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松材线虫对其携带的一株细菌繁殖和致病性的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用黑松(Pinusthunbergii)无菌苗和愈伤组织的接种试验证明,松材线虫携带的洋葱伯克霍尔德氏菌(Burk-holderiacepacia)B619菌株的繁殖及对黑松的致病性受松材线虫的影响.进一步的研究表明,松材线虫的分泌物及死尸均可促进该菌株的生长繁殖和致病作用,且活线虫的促进作用比死尸更加显著,这可能是由于松材线虫提供给该菌株某些重要的营养物质.试验还发现,松材线虫分泌液经高温处理后对致病细菌繁殖的促进活性下降.表5参18 相似文献
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Disinfection of reclaimed water prior to reuse is important to prevent the transmission of pathogens. Chlorine is a widely utilized disinfectant and as such is a leading contender for disinfection of reclaimed water. To understand the risks of chlorination resulting from the potential selection of pathogenic bacteria, the inactivation, reactivation and regrowth rates of indigenous bacteria were investigated in reclaimed water after chlorine disinfection. Inactivation of total coliforms, Enterococcus and Salmonella showed linear correlations, with constants of 0.1384, 0.1624 and 0.057 L/(mg·min) and R2 of 0.7617, 0.8316 and 0.845, respectively. However, inactivation of total viable cells by measurement of metabolic activity typically showed a linear correlation at lower chlorine dose (0-22 (mg·min)/L), and a trailing region with chlorine dose increasing from 22 to 69 (mg·min)/L. Reactivation and regrowth of bacteria were most likely to occur after exposure to lower chlorine doses, and extents of reactivation decreased gradually with increasing chlorine dose. In contrast to total coliforms and Enterococcus, Salmonella had a high level of regrowth and reactivation, and still had 2% regrowth even after chlorination of 69 (mg·min)/L and 24 hr storage. The bacterial compositions were also significantly altered by chlorination and storage of reclaimed water, and the ratio of Salmonella was significantly increased from 0.001% to 0.045% after chlorination of 69 (mg·min)/L and 24 hr storage. These trends indicated that chlorination contributes to the selection of chlorine-resistant pathogenic bacteria, and regrowth of pathogenic bacteria after chlorination in reclaimed water with a long retention time could threaten public health security during wastewater reuse. 相似文献
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夏云凤 《中国个体防护装备》2006,(1):43-44
“禽流感”、“非典”等高致病性传染病已成为当前人类面临的一大威胁。世界卫生组织及其专家预测:世界各地禽流感有上升趋势,最近几年内席卷全球的流感等传染病极难避免。为此胡锦涛主席指示,动员全国严防禽流感!温家宝总理要求各级政府采取坚决果断措施,控制和扑灭疫情。国务院下拨20亿元专款防控禽流感,并严防禽流感对人的传播。 相似文献
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全球高致病性禽流感灾害的时空变异 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用多种资源建立了全球高致病性禽流感灾害数据库,基于ArcGIS的空间分析和统计模块,对全球高致病性禽流感灾害的时空变异进行分析。结果表明:2003年以来全球高致病性禽流感爆发有三个流行高峰期,正好在2004和2005年的冬季;全球高致病性禽流感爆发的频率在最近几年里呈不断上升的趋势,地理空间范围不断扩散;高致病性禽流感的爆发在时间和空间上表现得更加集中。全球高致病性禽流感分布的总体特征表明在家禽密度高的区域,邻近家禽生产地的湖泊和水库附近,或者鸟类迁徒路线的交叉处,特别是那些重叠的区域可能是高致病性禽流感的多发地区。上述结果可为高致病性禽流感灾害的防控提供借鉴和依据。 相似文献
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海洋环境中存在着多种人类致病性病毒.本文综述了海洋环境中人类致病性病毒给公众健康、休闲娱乐带来的风险,病毒的发生及其在海水中的命运以及检测手段的进展,并对未来的发展方向进行了展望. 相似文献
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烈性呼吸道传染病防护装备链及其应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
烈性呼吸道传染病是指病原微生物通过空气传播的致命的强传染性疾病,如:传染性非典型肺炎、人感染高致病性禽流感、肺炭疽、肺鼠疫等。为防止烈性呼吸道传染病的传播,保护健康人群和环境.必须采取可靠的隔离措施,以切断传播链。传染病的传播链是指传染病在人群间传播所经历的所有路径,与传染病传播链相对应,防护装备链是针对传染病传播可能的路径所建立起来的一系列的物理防护屏障,主要包括针对健康人群,特别是医院内的医护人员的个体防护装备;针对传染病人转运的隔离装备以及传染病人的治疗单元等多个环节。传染病防护装备链的建立. 相似文献
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生物载体包括暴露的致病性微生物,毒素和生物活性物质的传播过程或现象,可能造成的生命死亡,损伤,疾病或其他对健康的影响,也包括财产损失,丧失生计和社会服务,以及对经济和环境的破坏。 相似文献