厌氧序批式反应器(ASBR)预处理垃圾渗滤液

在中温30～35℃条件下,厌氧序批式反应器(ASBR)对垃圾渗滤液进行厌氧预处理,结果表明:较高的进水COD和OLR条件下,反应器有着更好的处理效果;相近的OLR条件下,较长的HRT有更好的COD去除效果;OLR较低时,进水时间,反应时间(tF/tR)越大,COD去除效果越好;OLR较高时则需要较小的tF/tR;COD去除率随进水NH 4-N/COD的升高有明显的下降趋势;垃圾渗滤液COD/SO2-4在5.52～11.41,反应器中不但有甲烷产生,同时也有硫酸盐的还原发生,SO2-4去除率最高可达到77%.     

分段式SBR与传统SBR工艺的对比研究

将传统SBR的曝气和沉淀过程在时间上进行分段,在不同段数厌氧、好氧、缺氧状态交替运行条件下,考查了分段式SBR工艺的运行情况,并与传统SBR进行了对比研究;通过设计正交试验确定了传统SBR、二段式SBR和三段式SBR最佳运行参数.结果表明:三段式SBR对COD、NH 4-N、总磷的去除率可以达到97.33%、96.63%、99.76%;二段式SBR对COD、NH 4-N、总磷的去除率可以达到96.98%、93.45%、98.63%;传统SBR对COD、NH 4-N、总磷的去除率可以达到95.87%、88.47%、98.15%,由此可见分段式SBR较传统SBR对有机物、NH3-N和总磷有较好的去除效果.     

漂浮式光伏关键部件耐候性研究综述

为了解决能源需求和环境保护的压力,漂浮式水面光伏被提出作为解决方案。近海海域具有广阔的空间,提供了充足的布设场所,因此海上漂浮式光伏成为研究的热点。评估光伏关键部件的耐候性对确保近海漂浮式光伏系统的可靠性和持久性至关重要。近年来已出现了一些试验性水上光伏发电项目,显示出漂浮式光伏系统在水域中的潜力。然而,近海环境的湿度、海风、盐雾等因素对光伏关键部件的性能和寿命产生不利影响,因此评估光伏关键部件的耐候性能尤为重要。目前关于水上光伏的研究内容还较为有限,但各国已开始推动该技术的研究和应用。这些研究成果有助于促进近海漂浮式光伏的可持续发展,推进清洁能源的应用和环境保护。     

加压上流式好氧污泥床(PUASB)法处理制药废水初探

在进水ＣＯＤ为５００－６００ｍｇ／Ｌ、压力ｐ＝０．２ＭＰａ、回／流比Ｒ＝６条件下,加压上流式好氧泥泥床平均ＣＯＤ去除率为７１％,出水基本达到国家排放标准;进水ＣＯＤ为１０００ｍｇ／Ｌ以上,在ｐ＝０．３ＭＰａ、Ｒ＝６条件下,ＣＯＤ去除率仍可达到７０％左右。     

啤酒生产废弃物的综合治理

本文介绍年产10万吨啤酒产生废水废弃物的综合防治技术。防治措施主要有源头消减、废弃物利用、末端治理等主要手段．并对治理后产生的环境效益和经济效益进行分析。     

气提式循环反应器生物膜与游离活性污泥的对比试验探讨

通过对气提式循环反应器处理污水中载体生物膜和游离活性污泥的对比试验，分析指出：活性污泥有利于有机物的去除和混合液的沉降性；生物膜的存在，增加了生物量，提高了处理效率，且是硝化的主要原因     

平台信息系统批量生产管理研究

平台信息系统的批生产管理以往未受到足够的重视,分析了现行的批生产管理体系问题,从文件管理、质量和可靠性保障、工艺管理、组织管理和技术状态控制四个方面详细阐述了如何进行平台信息系统的批生产管理。     

超声提取辅助浸入式固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱技术快速检测土壤中的有机氯农药残留

建立了超声提取辅助浸入式固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱(DI-SPME-GC/MS)方法快速检测土壤中有机氯农残的新方法.该方法可实现分离、富集和进样一体化,减少样品前处理步骤.实验优化了DI-SPME的萃取条件、超声提取条件及GC/MS仪器参数.在优化条件下,9种OCPs在实验浓度范围(20—500 ng·g-1)内,线性关系良好,R2为0.9899—0.9987,方法检出限在0.67—1.76 ng·g-1,加标回收率在80.2%—117.1%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为10.0%—12.0%.结果表明该方法是一种简便快速、绿色环保的分析土壤中OCPs农残的方法.     

Production of N2O in two biologic nitrogen removal processes: a comparison between conventional and short-cut nitrogen removal processes

The N2O production in two nitrogen removal processes treating domestic wastewater was investigated in laboratory-scale aerobic-anoxic sequencing batch reactors （SBRs）. Results showed that N2O emission happened in the aerobic phase rather than in the anoxic phase. During the aerobic phase, the nitrogen conversion to N2O gas was 27.7% and 36.8% of NH＋-N loss for conventional biologic N-removal process and short-cut biologic N-removal process. The dissolved N2O was reduced to N2 in the anoxic denitrification phase. The N2O production rate increased with the increasing of nitrite concentration and ceased when NH＋-N oxidation was terminated. Higher nitrite accumulation resulted in higher NEO emission in the short-cut nitrogen removal process. Pulse-wise addition of 20 mg NO2 -N. L- 1 gave rise to 3-fold of N2O emission in the conventional N-removal process, while little change happened with 20 mg NOS-N L-1 was added to SBR1.     

N2O emission from a sequencing batch reactor for biological N and P removal from wastewater

Nitrous oxide （N2O） is a greenhouse gas that can be released during biological nitrogen removal from wastewater. N2O emission from a sequencing batch reactor （SBR） for biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal from wastewater was investigated, and the aims were to examine which process, nitrification or denitrification, would contribute more to N2Oemission and to study the effects of heterotrophic activities on N2O emission during nitrification. The results showed that N2O emission was mainly attributed to nitrification rather than to denitrification. N2O emission during denitrification mainly occurred with stored organic carbon as the electron donor. During nitrification, NaO emission was increased with increasing initial ammonium or nitrite concentrations. The ratio of N2O emission to the removed ammonium nitrogen （N2O- N/NH4-N） was 2.5% in the SBR system with high heterotrophic activities, while this ratio was in the range from 0.14% to 1.06% in batch nitrification experiments with limited heterotrophic activities.