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251.
Remediation of copper polluted red soils with clay materials 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Attapulgite and montmorillonite were utilized to remediate heavy metal polluted red soils in Guixi City, Jiangxi Province, China.
The e ects of clay minerals on availability, chemical distribution, and biotoxicity of Cu and Zn were evaluated. The results provided
a reference for the rational application of clay materials to remediate heavy metal contaminated soils. From the sorption experiment,
the maximum adsorbed Cu2+ by attapulgite and montmorillonite was 1501 and 3741 mg/kg, respectively. After polluted red soil was
amended with attapulgite or montmorillonite and cultured at 30 and 60 days, soil pH increased significantly compared to the control. An
8% increase in the amount of montmorillonite in soil and 30 days incubation decreased acid exchangeable Cu by 24.7% compared to the
control red soil. Acid exchangeable Cu decreased with increasing amounts of attapulgite and montmorillonite, with best remediation
e ect reached at a dose of 8%. Results also showed that the Cu poisoning e ect on earthworms was reduced with the addition of
attapulgite and montmorillonite. Montmorillonite showed the best e ect, with the addition of a 2% dose the mortality of earthworms
decreased from 60% to zero compared to the control. Our results indicated that the bioavailability of Cu in soils was reduced more
e ectively with the application of montmorillonite than attapulgite. 相似文献
252.
Comparative study of heavy metal and pathogenic bacterial contamination in
sludge and manure in biogas and non-biogas swine farms 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Phitsanu Tulayakul Alongkot Boonsoongnern Suwicha Kasemsuwan Srisamai Wiriyaramp Juree Pankumnoe Suwanna Tippayaluck Hathairad Hananantachai RatchaneekornMingkhwan Ramnaree Netvichian Sutha Khaodhiar 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(6):991-997
The objective of this study is to determine and compare the heavy metal (Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb) and bacterial (E. coli, coliform and
Salmonella spp.) contamination between swine farms utilizing biogas and non-biogas systems in the central part of Thailand. Results
showed that average levels of E. coli, coliform, BOD, COD, Zn, Cu and Pb in sludge from the post-biogas pond were higher than the
standard limits. Moreover, the levels of E. coli, coliform, Cd and Pb were also higher than the standard limits for dry manure. The levels
of E. coli, coliform and BOD on biogas farms were lower than on non-biogas farms. Following isolation of Salmonella spp:; it was
found that Salmonella serovars Rissen was the most abundant at 18.46% (12/65), followed by Anatum 12.31% (8/65), and Kedougou
9.23% (6/65). The pathogenic strains of Salmonella serovars Paratyphi B var. java and Typhimurium were present in equal amounts at
4.62% (3/65) in samples from all swine farms. This study revealed that significant reduction in E. coli and coliform levels in sludge
from covered lagoon biogas systems on swine farms. The presence of Salmonella as well as Cd and Pb, in significant amount in dry
manure, suggests that there is a high probability of environmental contamination if it is used for agricultural purposes. Thus, careful
waste and manure disposal from swine farms and the regular monitoring of wastewater is strongly recommended to ensure the safety
of humans, other animals and the environment. 相似文献
253.
Achour Terbouche Chafia Ait Ramdane-Terbouche Didier Hauchar Safia Djebbar 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(7):1095-1103
The adsorption capacities of new humic acids isolated from Yakouren forest (YHA) and Sahara (Tamenrasset: THA) soils (Algeria)
and commercial humic acid (PFHA) on polyaniline emeraldine base (PEB) were studied at pH 6.6. Also the adsorption of heavy
metals such as Cd2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+ on humic acid-polyaniline systems (HA-PEB) was investigated at the same conditions. HA-PEB
compounds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectrometry and cavity microelectrode. In addition,
batch adsorption and cavity microelectrode were used in the adsorption study of Cd2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+ on HA-PEB. To develop biocaptors
of polluting metals using a cavity microelectrode modified by HA-PEB systems, the adsorption kinetic and adsorption capacity were
investigated. The SEM analysis showed that the presence of humic acid affected the PEB surface and caused the formation of a
granular morphology. The maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) of PFHA, THA and YHA determined by adsorption isotherms were
91.31, 132.1 and 151.0 mg/g, respectively. Batch adsorption results showed that qmax of Cd2+, Zn2+ and Ni2+ on HA-PEB followed
the order: THA-PEB > YHA-PEB > PFHA-PEB. The voltammograms obtained with HA-PEB modified cavity microelectrode showed
the appearance of new redox couples reflecting the adsorption of HA on PEB. Metal-humic acid-polyaniline voltammograms were
characterized by appearance of oxidation-reduction couples or reduction wave corresponding to metal. Finally, the result may be
exploited to develop a biocaptor based on the cavity microelectrode amended by THA-PEB and YHA-PEB. 相似文献
254.
从频频发生的“血铅事件”到震惊全国的“镉米风波”,我国重金属污染警钟频频敲响。我国重金属污染正由大气、水体向土壤污染转移,土壤重金属污染已进入一个“集中多发期”,对居民身体健康和农产品安全构成严重威胁。 相似文献
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260.
土壤重金属污染的生物修复技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
随着城市化和工业化的加速,土壤的重金属污染问题日趋严重。生物修复技术作为一种环境友好型治理措施越来越受到关注,其主体主要包括植物修复、动物修复以及微生物修复。文章首先综述了生物修复土壤重金属污染的机理及其研究进展,其中植物修复包括降解、提取、挥发、根系钝化以及固定等,而微生物修复机理主要包括生物富集、生物吸着以及生物转化;其次分析了生物修复技术的局限性,如超富集植物积累重金属的单一性,植物的生长速度慢、积累效率低、适应性弱,微生物的种间拮抗作用等;最后对其发展前景提出展望,认为通过加强国际交流,重视多学科的交叉应用,以及合理配置人才与资源等措施,有利于突破技术瓶颈,发展出更具应用价值的复合修复技术。 相似文献