基于MRMR-RPK-ELM模型的PM2.5质量浓度预测

为了提高PM2.5质量浓度预测精度,提出一种用最大相关最小冗余算法(MRMR)筛选最优特征值,高斯多项核函数(RPK)优化极限学习机(ELM)的PM2.5质量浓度预测模型.以赣州市为例,选择PM10、O3、SO2、CO、NO2、降水、气压、气温、相对湿度、风速等10个影响因子,PM2.5为目标因子,通过降维处理和核函数特征映射代替随机映射解决PM2.5的高度复杂性.结果表明,MRMR算法选出的影响因子PM10、O3、CO、NO2和相对湿度,不仅考虑目标因子与影响因子的相关性,还考虑影响因子之间的相关性,进而降低了数据维度.MRMR-RPK-ELM模型的平均绝对误差、均方根误差、平均绝对百分比误差和确定系数分别为6.35、9.618、19.89％和0.942,相较于原始的ELM模型,PM2.5质量浓度预测精度有明显提升,拟合程度较高,且具有更好的泛化能力,能准确捕捉PM2.5质量浓度的突变节点.     

Differential response of multiple zebrafish hepatic F-box protein genes to 17α-ethinylestradiol treatment

Estrogens are accumulating in environment and their e ects on a variety of reproductive processes and tumorigenesis were reported by previous study, but the mechanism of estrogen promoting neoplasia was still not clear. F-box protein (FBP) is the component of E3 ubiquitin ligase which takes part in a variety of key biological processes. In this study, using mature male zebrafish, which are more sensitive to estrogen treatment, we examined influence of 17 -ethinylestradiol (EE2) exposure on the expression of a series of hepatic FBP genes, which take part in a variety of biological processes, including tumorigenesis. The influence of EE2 on the expression of hepatic mRNA concentrations of FBP genes were quantified based on the expression of the optimal internal control gene in male zebrafish after 7-day exposure to EE2, from a low-dose concentration (1 ng/L) to environmentally relevant concentrations (10, 100 ng/L). Our results showed that EE2 exposure reduced the expression of fbxl14a, fbxl14b, fbxo25 and -TRCP2b, but enchanced the expression of skp2. While the alterations in fbxl2, fbxw7, fbxo9, -TRCP2a, fbxl18 and fbxo45 mRNA levels were not observed after EE2 exposure. Thus, our results showed that the expression of hepatic FBP genes exhibited di erentially in male zebrafish exposed EE2. The changes of the expression level of FBP genes induced by EE2 may be an important clue to elucidate the correlations of estrogen and hepatic tumors.     

Effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on anaerobic digestion and its sludge dewaterability

To investigate the effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on anaerobic digestion and sludge dewaterability and further to probe into the influencing factors on sludge dewaterability, sludge flocs were stratified into four fractions: (1) slime; (2) loosely bound extracellular polymeric substances (LB-EPS); (3) tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS); and (4) EPS-free pellets. The results showed that ultrasonic pretreatment increased the anaerobic digestion efficiency by 7%–8%. Anaerobic digestion without ultrasonic pretreatment deteriorated the sludge dewaterability, with the capillary suction time (CST) increased from 1.42 to 47.3 (sec L)/g-TSS. The application of ultrasonic pretreatment firstly deteriorated the sludge dewaterability (normalized CST increased to 44.4 (sec L)/g-TSS), while subsequent anaerobic digestion offset this effect and ultimately decreased the normalized CST to 23.2 (sec L)/g-TSS. The dewaterability of unsonicated sludge correlated with protein (p = 0.003) and polysaccharide (p = 0.004) concentrations in the slime fraction, while that of sonicated sludge correlated with protein concentrations in the slime and LB-EPS fractions (p < 0.05). Fluorescent excitationemission matrix analysis showed that the fluorescence matters in the LB-EPS fraction significantly correlated with sludge dewaterability during anarobic digestion.     

2011年内蒙古自治区环境保护宣传教育工作会议成功召开

5月10日,内蒙古自治区环境保护宣传教育工作会议在呼和浩特市召开。自治区环境保护厅副厅长任福生出席会议,环保厅各相关处室、二级单位负责人及各盟市环保局相关人员参加了会议。     

大气污染对呼吸系统疾病的影响——以河南省A市为例

文章将二氧化硫(SO2)、二氧化氮(NO2)、可吸入颗粒物(PM10)等主要污染物的监测浓度值与呼吸系统疾病(支气管炎、肺炎、哮喘)住院人数进行相关性分析,以探讨A市大气污染对呼吸系统疾病的影响。研究结果表明,二氧化氮(NO2)和可吸入颗粒物(PM10)对支气管炎住院人数有显著影响,可吸入颗粒物(PM10)还与哮喘住院人数有密切的关系,因此A市大气污染可能与呼吸系统疾病的环境病因有关。     

基于ESDA-GIS的黑龙江省区域经济差异研究

文章以黑龙江省81个县(市、区)为基本空间单元,在ArcView GIS软件和GeoDA空间统计分析软件的支持下,利用2009年黑龙江省县域人均GDP数据,对黑龙江省县域经济差异进行分析,分析结果表明:黑龙江省2009年总体经济差异较大,经济重心、人口重心和几何中心均有较大偏移,总体上黑龙江省2009年经济空间差异较大;全局Moran’s I指数为0.387 6,空间自相关特性明显,经济发展水平相似的地区在空间上集中分布。在此基础上绘制了局域Moran’s I散点图和LISA集聚图,并采用空间插值获得局域I值分异图。     

污泥中一株产耐高温蛋白酶菌株的分离、鉴定及酶学特性

蛋白酶是水解蛋白质肽键的一类酶的总称,它可将蛋白质分解、转化为氨基酸,从而被动植物体直接吸收利用.基于此,以江苏省无锡市太湖新城污水处理厂的污泥为材料,通过观察水解圈大小和蛋白酶活性测定等方法,从中筛选出一株高产蛋白酶菌株TC16.同时,参照《伯杰氏细菌鉴定手册》和《常见细菌鉴定手册》,根据其形态学特征、生理生化特性,并结合16SrDNA序列的比对分析结果发现,该菌属于芽孢杆菌属菌株.对其酶学性质的研究发现,从该污泥中分离得到的菌株TC16分泌的胞外蛋白水解酶的活性最高可达621U·mL-1.研究表明,与其他芽孢杆菌属菌株相比,TC16菌株分泌的蛋白酶具有较高的酶活性,且具有较宽范围的pH和温度耐受性.     

自然之道 永续发展——可口可乐中国系统可持续发展报告摘要2010-2011(环境部分)

世界正面临着一系列严峻的可持续发展挑战,无论水、能源、气候还是经济发展,在这些共同的挑战面前,个人、企业和社会的命运紧密地连接在一起。在这个着眼全球、着眼未来的时代,可口可乐将充分     

穗花狐尾藻生长及酚类物质含量对光照强度的响应研究

沉水植物穗花狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum)能产生对水华蓝藻生长有抑制效应的酚类活性物质。为了揭示光照强度对穗花狐尾藻的生长及其体内酚类物质含量的影响,文章研究了不同光照强度下穗花狐尾藻的生物量及其顶端组织与茎中的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、总酚的含量以及与酚类代谢相关酶——苯丙氨酸裂解酶(Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase,PAL)的活性,结果表明:穗花狐尾藻生物量随着光照强度的减弱而显著降低;高光照强度和中等光照强度下,顶端组织中可溶性蛋白、总酚含量和PAL酶活都明显高于茎中各指标;茎中的总酚含量、PAL酶活性在低光照强度下显著高于高光照强度和中等光照强度下。     

里约20年回顾与展望

里约＋20峰会上,虽然各利益相关方在大会任务、主题、目标等方面具有共识,但各方在两大议题的一些具体立场上仍存在差异。大会成果文件是各方妥协的结果,其在最大程度上实现了各方利益的平衡,为世界经济的发展转型制定了新的目标。