一种新型高温脱氯剂的基础性研究

以价廉易得的天然矿物及碱为化学活性组分 ,制得一种新型高温脱氯剂GH1。该脱氯剂在 6 5 0℃、空速2 5 0 0h- 1 和进口HCl气体体积浓度 1 80 0mg m3条件下的穿透氯容量达到 37 2 % ,同时机械强度合格。实验还考察了主要成分配比、空速和温度对脱氯性能的影响 ,并对床层氯分布进行了数学模拟     

粉煤灰固结技术及应用研究

为防治火电厂贮灰场扬尘污染对粉煤灰固技术进行了试验研究。目前已研制出２个系列的粉煤灰固结剂,固结后的抗压强度都在１６ｋｇ／ｃｍ２以上,最高达７０ｋｇ／ｃｍ２;水稳系数和冻稳系数都在０．９０—１．００。该项技术具有抑尘效果好、保持时间长、治理成本低、原料来源广泛、施工工艺简单和易于推广等待点。它可用于正在使用的灰场（包括中转灰场、碾压灰场）和贮满灰的灰场治理扬尘,还可用于灰场防渗和灰坝加固。     

酸性磷酸酯的气相色谱分析

通过对酸性磷酸酯的季铵盐热裂解,硅烷化,碘甲烷甲酯化和重氮甲烷甲酯化等衍生化方法进行比较,研究碘甲烷甲酯化方法为权性磷到酯最佳衍生化方法,对到性磷酸酯碘甲烷甲酯化方法的气相色谱的定量分析进行了系统的研究,建立了酸性磷酸酯的简便,快速,准确,灵敏度高的气相色谱分析法,单２－乙基己基膦酸单２－乙基己基酯的回收率为９７．０％￣１１１％,最小检出量为０．９２ｎｇ;二（２－乙基己基）磷酸（Ｐ２０４）的回收率     

两性聚丙烯酰胺的制备及其絮凝性能

开发了一种对非离子聚丙烯酰胺进行改性制备两性聚丙烯酰胺(APAM)絮凝剂的新方法。以硅藻土悬浮液为絮凝对象,考察了改性反应中影响APAM絮凝效果的因素。结果表明,采用无水乙酸与三甲胺、环氧氯丙烷合成季胺盐型阳离子剂的方法优于采用盐酸的方法;在10mL质量分数为10%、相对分子质量为3×106的非离子型聚丙烯酰胺水溶液中加入8mL浓度为2.6mol/L的阳离子剂,同时控制V(NaOH)∶V(NaClO)为0.44,改性得到的APAM絮凝性能最佳,在pH3～9的较宽范围内对硅藻土悬浮液有较好的絮凝效果。在pH为3、APAM加入量为1.8mg/L时,硅藻土悬浮液的絮凝率可达100%。     

Sorption of BTEX mixtures to organobenonites

Organobentonites synthesized by replacing the metal ions in bentonite with cetyltrimethylammonium (CTMA) or tetramethylammonium cation(TMA) were investigated for their behaviors to sorb benzene, toluene, pxylene from water. The results served to distinguish the sorption mechanisms (adsorption or partition) of the two types of organobentonites. Bentonites modified with short-chain alkyl functional groups(e, g., TMA) sorb organic contaminants primarily by an adsorption process, in which the sorbed amount decreases with increasing steric hindrance of the organic compound and the process exhibits a competitive effect because of steric hindrance in multisolute systems. In contrast, the sorption of contaminants to organobentonites modified with long-chain alkyl groups (e. g., CTMA) occurs by partition process without exhibiting a competitive effect, and the additional organic compounds may induce a cosorptive effect. In the latter case, the measured distribution coefficients of organic compounds between organobentonites and water( log Kd ) are positively correlated with the octanol-water partition coefficients of the compounds (logKow) and the sorption process exhibits no competitive effect in multi-solute systems.     

Screening of flocculant-producing microorganisms and flocculating activity

A strain saccharomycete STSM-I with high flocculanting activity was isolated from activated sludge with conventional methods.The high production rate and the low cost STSM-I medium was obtained by selecting different kinds of media, carbon source, nitrogen source and inorganic salt ion. The best flocculant-producing conditions were found by changing medium initial pH, culture temperature and ventilation flow. The best flocculating effect was obtained by changing positive ion types, density and concentration of flocculant.     

新型纳米CeO2催化类Fenton降解盐酸四环素

本研究分别以NaOH和NH_3·H_2O为矿化剂,Ce(NO_3)_3·6H_2O为铈源,采用水热法成功制备两种新型纳米二氧化铈材料(CeO_2-Na与CeO_2-N).XRD、FESEM、Raman和EPR等表征手段以及非均相类Fenton降解盐酸四环素(TCH)性能分析结果表明,与CeO_2-N相比,纳米CeO_2-Na催化剂具有更大的比表面积和更高的表面氧空位浓度,其对TCH的催化性能也优于CeO_2-N.在TCH初始浓度为100 mg·L~(-1),催化剂投加量为0.7 g·L~(-1)和H_2O_2投加量为10 mmol·L~(-1)的条件下,CeO_2-Na/H_2O_2/TCH体系对TCH的去除率达86%,通过简单的热处理可以恢复催化剂的催化活性.TCH的降解机理研究表明,该非均相催化体系中起主要作用的是O~-_2·自由基.本研究为纳米氧化铈催化剂的制备及其非均相类Fenton的应用提供一定的技术和理论参考.     

油田含油污泥深度调剖技术研究

针对目前油田联合站中含油污泥处理难的问题,提出了利用含油污泥开展深度调剖技术,通过对含油污泥组分和颗粒粒径分布测试分析,研制出合适的含油污泥深度调剖剂,室内评价结果表明:该调剖剂抗剪切能力强,热稳定性好,适用于80℃以下油藏,可提高驱油效率31.8%,不仅提高了注水开发效果,而且为解决油田含油污泥污染环境问题提供了一个途径。