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111.
文章介绍了生物可利用态的磷(总磷、有机磷、无机磷)在土耳其奥龙特斯河河水和表层沉积物中的分配结果.通过连续提取方法可获得无机态的磷,每次获得的无机磷有4种形态:松散吸附态的磷、铝绑定态磷、铁绑定态磷 相似文献
112.
Chemical forms of Zn, Ni, Cu, and Pb in municipal sewage sludge were investigated by adding humus soil to sludge and by
performing sequential extraction procedures. In the final sludge mixtures, Zn and Ni were mainly found in Fe/Mn oxide-bound (F3) and
organic matter/sulfide-bound (F4) forms. For Zn, exchangeable (F1), carbonate-bound (F2), and F3 forms were transformed to F4 and
residual forms (F5). For Ni, F1 and F2 forms were transformed to F1, F2, and F3 forms. Both Cu and Pb were strongly associated with
the stable forms F4 and F5. For Cu, F2 and F3 forms were major contributors, while for Pb, F3 and F4 forms were major contributors to
F5. Humus soil dosage and pH conditions in the sludge were strongly correlated with the forms of heavy metals. Five forms were used
to evaluate metal mobilities in the initial and final sludge mixtures. The mobilities of the four heavy metals studied decreased after 28
days. The metal mobilities in the final sludge mixtures were ranked in the following order: Ni > Zn > Cu = Pb. Leaching tests showed
that the mobilities of Zn and Ni in lower pH conditions (pH 4) were higher than those in higher pH conditions (pH 8). 相似文献
113.
TiO2 nanotubes as solid-phase extraction adsorbent for the determination of
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental water samples 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bochra Bejaoui Kefi Latifa Latrous El Atrache Hafedh Kochkar Abdelhamid Ghorbel 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(5):860-867
An analytical method based on TiO2 nanotubes solid-phase extraction (SPE) combined with gas chromatography (GC) was
established for the analysis of seven polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): acenaphtylene, acenaphthene, anthracene, fluorene,
phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene. Factors a ecting the extraction e ciency including the eluent type and its volume, adsorbent
amount, sample volume, sample pH and sample flow rate were optimized. The characteristic data of analytical performance were
determined to investigate the sensitivity and precision of the method. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the method showed
good linearity in the range of 0.01–0.8 g/mL, repeatability of the extraction (RSD were between 6.7% and 13.5%, n = 5) and
satisfactory detection limits (0.017–0.059 ng/mL). The developed method was successfully applied to the analysis of surface water
(tap, river and dam) samples. The recoveries of PAHs spiked in environmental water samples ranged from 90% to 100%. All the results
indicated the potential application of titanate nanotubes as solid-phase extraction adsorbents to pre-treat water samples. 相似文献
114.
The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Glomus mosseae on the responses to elevated O3 in growth and nutrition of snap
bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv Guangzhouyuan) were investigated. Exposure was conducted in growth chambers by using three O3
concentrations (20 (CF), 80 (CFO1) and 120 nL/L (CFO2); 8 hr/day for 75 days). Results showed that elevated O3 slightly impacted
overall mycorrhizal colonization, but significantly decreased the proportional frequency of hypha and increased the proportional
frequency of spores and vesicles, suggesting that O3 had significant effects on mycorrhizal structure. Elevated O3 significantly decreased
yield, dry mass and nutrient contents (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) in both non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal plants. However, significant
interactive effects were found in most variables due to that the reduction by O3 in the mycorrhizal plants was less than that in the
non-mycorrhizal plants. Additionally, AMF increased the concentrations of N, P, Ca, and Mg in shoot and root. It can be concluded
that AMF alleviated detrimental effects of increasing O3 on host plant through improving plant nutrition and growth. 相似文献
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117.
产表面活性剂根际菌协同龙葵修复镉污染土壤 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
从某矿区重金属污染的土壤中分离筛选出一株能产生物表面活性剂的根际细菌LKS06,经生理生化特征及16S rDNA序列分析,将其鉴定为假单孢菌属(Pseudomonas sp.LKS06).生物学特性的测定表明,菌株LKS06对多种重金属有很高的耐受性,且具有分泌吲哚乙酸、产铁载体和ACC脱氨酶活性的能力,并对土壤重金属... 相似文献
118.
土壤重金属污染的生物修复技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着城市化和工业化的加速,土壤的重金属污染问题日趋严重。生物修复技术作为一种环境友好型治理措施越来越受到关注,其主体主要包括植物修复、动物修复以及微生物修复。文章首先综述了生物修复土壤重金属污染的机理及其研究进展,其中植物修复包括降解、提取、挥发、根系钝化以及固定等,而微生物修复机理主要包括生物富集、生物吸着以及生物转化;其次分析了生物修复技术的局限性,如超富集植物积累重金属的单一性,植物的生长速度慢、积累效率低、适应性弱,微生物的种间拮抗作用等;最后对其发展前景提出展望,认为通过加强国际交流,重视多学科的交叉应用,以及合理配置人才与资源等措施,有利于突破技术瓶颈,发展出更具应用价值的复合修复技术。 相似文献
119.
陶诗秀 《资源节约和综合利用》2011,(4):62-62
植物能思考判断吗?美国著名的科学家巴克斯特用测谎器作过这样一个试验:先将龙血树的一片叶子浸入一杯烫咖啡中,反应并不强烈。他打算用火烧这片叶子,刚产生这个念头,测谎器记录纸上立刻出现强烈的信号反应。植物遇险,也会“昏厥”。 相似文献
120.
近年来,油气田开发对土壤的污染越来越严重,采用植物进行修复已经成为一个新的趋势。文章以中原油田(濮阳市采油区)土壤为研究基地,选择了多年生紫花苜蓿和黑麦草开展了初步治理工作,同时也采用本地生植物狗芽根、芦苇培养进行比较。通过一年(18月)植物对石油污染土壤的修复,发现:四种植物与微生物联合修复组合修复能力大小顺序是,苜蓿组合>向日葵组合>狗牙根组合>高丹草组合,其中紫花苜蓿与微生物构建的联合修复组合去除土壤石油污染的能力超过它们单独修复之和,去除率达到62%。 相似文献