水库地震的地震动特性

利用新丰江、黄壁庄、喀什、龙羊峡、官厅、刘家峡和陡河等水库地震的近场地面运动资料，给出了水库地震地震动的峰值加速度衰减关系、频谱特性和持续时间。分析结果表明，较：天然地震而言，水库地震的地面运动峰值加速度高，衰减快；地震动反应谱特征频率高，持续时间短；场地卓越周期以坚硬基岩的最短，硬土次之，软土最长。研究得到的水库地震的地震动衰减关系和频谱特性可为水工结构的抗震设计和加固提供借鉴。     

云龙水库氮、磷污染原因分析及对策措施

依据云龙水库库区和入库河道水质现状监测结果,对造成云龙水库污染的总磷、总氮的变化情况和污染来源构成进行了初步分析,并提出预防控制污染的对策措施。     

辽宁大伙房水库底质重金属污染浅析

本文通过对辽宁大伙房水库底质中重金属的监测数据,对水库的重金属污染状况和来源进行了分析,并对底质中重金属的潜在风险进行了评价。     

宝象河水库水质现状及保护对策

介绍了宝象河水库基本概况,对水库水质现状进行了评价,分析了造成污染的原因,提出了措施与对策。     

广州流溪河水库叶绿素a遥感反演研究

叶绿素a是衡量水体初级生产力和富营养化程度的一项重要指标。本研究在讨论分析反演水体叶绿素a浓度的半分析生物光学模型理论基础上,利用Landsat TM数据及中巴资源卫星02星CCD相机高分辨率数据,结合实测数据建立广州流溪河水库叶绿素a浓度的波段比值型反演模型。该模型对两个不同监测日期的叶绿素a浓度反演效果较好,拟合系数(R2)分别达到0.860和0.715,均方根误差分别为0.102μg/L和0.198μg/L。反演结果表明,流溪河水库叶绿素a浓度整体较低,均在2.0μg/L以下,空间分布在湖库区较均匀,入库支流玉溪河水域叶绿素a浓度略高于湖库区。     

基于3S技术的水库饮用水水源保护区划分

以汀溪水库为例,采用3s技术进行水库饮用水水源保护区划分;利用GIS技术建立数字高程模型并自动生成汇水区盆地和流域范围,初步划定保护区范围;采用遥感技术获取保护区内的自然环境专题信息;根据饮用水源保护区划分原则,综合考虑社会和自然等多种数据源进行人工修订获得保护区范围界定。     

松涛水库流域非点源污染负荷模拟模型

对大尺度非点源污染模型进行时间步长改进,实现溶解态模型日和吸附态模型半月时间尺度的拓展,并选取松涛水库流域为研究对象,应用改进的模型估算该流域2003～2007年的非点源污染负荷,最后结合研究区调查资料对估算结果进行验证.研究结果表明:①流域主要污染类型为溶解态非点源污染,溶解态TN、TP负荷所占比重分别为80.28%和72.03%;②农田TN、TP和NH+4-N负荷分别占负荷总量的45.69%、38.58%和40.56%.是流域非点源污染的重要来源;大牲畜养殖产生的非点源COD负荷占COD总量的63.65%,是流域COD非点源污染的重点控制对象;③农田、农村居民点和畜禽养殖产生的几种污染类型的不同指标(COD、TN、TP、NH+4-N)在时间和空间上均呈现出一定的分布规律,与土地利用、降水变化规律有很强的相关性,年内变化出现5月份和9月份2个峰值,湿季污染负荷量超过干季的4倍;④应用2005年研究区的调查资料验证模型结果和率定模型参数,模型模拟结果优于原模型,相对误差均小于20%,基本满足应用要求.     

A vertically integrated eutrophication model and its application to a river-style reservoir-Fuchunjiang,China

Based on a 2-D hydrodynamic model, a vertically integrated eutrophication model was developed. The physical sub-model can be used for calculation of water density at different depths and the water quality sub-model was for calculation of algal growth. Suspended solids were divided into two types of sediment which named cohesive and non-cohesive sediments and simulated using separate methods. The light extinction coefficient used in the underwater light regime sub-model was linearly related to the sum of sediment and phytoplankton biomass. Some components less important to the model were simplified to improve practicability and calculation efficiency. Using field data from Fuchunjiang Reservoir, we calculated the sensitivity of ecological parameters included in this model and validated the model. The results of sensitivity analysis showed that the parameters strongly influenced the phytoplankton biomass including phytoplankton maximum growth rate, respiration rate, non-predatory mortality rate, and settling rate, zooplankton maximum filtration rate, specific extinction coefficient for suspended solids and sediment oxygen demand rate. The model was calibrated by adjusting these parameters. Total chlorophyll a (chl-a) concentrations at different layers in the water column were reproduced very well by the model simulations. The simulated chl-a values were positively correlated to the measured values with Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.92. The mean difference between measured and simulated chl-a concentrations was 12% of the measured chl-a concentration. Measured and simulated DO concentrations were also positively correlated (r=0.74) and the mean difference was 4% of measured DO concentrations. The successful validation of model indicated that it would be very useful in water quality management and algal bloom prediction in Fuchunjiang Reservoir and a good tool for water quality regularation in other river-style reservoirs.     

青山水库生态环境现状及保护措施

青山水库建设是缓解葫芦岛市供水紧张状况,促进地方经济发展的重要工程。本文在对项目生态环境分析的基础上,结合六股河流域生态环境特点,提出了生态保护措施。     

佛子岭水库水质理化监测与生物监测研究

为提高佛子岭水库水质监测质量,笔者于2009年1—12月,在对佛子岭水库进行水质理化监测的同时,开展水库浮游生物种类与数量调查。结果显示佛子岭水库生物多样性指数H值为2．22～3．37,综合污染指数K值为0．56～0．73,藻类叶绿素a含量为2．40～2．74μg／L,总磷含量为16．20～21．20μg／L;佛子岭水库水质等级为Ⅱ类,已受到轻一中度污染,属中营养型水体;研究表明水库水质理化监测与生物监测结果基本一致。