Genetic and Environmental Effects Assessment in Scots Pine Provenances Planted in Central Siberia

Scots pine provenance trials were established in 1964 in forest-steppe and in 1974 in southern taiga zones of Central Siberia from seeds collected over whole Russia. Tree-ring characteristics (radial growth and density chronologies) from 12 and 16 provenances planted in those plantations were measured densitometrically. Tree-ring analysis revealed a retention of a genetically fixed response to climatic factors proper to pines' origin. Trees from higher latitudes keep the orientation towards accelerated growth at the beginning of a growing season, which is followed by a rapid transition to formation of latewood cells and deceleration of growth earlier, than in medium-latitude trees. Main climatic factors controlling tree-rings formation differed slightly between different provenances within plantations. Genetically fixed ability of the provenances are not great (less than 15%), that proves high adaptability of pines to abrupt climatic change. Tree-ring formation of Scots pine provenances is mainly determined by the environmental factors.     

天山云杉和西伯利亚落叶松的树轮气候记录

利用天山北坡中东部高海拔森林的6个树轮宽度年表，通过相关函数和响应分析，结果表明：生长在该地区的天山云杉和西伯利亚落叶松对气候要素的响应模式都与“普遍认为森林上限的树木生长主要受气温影响”有着显著的差异。天山北坡中部的天山云杉对气温和降水都有较好的响应关系。天山东部巴里坤森林上限附近生长的西伯利亚落叶松的生长与气候的相关显示：5月平均气温和5月降水量对树木生长影响最大（都呈显著负相关），春季（3-5月）降水量、生长季（4-9月）降水量和全年降水量以及湿润指数都与树木生长呈显著负相关，这与祁连山中部森林上限青海云杉主要受水分限制表现出了较好的一致性，同时也说明同处于干旱半干旱区森林上限的不同树种对气候变化的响应具有相同的区域性特征。