Field measurements of dissociation of ammonium nitrate at a Beijing site

ＦｉｅｌｄｍｅａｓｕｒｅｍｅｎｔｓｏｆｄｉｓｏｃｉａｔｉｏｎｏｆａｍｍｏｎｉｕｍｎｉｔｒａｔｅａｔａＢｅｉｊｉｎｇｓｉｔｅＳｈｅｎＪｉ，ＺｈａｏＱｉａｎｘｕｅＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＥｃｏＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ，Ｃ...     

关于用硫铁矿烧渣制取三氯化铁晶体的试验

硫铁矿烧渣是利用硫铁矿或含硫尾砂制造硫酸或亚硫酸过程中排出的废渣,又称黄铁矿渣,或烧渣。硫铁矿经过焙烧分解后,铁、硅、铝、钙、镁和有色金属等转入烧渣中,其中铁、硅含量较多,波动范围大。根据铁含量的高低可分高铁硫酸渣和低铁硫酸渣。     

Global warming related carbon dioxide abatement proposals

The relationship between man-made CO2 emission and atmospheric CO2 concentration has been established. The factors that affect CO2 reduction allotment and the impacts on future energy demand and supply were discussed, in order to help energy policy makers both in developed countries and in developing countries for understanding the fundamental constraint on energy sector resulted from global warming related CO2 reduction, and hopefully in finding a common objective starting point to deal with global warming negotiation in energy sector, and to investigate the optimum stabilization goal and process acceptable to all sovereign countries that based on equity and applicability.     

Soil water characteristics in mountain poplar stand and its benefits to soil and water conservation in loess hilly region

ＳｏｉｌｗａｔｅｒｃｈａｒａｃｔｅｒｉｓｔｉｃｓｉｎｍｏｕｎｔａｉｎｐｏｐｌａｒｓｔａｎｄａｎｄｉｔｓｂｅｎｅｆｉｔｓｔｏｓｏｉｌａｎｄｗａｔｅｒｃｏｎｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎｉｎｌｏｅｓｓｈｉｌｌｙｒｅｇｉｏｎＷｕＱｉｎｘｉａｏ；ＬｉｕＸｉａｎｇｄｏｎｇ...     

Impacts of climate change on wheat development and production in the northern China

In this paper, impacts of climate change on wheat development rate and production in the northern China are discussed. The results show that the temperature is a controlling factor of development rate but the precipitation is not. The higher the temperature is. the faster the development and the shorter development period will be. Without consideration to varieties and cropping system, meteorological yield of winter wheat would decrease 170.40, 134.25, 98.70 and 97.20 kg/hm2 in the north China and 13.97, 7.95, 39.60 and 19.80 kg/hm2 in the northwest China compared with that in 1950s, 1960s, 1970s and 1980s, respectively, when the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere is doubled. In drought and semi-drought regions, the spring wheat yield would drop with the temperature rise in and raise with the precipitation increase. The influence of temperature on weight of leaf and stalk is also remarkable.     

Petroleum waste biodegradation with porous biomass support system (PBSS) on rotating biological contactor

A laboratory scale study was conducted to assess the feasibility of the new coupling of rotating biological contactor (RBC) plus porous biomass support system (PBSS) using polyurethane foam as porous support media to biodegrade petroleum refinery wastewater. Polyurethane foam was attached on disks of two four-stage laboratory scale cascade connected RBC units.The two RBC units were operated simultaneously at different but constant, flowrates giving hydraulic loading rates of 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 m3/m2/d in two runs keeping the same rotational speed 10 r/min throughout. Organic loading was a less controllable factor in this study.For all of the hydraulic loadings, it was found that the removal efficiency of total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) and oil were above 80 percent. Ammonia nitrogen and phenol removal were above 90 and 80 percent respectively. The maximum biomass concentration within polyurethane foam was about 30 g/m2 in the first stage for 0.03 m3/m2/d hydraulic loading.The results show that t     

Gas chromatographic separation and determination of chloroanthracene isomers on fly ash

An efficient, reproducible and rapid fused silica capillary column gas chromatographic method, in splitless mode, for analysing of the three chloroanthracene isomers is described. The method affords efficient separation and good linearity for each isomer in the range of 0.2 -200 μg/ml. The method can also be used in separation and determination of another thirty three aromatic and their halosubstituted compounds. This paper also presents the applications of the method in analysing of complex products mixture from reaction of the selected aromatic compounds with hydrogen chloride on fly ash surface from municipal incinerator.     

焊接眼面防护具

焊接过程中产生的弧光由紫外线、红外线和可见强光组成。紫外辐射可引起眼结膜炎，使眼睛有畏光、疼痛、眼脸炎等症状,亦称“电光性眼炎。”红外辐射的热效应可引起眼脸慢性炎症和晶体混蚀(职业性白内障)。可见强光则可引起眼睛疲劳、眼脸痉挛和眼膜炎。     

UV/O3复合降解水中2,4-二氯酚的试验研究

以紫外光源为主要依托,变换反应器中的不同工艺条件,分别对紫外光、臭氧和紫外/臭氧三种不同于工艺条件对水中污染物2,4-二氯酚(2 ,4-DCP)的降解规律进行研究.结果表明,UV/O3复合对2,4-DCP的降解较UV、O3单独作用效果好;溶液的酸碱度影响UV/O3对2 ,4-DCP的降解;此外,溶液中含有细菌时,E. coli的杀灭效果仍表现为UV/O3＞O3＞UV.细菌的杀灭和2,4-DCP的降解均消耗羟基自由基,形成竞争反应,从而影响到2,4-DCP的降解效果.     

泡沫铜气体扩散电极处理活性艳红废水

采用铜基泡沫材料作为阴极,并根据泡沫材料电阻小、强度高、孔隙多的特点设计气体扩散电极,开发了一套基于铜基泡沫材料的气体扩散电解废水处理方法.实验结果表明,该方法在电解电压仅为1.65 V时,120 min内原位生成14.29 mg·L-1的H2O2.采用该系统对活性艳红废水进行降解,结果表明其在电解电压为2 V时即可快速高效地降解活性艳红X-3B模拟染料废水,120 min内模拟废水色度去除率达96.19%,色度被快速消除.UV-Vis与LC-TOF MS检测结果表明,降解过程中,萘环、三嗪结构及较稳定的苯环均被同步快速降解.该方法所需降解电压较低,只有2 V,而普通电解方法通常需8—25 V,能耗显著下降.这种低电压气体扩散电极电解不仅极大地抑制了水的无效电解,由于产生了·OH,还能维持相对高的有效氧化还原电位,高效降解污染物,是一种高效低耗的电化学水处理方法.