农药残留速测技术研究进展

本文综述了国内外农药快速检测技术的研究状况。在速测技术中,色－质联用分析法已发展得比较成熟,所得结果比较可靠,但该法的测定时间仍较长;免疫分析法具有简单、快速、价廉、特异性高、需样品量少等优点;生物传感器法更方便 、快捷。     

我国高浓度含酚废水的治理技术近况

介绍我国高浓度含酚废水治理技术的近况，重点介绍了萃取法，吸附法，缩聚法和液膜法等处理技术及实际应用的效果。     

Characterization of depth-related microbial communities in lake sediment by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of amplified 16S rRNA fragments

The characterization of microbial communities of different depth sediment samples was examined by a culture-independent method and compared with physicochemical parameters, those are organic matter （OM）, total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP）, pH and redox potential （Eh）. Total genomic DNA was extracted from samples derived from different depths. After they were amplified with the GC-341 f/907r primer sets of partial bacterial 16S rRNA genes, the products were separated by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE）. The profile of DGGE fingerprints of different depth sediment samples revealed that the community structure remained relatively stable along the entire 45 cm sediment core, however, principal-component analysis of DGGE patterns revealed that at greater sediment depths, successional shifts in community structure were evident. The principle coordinates analysis suggested that the bacterial communities along the sediment core could be separated into two groups, which were located 0-20 cm and 21-45 cm, respectively. The sequencing dominant bands demonstrated that the major phylogenetic groups identified by DGGE belonged to Bacillus, Bacterium, Brevibacillus, Exiguobacterium, γ-Proteobacterium, Acinetobacter sp. and some uncultured or unidentified bacteria. The results indicated the existence of highly diverse bacterial community in the lake sediment core.     

Dynamic changes of microbial community diversity in a photohydrogen producing reactor monitored by PCR-DGGE

A PCR-DGGE (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of polymerase chain reaction) protocol was used for monitoring the dynamic changes in the microbial population during photohydrogen production. Total DNA was extracted directly from the mixed bacterial community in the reactor and subjected to PCR with V3-16S rDNA and pufM gene primers, and the amplifications were then analyzed by DGGE. The DGGE patterns demonstrated the dynamics of community structure and the shift of microbial diversity, which correspond...     

溴甲酚绿──甲基红分光光度法测定空气中的痕量氨

本文研究了用溴甲酚绿－甲基红分光光度法测定空气中的痕量氨。在５ｍｌ吸收液中氨浓度０－２．７２μｇ／５ｍｌ遵守比尔定律。表观摩尔吸光系数ε＇６１５＝１．５５×１０４Ｌ／ｍｏｌ·ｃｍ。在采样过程中,吸收液颜色由红变绿。     

液上空间－气相色谱法测定工业废水中1，1，1－三氯乙烷等卤代烃的研究

本方法研究了液上空间气相色谱法测定工业废水１,１,１－三氯乙烷、四氯化碳、三氯甲烷三种挥发性卤代烃,采用填充气相色谱法以角鲨烷为固定液,用ＣｈｒｏｍｏｓｏｒｂＧＡＷ－ＤＭＣＳ作为担体,在选定的条件下,１,１,１－三氯乙烷、四氯化碳、三氯甲烷能完全分离．同时也能与经常共存的二氯甲烷、三氯乙烯、四氯乙烯、一氯二溴甲烷、三溴甲烷完全分离而互不干扰。本方法的定性检出限是按全程序空白值标准偏差的３倍值计算。１,１,１－三氯乙烷、四氯化碳、三氯甲烷的定性检出限分别为２．４×１０－２ｎｇ、２．１０×１０－４ｎｇ、０．１３ｎｇ,当进样量为２０ｕｌ时,１,１,１－三氯乙烷、四氯化碳、三氯甲烷的最低检出浓度分别为１．２×１０－３ｍｇ／１、１．０８×１０－５ｍｇ／１、６．４８×１０－３ｍｇ／ｌ。     

镉的激光时间分辨荧光测定

本文报道了以７－碘－８－羟基喹啉－５－磺酸（Ｆｅｒｏｎ）作荧光增强剂测定镉的激光时间分辨荧光分析方法。在１．５～１０００ｎｇ／ｍｌ的范围内,镉浓度和荧光强度呈良好的线性关系（γ＞０．９９９）,方法的检出限为１．５ｎｇ／ｍｌ。可用于水中镉的测定,也可用于其它环境样品的测定。     

国家级环境监测空间数据平台设计与实现

针对国家级环境监测信息化建设的要求,结合环境监测业务需求,对国家级环境监测空间数据平台建设进行了研究探讨.以大型商业关系型数据库系统和空间数据引擎为基础,设计并初步实现了国家级环境监测空间数据的平台化管理与运行.