养摄入量及结构的分析表明，城乡居民食物消费结构及来源结构有较大差异，城镇居民食物消费与内地差异不大，而乡村居民的食物消费呈现极显著的本地化特征；分析还表明，城乡居民生活支出中有一半以上用于食物，表明收入和生活水平还不高，特别要关注低收入居民的食物问题。为此，粮食不应继续作为食物保障的重点，重点应在鲜活食物的保障；建立包括开放食物流通系统和开放食物生产系统在内的开放的食物保障系统；改善交通运输条件、增进食物空间可达性，包括增进食物生产资料空间可达性和改善畜产品外销通径；增强储备意识和能力：保障贫困人口食物供给：广辟食物来源。     

青藏铁路工程对高原生态环境的影响

分析了青藏铁路工程建设生态环境的特点，探讨了青藏铁路建设对沿线冻融侵蚀、植被、冻土上限、沙漠化以及野生动物的影响，最后提出了铁路建设过程中的一些环境保护意义。