Photocatalytic removal of NO and NO2 using titania nanotubes synthesized by hydrothermal method

In this study, the photocatalysts of titania nanotubes(TNTs) were synthesized at different calcination temperatures using commercial Degussa TiO2(P25) as a precursor. The materials were then characterized by BET, SEM, TEM, and XRD analyses. The photocatalytic reactions with NO and NO2 under UV-A irradiation were both performed. The results showed that the photocatalytic reaction rate of NO was much faster than that of NO2, and the conversion of NO2 to nitrate was the rate-limiting step for photocatalytic removal of NOx if the nitrate produced cannot be removed continuously from the photocatalyst surface. For TNTs calcined at different temperatures, a significant enhancement was observed on the total NOx removal efficiency by TNT calcined at 500°C for both NO and NO2 photocatalytic reaction, which could be attributed to its high anatase crystallinity as well as high surface area. These two factors affect primarily on the NO2conversion step in which the high anatase crystallinity could be responsible for the high efficiency at the beginning, while the high surface area could be accounted for retaining this high efficiency from nitric acid poisoning during the test period.     

Knudsen cell and smog chamber study of the heterogeneous uptake of sulfur dioxide on Chinese mineral dust

The heterogeneous uptake processes of sulfur dioxide on two types of Chinese mineral dust（Inner Mongolia desert dust and Xinjiang sierozem） were investigated using both Knudsen cell and smog chamber system. The temperature dependence of the uptake coefficients was studied over a range from 253 to 313 K using the Knudsen cell reactor, the initial uptake coefficients decreased with the increasing of temperature for these two mineral dust samples, whereas the steady state uptake coefficients of the Xinjiang sierozem increased with the temperature increasing, and these temperature dependence functions were obtained for the first time. In the smog chamber experiments at room temperature, the steady state uptake coefficients of SO2 decreased evidently with the increasing of sulfur dioxide initial concentration from 1.72 × 1012 to 6.15 × 1012mol/cm3. Humid air had effect on the steady state uptake coefficients of SO2 onto Inner Mongolia desert dust.Consequences about the understanding of the uptake processes onto mineral dust samples and the environmental implication were also discussed.     

评价爆炸超压作用的一个新指标及其在一次型FAE中的应用

利用单自由度体系在爆炸载荷作用下的动力响应的数值解,提出了一个近似关系式,进而得到一个新评价指标△P0.742m i0.258 .同时给出了一次型FAE的TNT比当量的计算方法,分别以超压峰值△Pm和△P0.742m i0.258 为评价指标计算了某一次型FAE的TNT比当量,并进行了比较.结果表明,单纯以超压峰值为评价指标的TNT比当量结果低估了一次型FAE的超压作用.鉴于爆炸超压场测试仪器与技术已能够容易地准确测量超压峰值与比冲量,建议以△P0.742m i0.258 为一次型FAE的TNT比当量的评价指标.     

C/N比对嗜酸细菌X-29产氢能力及其酶活性的影响

C/N比影响细菌的物质和能量代谢,为了提高产氢细菌的产氢效能,通过间歇产氢实验和酶活性分析方法,分析了在不同C/N比下嗜酸产氢细菌X-29的产氢能力以及氢化酶和乙醇脱氢酶的活性表达情况.研究结果表明,C/N比对产氢细菌的代谢及其相关酶的表达有显著的影响.虽然在不同C/N比下单位生物量的液相末端发酵产物差异不大,但是产氢能力存在显著的差异,当C/N比为14时产氢细菌X-29具有最大累积产氢量2 210.9mL/g.在不同C/N比下氢化酶的表达活性不同,氢化酶活性随着发酵的进行达到高峰后迅速降低,氢化酶的表达周期较短.乙醇脱氢酶活性随着代谢进程逐渐升高后而趋于平稳,不同C/N比时表达活性差异较小,表达周期较长.在C/N比为14时,氢化酶和乙醇脱氢酶的活性最高,分别为2.8μmol·(min·mg)^-1和33.2μmol·(min·mg)^-1.     

温度对厨余垃圾两相厌氧消化中水解和酸化过程的影响

实验考查了厨余垃圾在4个温度(25℃、37℃、40℃、50℃)条件下的水解率、挥发酸(VFA)产量和速率、乳酸产量和有机酸的组成.结果表明:温度对水解和酸化过程均有较大影响,在小于37℃范围内水解率和酸化率均随温度升高而增加,最大的VFA浓度在37℃下获得,达34.4g/L.超过37℃,酸化率下降而水解率继续增加,最大水解率在50℃下获得达82%.VFA中以甲酸和乙酸为主,并有少量丙酸和丁酸产生,同时乳酸浓度一直较高.通过实验确定了厨余垃圾水解酸化过程的最优温度条件为37℃.     

IEC 61373两个版本标准的振动试验量级对比分析

通过对IEC 61373-1999与IEC 61373-2010铁路应用机车车辆设备冲击和振动试验试验标准的比较,主要分析了振动试验中的模拟长寿命试验的量级变化。两种版本振动试验量级变化的原因是标准中采用的S-N模型发生变化,从而导致计算加速度比的方法有所改变。     

温度测量技术及其在劳动防护织物加工中的应用

综述了温度测量技术的发展和应用情况，介绍了在劳动防护织物加工、性能测定中温度测量技术的重要作用。     

CO2埋地管道泄漏区土壤形貌及温度场研究

通过建立DN25规格的小尺度埋地管道试验装置,开展了气相和超临界相CO_2通过2 mm口径的埋地管道向上泄漏试验,通过改变管道埋地深度(0 mm、200 mm、400 mm),研究了气相和超临界相CO_2埋地管道发生泄漏时土壤表面和泄漏口区域的形貌,以及泄漏口附近管壁和土壤区温度的分布。结果表明:气相和超临界相CO_2埋地管道发生泄漏时,在不同相态和管道埋地深度下,土壤表面会呈现"土壤喷射"、"小孔射流"和"土壤隆起"3种不同形貌;当土壤表面不发生"土壤喷射"时,泄漏口附近会形成冻土球;管道埋地深度越大,管壁温降速率增大,管壁最低温度降低;土壤区温度与埋地管道距泄漏口的距离呈指数函数关系,且在泄漏口附近土壤区射流方向的温降最大,管道埋地深度增加使得泄漏口附近土壤区在射流背向的温降幅度明显增加。     

现代化教学手段之学案导学的应用——以《映射》(必修一)为例

本文以《映射》(必修一)为例,主要介绍了现代教学手段之学案导学的教学方法。本堂课的设计以学案为载体,借助电子白板这样的现代化教学手段,让学生主动学习,在数学问题的探究实践中逐步形成数学学习的意识和能力。     

都是温度惹的祸

<正>气候变化的警钟早已敲响,这一次是谁受到了威胁,又是谁将面临更多的考验?面对更加严酷的气候,越来越多的行业将面临新的挑战与考验——葡萄园要不停地向高纬度高海拔地