水位变化对湖泊沉积物营养释放的影响

水位波动可有效调节湖泊生态系统的结构与功能,干湿交替过程引起的沉积物生物地球化学循环途径的改变是其重要机制之一。大量研究结果表明,干湿交替将加速沉积物有机碳的分解,强化沉积物硝化与硝化作用的偶联,促进沉积物磷的酶促水解和厌氧解离,从而增加再度淹没之后水中溶解有机碳和生物可利用性磷的浓度,并减少溶解无机态氮的浓度。有机质的分解是上述过程的关键步骤。因此,必须系统描述湖泊水陆界面土壤和沉积物基本理化性状与水生生物特征,分析干旱过程中沉积物生物地球化学循环途径的变化,了解淹没过程中水柱营养状态与浮游生物群落对沉积物营养释放的响应,从而揭示水位波动调控富营养化过程的机制,即诱发营养脉冲或维系其持续补给,改变营养阈值,进而导致稳态转换。     

应用水培蔬菜净化滇池富营养水体分析研究

通过对福保乡水培蔬菜示范区的进出口水体中营养物质氮、磷、COD、氨氮等指标的监测数据分析,研究水培蔬菜净化滇池富营养化水体的作用、效果、水环境的改善以及由此带来的经济和景观价值。     

云南省九大高原湖泊营养状态综合对比评价分析

基于主成分分析理论和SPSS统计软件,建立湖泊富营养综合评价模型,以云南省九大高原湖泊为例,对滇池等九大高原湖泊营养状态进行综合评价,并与指数评价法评价结果作对比分析。结果表明：基于主成分分析法的湖库营养状态综合评价能较好地反映云南省九大高原湖泊营养状态,综合评价结果优于指数法。     

羟基磷灰石对Cd污染土壤中马铃薯生长及品质的影响

通过温室盆栽实验研究了施用羟基磷灰石改良Cd污染土壤对马铃薯生长及品质的影响.实验设置了3个Cd污染水平(0、5、10 mg.kg-1)、6个羟基磷灰石施用量(0、4、8、10、16、30 g.kg-1)和2个马铃薯品种(中薯3号、大西洋).结果表明,土壤Cd污染导致马铃薯单株产量下降(5 mg.kg-1的Cd污染土壤中降低24%～31%,10 mg.kg-1的Cd污染土壤中降低41%～45%),但是施用羟基磷灰石可以提高单株产量.相对于不施用羟基磷灰石,5 mg.kg-1的Cd污染土壤中施用10 g.kg-1的羟基磷灰石可以增产17%～39%,10 mg.kg-1的Cd污染土壤中施用30 g.kg-1的羟基磷灰石可以增产45%～58%.由于羟基磷灰石改善了Cd污染土壤环境,因此马铃薯器官中叶绿素含量和SOD活性明显上升,而MDA含量明显下降.施用羟基磷灰石也提高了马铃薯品质,马铃薯块茎中维生素C含量、淀粉含量以及蛋白质含量也明显提高.随着羟基磷灰石施用量由0 g.kg-1增加到30 g.kg-1,在5 mg.kg-1的Cd污染土壤中,马铃薯块茎Cd含量由0.87～0.95 mg.kg-1下降到0.13～0.21 mg.kg-1,降幅为78%～85%;在10 mg.kg-1的Cd污染土壤中,块茎Cd含量由1.86～1.93 mg.kg-1下降到0.52～0.65 mg.kg-1,降幅为66%～72%.实验表明,羟基磷灰石缓解土壤Cd毒性的主要机制是提高土壤pH值,降低土壤中有效态Cd含量,羟基磷灰石中的Ca阻碍土壤Cd向马铃薯迁移.但是羟基磷灰石对土壤Cd毒性的缓解效应是有限性的,过量施用可能对马铃薯生长和品质产生胁迫作用.在Cd污染土壤中施用适量的羟基磷灰石后中薯3号生长状况和品质好于大西洋,说明不同马铃薯品种对种植环境的改善有不同的响应.     

山谷里的百合花

她们没有艳丽的服装,也没有娇媚的目光,大山给了她们朴实的性格,山谷赋予她们坚强的品质.湖北荆门分公司坐落在延绵起伏的大山里,远远望去,炼塔、球罐在绿色的丛林中巍然屹立.很难想象一座现代化的油城就坐落在这个山沟里,很难想象这个油城已经有了36年的历史,更让人难以想象的是在这里15个女工能够操作一套炼油装置.     

浮床水蕹菜对养殖水体中营养物的去除效果研究

为研究浮床水蕹菜对池塘养殖水质的改善效果,于2007年6月至11月,在6个2000m2的标准养殖池塘进行了中试研究.3个池塘放养常规鱼类和部分名优鱼类,并利用浮床技术在水面上种植200m2的水蕹菜（Ipomoea aquatica）,另外3个池塘放养相同重量的常规鱼类作为对照塘.实验结果显示,种植塘的渔产量为1467k...     

盘点最没有营养的十种食物

俗话说有披着羊皮的狼,现在有一些垃圾食品也披上了健康食品的外衣,一定要小心鉴别哦!生活中,我们总是容易被各种美食诱惑,有一些是因为它们的味道确实鲜美,还有一些则因为在通常印象中,它们极富营养。其实,我们还真需留个心眼,因为有些食物非但没有想象中的对身体有益,过多食用,还可能产生负面影响。     

Effect of nutrient conditions on the toxicity of naphthalene to Chlorella pyrenoidosa

The toxicity of naphthalene to a freshwater microalga, Chlorella pyrenoidosa, and the subsequent recovery of algae from the damage were investigated under two nutrient conditions, either enriched with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), or starved of N and P. Results showed that C. pyrenoidosa was more sensitive to naphthalene under N,P-enriched condition, and the inhibitory rate generally increased at first and then decreased gradually with the evaporation of naphthalene under both nutrient conditions. Enriched N, P reduced the inhibitory rate at initial naphthalene concentration of 5 and 10 mg/L, but enhanced it at 100 mg/L, at which more severe ultrastructure damages were found than those under N,P-starved condition. Observed damages included partly or totally disappearance of nucleolus, nuclear, and plasma membranes. According to the chlorophyll content and cell density measurements, C. pyrenoidosa could recover from naphthalene damage with initial concentrations 6 50 mg/L in 7 days under both nutrient conditions, while they could not recover if the initial concentration of naphthalene was at 100 mg/L. Under the N,P-starved condition, the inability of C. pyrenoidosa to recover from the naphthalene damage was consistent with the results of high inhibitory rate, low value of specific growth rate (SGR, 0.05 day??1), and the severe destruction of cell structure. However, under the N,P-enriched conditions, the observed lower inhibitory rate, higher value of SGR (0.55 day??1), and the intact cell structure of most cells suggested that algae could potentially recover from the naphthalene damage.     

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alter the response of growth and nutrient uptake of snap bean（Phaseolus vulgaris L.） to O_3

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Glomus mosseae on the responses to elevated O3 in growth and nutrition of snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv Guangzhouyuan) were investigated. Exposure was conducted in growth chambers by using three O3 concentrations (20 (CF), 80 (CFO1) and 120 nL/L (CFO2); 8 hr/day for 75 days). Results showed that elevated O3 slightly impacted overall mycorrhizal colonization, but significantly decreased the proportional frequency of hypha and increased the proportional frequency of spores and vesicles, suggesting that O3 had significant effects on mycorrhizal structure. Elevated O3 significantly decreased yield, dry mass and nutrient contents (N, P, K, Ca and Mg) in both non-mycorrhizal and mycorrhizal plants. However, significant interactive effects were found in most variables due to that the reduction by O3 in the mycorrhizal plants was less than that in the non-mycorrhizal plants. Additionally, AMF increased the concentrations of N, P, Ca, and Mg in shoot and root. It can be concluded that AMF alleviated detrimental effects of increasing O3 on host plant through improving plant nutrition and growth.     

室内空气质量评价模型探讨

文章按时间顺序介绍了六个评价室内空气质量的数学模型。它们分别是歌舞厅空气质量指标模型、通风条件下室内VOC普适模型、居民住宅甲醛浓度预测模型、办公室甲醛浓度预测模型、通风条件下室内空气品质模型以及多孔建材中VOC扩散系数两尺度模型。针对每一个模型,文章都按照相应的适用条件、建模过程和应用效果进行了综述。目的是总结该领域的最新进展,为当下的检测工作与将来进一步的研究提供参考资料。