絮凝-微波诱导氧化联合工艺对焦化废水的处理

研究采用了无机絮凝剂聚合硫酸铁(PFS)联合微波诱导氧化工艺,考察絮凝剂用量、敏化剂用量、微波时间、微波功率对焦化废水CODCr、色度去除效果的影响,并通过稳定性实验考查该联合工艺的稳定性。结果表明,在絮凝剂投加量为800 mg/L,敏化剂用量为10 g/L,微波功率为900 W,辐射时间为6 min的条件下,对焦化废水CODCr、色度去除率分别为96.6%、96.4%,CODCr达到了《炼焦化学工业污染物排放标准》(GB 16171—2012)的直接排放标准,联合工艺出水稳定。     

诱导结晶反应器运行性能研究

以含铜废水为处理对象,将流化床和固定床两种诱导结晶反应器进行对比试验。结果表明:当进水含铜浓度为20 mg/L时,流化床反应器出水含铜量为0～2 mg/L,出水含铜量在0～11 mg/L;利用SEM-EDS可以发现,流化床形成的结晶产物生长致密、晶形明确、产物纯度高,固定床形成的结晶产物在载体表面分布不均、结构疏松,纯度较低。     

强电场环境下激光诱导击穿等离子体研究进展

激光诱导击穿光谱技术具有可远程测量、分析速度快、对样品基本无损、多元素同时分析、灵敏度高等优点,在高电压输变电设备检测应用潜力巨大.高压输变电设备安全运行所处电场强度较大,强电场对激光诱导等离子体信号的影响研究还不全面.为此本文综述了国内外静电场、快速脉冲放电对激光诱导等离子体的等离子体温度、平均电子数密度、谱线发射相...     

公路隧道纵向诱导风速对火灾烟气控制效果影响分析

针对某公路隧道采用集中排烟方式的工程实际,为了分析纵向诱导风速对隧道火灾烟气控制效果的影响规律,进而确定可能的火灾场景时的合理纵向诱导风速,采用火灾动力学模拟软件FDS构建了数值分析模型,并设计了相应的火灾工况.根据隧道实际交通流量、车辆类型及公路等级,确定了模拟火灾规模.分别分析了火灾规模为50 MW时隧道内不同火源位置(排烟阀打开段中部、上游1个/下游5个排烟阀、上游2个/下游4个排烟阀),不同排烟方式下(双向均衡排烟、上游端单向排烟、下游端单向排烟),不同纵向诱导风速情况时的隧道2m高处能见度、烟气蔓延范围及排烟效率,根据模拟分析结果,进而确定了不同火灾工况时的合理纵向诱导风速.结果表明:不同纵向诱导风速对集中排烟模式下烟气控制效果影响显著;特定火灾规模时,火源位置、排烟方式对合理纵向诱导风速的影响不大.     

上海多管齐下缓解停车难

5月4日上午,上海市相关部门召开静态交通工作会议,为破解停车难题寻求突破。会议透露,为缓解中心城区停车难问题,在广泛调查研究和听取意见的基础上,上海市政府各相关部门编制了《关于进一步加强本市停车规划、建设和管     

Radiation induced decomposition of a refractory cefathiamidine intermediate

Diisopropylthiourea（DPT）, an intermediate of a widely used cephalosporin, has been found to be one of the most refractory components in cephalosporin synthesis wastewater.This compound cannot be completely removed by conventional biological processes due to its antimicrobial property. Ionizing radiation has been applied in the decomposition of refractory pollutants in recent years and has proved effective. Therefore, the decomposition of DPT by γ-irradiation was studied. The compound was irradiated at the dose of 150–2000 Gy before a change of concentration and UV absorption of the solutions was detected.Furthermore, the decomposition kinetics and radiation yield（G-value） of DPT was investigated. The results of radiation experiments on DPT-containing aqueous showed that the DPT can be effectively degraded by γ-radiation. DPT concentration decreased with increasing absorbed doses. G-values of radiolytic decomposition for DPT（20 mg/L） were 1.04 and 0.47 for absorbed doses of 150 and 2000 Gy, respectively. The initial concentration and p H of the solutions affected the degradation. As the concentration of substrate increased,the decomposition was reduced. The decrease of removal rate and radiation efficacy under alkaline condition suggested that lower p H values benefit the γ-induced degradation. UV absorption from 190 to 250 nm decreased after radiation while that from 250 to 300 nm increased, indicating the formation of by-products.     

诱导沉淀结晶软化浓盐水的实验研究

采用诱导沉淀结晶的理论和方法开展了对浓盐水软化的实验,实验研究了浓盐水结晶介稳区的控制条件,考察了pH、温度、搅拌速度、镁离子浓度对浓盐水诱导沉淀结晶以及水软化效果的影响。通过实验表明了浓盐水在其结晶介稳区内可以自生成0.5~1 mm的大颗粒碳酸钙晶体,晶体易于沉淀分离,回收的晶体纯度达到95%,钙硬度去除率达到95%,具有较好的水软化效果。     

Oxidative stress and apoptosis of Carassius auratus lymphocytes induced by nonplanar （PCB153） and coplanar （PCB169） polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in vitro

Among all the 209 kinds of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) congeners, nonplanar and coplanar PCB congeners have di erent levels of toxicity on mammal cells such as neuronal cells, but little is known about their toxicity on fish cells although PCB congeners usually have high bioaccumulation abilities in the detected fish bodies. This study showed that 2,2’,4,4’,5,5’-hexacholorbiphenyl (PCB153, nonplanar congener) and 3,3’,4,4’,5,5’-hexacholorbiphenyl (PCB169, coplanar congener) caused apoptosis on the isolated crucian carp (Carassius auratus) lymphocytes and the induced cytotoxicity was structure-dependent. According to the laser confocal microscope observations, apoptosis was clearly distinguished by condensation of nucleus, shrinkage and formation of apoptotic bodies. DNA fragmentation was detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. These typical morphological and biochemical characteristics indicate the occurrence of apoptosis on fish lymphocytes. According to the flow cytometry analysis, after the cells were exposed to 10 mol/L PCBs for 3 h, the apoptotic percentage induced by PCB153 was 23.41%, while that induced by PCB169 was even higher (31.03%). Furthermore, incubating PCBs with fish lymphocytes enhanced levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA), clearly indicating the presence of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Our data also demonstrate that the di erent cytotoxic e ects induced by coplanar and nonplanar PCBs were correlated with their structural characteristics and the coplanar congener was more cytotoxic than nonplanar congener. This study suggests that cytotoxicity mechanisms of the PCB congeners on fish lymphocytes depend on their planarity and chemical structures.     

微波在活性炭水处理中的应用现状

对国内外微波在诱导催化氧化及再生等活性炭水处理中的研究进展进行了综述,阐述了微波诱导催化氧化及活性炭微波再生的原理、特点,并提出了今后应用研究中需要进一步关注的问题.     

基于微波化学的有机废水微波诱导催化技术和微波辅助高级氧化技术

结合近几年微波化学理论的发展,介绍了微波诱导催化技术和基于微波技术的高级氧化技术,包括:微波辐射-活性炭吸附法、微波Fenton试剂法、微波辅助光催化技术等在有机废水处理中的应用.并对今后该技术的研究和发展进行了展望.