室外空气污染对成人呼吸系统健康影响的分析

报告在广州、武汉、兰州、重庆市 8所小学共 80 0 0余名学生父母患呼吸系统疾病的病症率受空气污染影响的分析结果。每个城市城区污染点的成人感冒咳嗽和咳痰、未感冒咳嗽和咳痰、支气管炎等病症的发生率均高于相应城市的郊区对照点 ,且男性比女性更高。呼吸系统的病症率与空气 PM1 0 、PM2 .5 污染呈正相关。调整了混杂因子的影响后 ,这种相关关系仍保持不变。结论是 :空气中 PM1 0 的污染与成人 (男女 )的感冒或未感冒时咳嗽、男性未感冒时咳痰、哮喘、支气管炎有明显正相关关系 ;空气 SO2 污染与成人 (男女 )感冒时咳嗽、咳痰呈显著正相关 ;空气中 NOx 污染对成人呼吸系统病症率的影响相对较弱     

A study on the interactions among several plant secondary compounds and aphids

The research, focused on the specific interactions among seven plant secondary compounds and aphids, was carried out and the preliminary results showed: (1) "T-typed tube method" was regarded as the best method compared with others designed to observe the interactions. (2) Cabbage aphid was able to be attracted by laurolene while it was not susceptible to α-pinene, β-pinene and diamylene. (3) Gossypol, a major secondary substance in cotton, was able to be implicated as feeding attractant to cotton aphid. (4) Rutin might be implicated repellent to cotton aphid.     

A complete set of procedure for determination of multiresidue of pesticides in vegetables

A complete set of procedure for determination of multiresidue of pesticides in vegetables was presented in this paper.The complete set of procedure included three steps:bioassay,cholinesterase inhibition and GLC analysis.The samples could be identified to be contaminated with pesticides if 5% of house flies was knocked down in 50 tested house flies. Those samples contaminated with pesticides needed to be detected by AChE inhibition method.The qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out by GLC.Recoveries ranged from 83.7% in Chinese cabbages to 105.6% in tomatoes for pyrethroids,and 84.0% in tomatoes to 102.7% in sweetbell redpeppes for organophosphorus compounds.Coefficients of variations ranged from 0.59% to organophosphorus compounds.Coefficients of variations ranged from 0.59% to 7.87% for pyrethroids. and 0.33% to 9.88% for organophosphorus compounds with vegetables. The complete set of procedure has been used successfully to analyze 7000 samples collected in Beijing. About 1% of the samp     

Test for the effects of three surfactants on the penetration ability of the calcium chloride and water glass solutions in dust

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＣａｌｃｉｕｍｃｈｌｏｒｉｄｅｉｓｏｆｔｅｎｕｓｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｆｉｅｌｄｏｆｓｏｉｌｓｔａｂｉｌｉｚａｔｉｏｎａｎｄｒａｉｓｉｎｇｄｕｓｔｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｂｅｃａｕｓｅｉｔｃａｎｒｅａｃｔｗｉｔｈｗａｔｅｒｇｌａｓ（Ｗｕ，１９...     

Rh-Al-MCM-41上NO选择性催化还原的原位红外研究

利用气-固相固定床反应装置考察了Rh交换的Al-MCM-41在高气体空速条件下对贫燃NOx的选择性催化还原活性,考察了氧含量对其的影响。结果表明,在200000h~(-1)的气体空速、O_2/C_3H_6=20、603K时,NO转化率为74.3％。利用原位FTIR技术研究了该催化剂的表面吸附物种及表面程序升温反应行为,并结合实验观察探讨了贫燃条件下Rh-Al-MCM-41催化剂上NO的选择性催化还原机理。     

南京市郊区雾天大气污染及雾水中Hg的特征

根据南京市郊区雾的外场实验观测资料及采集的雾水样品分析,探讨南京市郊区雾水中Hg和雾天大气污染特征.郊区出现雾天时,不利于大气污染物的扩散,造成PM10,CO和总烃浓度先增加后降低,污染物浓度的变化与雾的生消基本同步;雾消散后SO2,PM10和NOx的浓度比雾前高2.5-10倍.雾水中汞浓度在2.956-7.205 μg·l-1范围内,平均为5.471 μg·l-1,浓度高值出现在雾的维持阶段;对Hg与大气污染物之间的关系作相关分析,其中汞与大气中CO的相关系数为0.939,说明其具有同源性.     

超声提取辅助浸入式固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱技术快速检测土壤中的有机氯农药残留

建立了超声提取辅助浸入式固相微萃取-气相色谱/质谱(DI-SPME-GC/MS)方法快速检测土壤中有机氯农残的新方法.该方法可实现分离、富集和进样一体化,减少样品前处理步骤.实验优化了DI-SPME的萃取条件、超声提取条件及GC/MS仪器参数.在优化条件下,9种OCPs在实验浓度范围(20—500 ng·g-1)内,线性关系良好,R2为0.9899—0.9987,方法检出限在0.67—1.76 ng·g-1,加标回收率在80.2%—117.1%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为10.0%—12.0%.结果表明该方法是一种简便快速、绿色环保的分析土壤中OCPs农残的方法.     

Rural landscape planning case study of Nanhua State Farm

１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＨｉｇｈｌｙｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｖｅｌａｎｄｕｓｅｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｉｎａｃｏｎｔｉｎｕｏｕｓｃｈａｎｇｅｏｆｌａｎｄｓｃａｐｅｓｉｎｒｕｒａｌａｒｅａｓ．Ｕｎｄｅｒｔｈｅｉｍｐａｃｔｏｆｃｒｏｐｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｍａｒｋｅｔｓ，ｌａｎ...     

Analysis on reasons for the Yellow River''s dry-up and its  eco-environmental impacts

The Yellow River, or Huanghe, is one of the most important river in China. It is the major water resources for north and northwest China. Since 1972, the Yellow River's dry-up has occurred frequently and become even more year by year. Except the huge loss to social life and economic development, the Yellow River's dry-up brings about great impacts to eco-environment. This paper analyzed the reasons and impacts from multi-aspect: effects of climate change, influence of human activities and impacts to delta's eco-environment, aquatic life resources, agricultural eco- environment, water pollution and flood prevention as well.     

新疆哈密马庄山金矿区次火山岩及其地球化学特征

马庄山金矿区位于星星峡一卡瓦布拉克地块、古生代岛弧东段北侧活动大陆边缘，有多种火山宕、次火山岩和侵入岩，而与金矿成矿关系最为密切的是海西中、晚期次火山岩。该矿区次火山岩有花岗闪长斑岩、石英斑岩、花岗斑岩、隐爆角砾岩（简称花岗质岩）和辉绿岩。因此，在区域地质背景和矿区地质特征分析基础上，着重对次火山岩及其地球化学特征进行系统研究，结果认为．该矿区花岗质岩为高硅富钾贫铝钙碱性同熔（1）型花岗岩类，岩浆源区来自中下地壳；辉绿岩则为富钠碱性正常型基性岩类，岩浆源区来自下地壳。前者含Co、Pb、Zn、Sn、As、Bi、W、Mo、An、Ag、Tc等元素较高，有重要找矿前景；后者含Ba、Pb、Zn、Tl、As、Bi、Au、Ag、Tc等元素较高，也可为成矿提供物源。这些认识，对该区次火山岩特征、性质、成矿关系和构造背景，以及进一步找矿都有重要理论和实践指导意义。