The territorial dimension of environmental sustainability in Italy along the urban–rural continuum

Single territories contribute in different ways to the transition towards a more environmentally sustainable development (SD), according to their structural features. This study returns a multi-dimensional picture of the territorial divides of environmental sustainability across Italy, analysing how it correlates with rurality, with a focus on the urban–rural continuum. Italy represents an interesting case study because of its peculiar territorial urban–rural structure. We first assess the environmental sustainability targets across Italian NUTS 3 regions and their capital cities using two composite sustainability indexes, by referring to both standard values (i.e. conforming to legislation) and optimum values (i.e. desired values). Then, we investigate the relationship between environmental sustainability and rurality. Results suggest that a positive link between the two exists, being stronger at city level. Among major policy implications, the environmental dimensions of territorial cohesion should be integrated more strongly in key European policies to reach a more balanced SD.     

海南岛潜在震源区的研究

本文应用人工神经网络原理,以地震构造和地震活动性为主要特征,对我国海南岛进行了潜在震源区的定量划分。这种划分既反映了当前人们对地震发生规律的认识水平,又为城建部门按照工程重要性和使用年限选取相应的抗震设计参数提供了依据。     

基于模糊模式识别理论的灾害损失等级划分

从模糊模式识别理论的角度,探讨了自然灾害的等级划分方法。介绍了模糊综合评判法,并以新疆“９６．７”洪水灾度等级划分为例进行实例分析,计算了新疆“９６．７”洪水灾害中部分地州市模糊灾度等级序列及其隶属度。结果表明,在自然灾害等级划分中,模糊综合评判是一种科学、实用的灾度等级划分方法。     

基于Kinect的地铁乘客不安全行为识别方法与实验*

为解决地铁视频监控技术对乘客不安全行为只记录不识别且较少考虑识别精确度的问题,提出1种基于Kinect传感器的高效识别方法。以Pelvis为向量起点和动作活动高频关节为终点构建识别特征向量;运用余弦定理获得标准动作与测试动作关节的最大角度差序列;以最大角度差为动作特征量建立相似度计算模型,运用动态时间规整算法（DTW）将初始结果转换为动作相似度。以相连关节法为对照组开展对比实验,结果表明:前者在抽烟、挥拳、挥手呼救等行为识别的准确度分别为91.7%,86.9%,89.2%,平均比对照组高4%以上,显著提高了地铁乘客不安全行为的识别率,可为地铁智能安全管控提供理论与技术依据。     

基于谱特征的数字信号调制方式识别

根据谱相关函数理论和对常见的数字信号的谱相关函数及特征平面图分析,提出了几种可用于调制方式识别的特征参数,讨论了利用这些特征参数进行调制识别的方法和过程。仿真表明,这种方法有很好的识别效果。     

秦皇岛市旅游管理体制现状与改革研究

秦皇岛市旅游管理体制存在法律、法规不健全,管理体制不明确等问题,因此有必要借鉴日本、英国、泰国先进的旅游管理经验,结合秦皇岛市实际,对秦皇岛市旅游管理体制进行改革,建立全新的"三级两线"旅游管理体制。     

In vitro toxic effects of heavy metals on fungal growth and phosphate-solubilising abilities of isolates obtained from Phragmites australis rhizosphere

In this research, we evaluated the toxic effect of metal ions on mycelial growth and phosphate-solubilising activity of soil-borne micromycetes isolated from the Phragmites australis rhizosphere using Pikovskaya-agar plates supplemented with four metal concentrations. The diameter growth rate (DGR) decreased as the metal concentration rise for all tested fungi. Trichoderma atroviride had the fastest growth rate (1.48?cm²?day^?1) and was the least susceptible to Al³⁺, Cd²⁺, Cr³⁺, Cu²⁺ and Pb²⁺ with a median effective concentration (MEC₅₀) of 12.19, 0.48, 4.51, 11.44 and 50.05?mM, respectively. Aspergillus japonicus was the most tolerant to Co²⁺, Ni²⁺ and Zn²⁺, with MEC₅₀ values of 3.36, 1.095 and 2.34?mM, respectively. Penicillium italicum was the most tolerant to Cr6⁺ (MEC₅₀?=?0.677?mM). The ability to solubilise phosphate remained, despite the decrease in the DGR, and P. italicum and Penicillium dipodomyicola had the highest Phosphate Solubilisation Indexes (PSIs) at 1.97 and 2.12, respectively. In particular, P. italicum recorded the highest PSI of all the studied isolates at 0.62?mM Cr³⁺ (PSI?=?4.74). A. japonicus and T. atroviride were the most tolerant isolates to all tested metals, which suggests that these isolates are promising candidates for further study with regard to mycoremediation and biofertilisation of metal-polluted soils.     

基于DSP虹膜识别防疲劳驾驶报警系统的研究

防止疲劳驾驶以主观监测和客观检测为主,但其在可靠性、成本、检测方法上存在不足,为此,设计了一套基于DSP虹膜识别防止疲劳驾驶报警系统。借鉴国内外学者的研究,遵循实时性、准确性、简洁性及经济性的设计原则,以虹膜识别算法为依据,DSP微处理器控制技术为基础进行了开发,该报警系统可在不干扰驾驶员的情况下,识别驾驶员身份,记录驾驶时间,识别疲劳驾驶并报警。测试结果表明:系统结构简单,实现了模块化。虹膜识别模块、计时模块基本满足了准确性和实时性的要求。     

基于改进偏最小二乘法的近红外快速分析强化生物除磷污泥胞内PHA

聚β羟基烷酸酯(PHA)是强化生物除磷系统中颗粒污泥胞内重要碳源和能源,其快速测定对强化生物除磷机理研究有重要意义. 采用Savitzky-Golay平滑法(SG)-多元散射校正法(MSC)对污泥的近红外光谱进行预处理,通过改进的偏最小二乘法(iPLS、siPLS、biPLS)建立污泥样品近红外光谱与PHA含量的定量分析模型.结果表明,SG-MSC预处理减弱噪声和背景等表面因素对光谱的影响,采用联合区间偏最小二乘法(siPLS)将全光谱等分为30个子区间, 联合子区间[13 21 24 29]建立的模型预测效果最优,其交互验证均方根误差(RMSECV)和预测均方根误差(RMSEP)分别为0.2018和0.3120,校正集和预测集相关系数分别达到0.9925和0.9391,该光谱区段与PHA分子结构中C-H的伸缩变形、弯曲振动和C=O的伸缩振动密切相关. 改进偏最小二乘有效地优化光谱建模区域,提高模型预测能力,实现污泥胞内PHA含量的快速定量分析.     

南亚热带中幼龄针阔混交林生态化学计量特征

为了解南亚热带中幼龄针阔混交林植物、凋落物和土壤生态化学计量特征,本研究以10-11 a、7-9 a和3-5 a林龄人工针阔混交林为研究对象,通过对植物叶片（乔木、灌木和草本）、凋落物及土壤的碳（C）、氮（N）和磷（P）含量及计量比分析,探讨了中幼龄针阔混交林生态化学计量特征、相互关系及其N、P养分限制。结果表明,1）针阔混交林乔木、灌木和草本叶片碳含量均值分别为502.88、472.18和438.31 mg·g-1,其叶片碳含量表现为乔木〉灌木〉草本;叶片全氮含量均值分别为15.87、19.61和15.72 mg·g-1,叶片全磷含量均值为1-09、1.24和0.91 mg·g-1,其叶片氮和磷含量均表现为灌木〉乔木〉草本;凋落物碳、氮和磷含量均值分别为497-07、11-36和0.45 mg·g-1,凋落物氮和磷含量均低于植物。2）针阔混交林乔木叶片C/N、C/P和N/P均值分别为34.43、517-06和15.63,灌木和草本叶片C/N、C/P和N/P均值分别为26.60和28.55、438.77和507.59、16.52和17.95,而凋落物C/N、C/P和N/P为46.50、1193.26和26.17;不同林龄杉木叶片N/P均低于14,表明杉木生长受N限制;10-11 a林龄阔叶树生长受N的限制,7-9 a和3-5 a林龄阔叶树生长受P的限制,灌木和草本生长基本受P限制。3）植物叶片全氮和全磷含量呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）,C/N与C/P呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01）,而全磷含量与C/N、C/P、N/P呈极显著和显著负相关（P〈0.01,P〈0-05）;土壤有机碳含量与土壤全氮含量、C/P、N/P呈极显著和显著正相关（P〈0.01,P〈0-05）。本研究为中幼龄人工林抚育及可持续经营提供科学参考。