Concentrations and chemical forms of potentially toxic metals in road-deposited sediments from different zones of Hangzhou, China

The 25 road-deposited sediments were collected from five different land-use zones (industrial, residential, commercial, park, and countryside) in Hangzhou, China. The concentrations of metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in these samples were determined using the ICP-AES after digestion with the mixture of HNO3-HF-HCl (aqua regia), and chemically fractionated using the modified BCR (the European Community Bureau of Reference) sequential extraction procedure. The highest metal concentration level was detected in the sample from industrial zone and commercial zone having heavy traffic. While the lowest metal level was noted in the street dust sample from residential zone, park, and countryside zone. The mobility sequence based on the sum of the BCR sequential extraction stages was: Zn (80.28%), Pb (78.68%), Cd (77.66%) ＞ Cu (73.34%) ＞ Mn (67.92%) ＞ Co (41.66%) ＞ Ni (30.36%) ＞ Cr (21.56%), Fe (20.86%). Correlation analysis and principal component analysis were applied to the data matrix to evaluate the analytical results and to identify the possible pollution sources of metals. Factor analysis showed that these areas were mainly contaminated by three sources, namely lithology, traffic, and industry.     

Adverse effects of metal exposure on chemotaxis towards water-solubleattractants regulated mainly by ASE sensory neuronin nematode Caenorhabditis elegans

Chemotaxis to water-soluble attractants is mainly controlled by ASE sensory neuron whose specification is regulated by che-1 inCaenorhabditis elegans. Our data suggested that exposure to high concentrations of metals, such as Pb, Cu, Ag, and Cr, would resultin severe defects of chemotaxis to water-soluble attractants of NaCl, cAMP, and biotin. Moreover, the morphology of ASE neuronstructures as observed by relative fluorescent intensities and relative size of fluorescent puncta of cell bodies, relative lengths of sensoryendings in ASE neurons, and the expression patterns of che-1 were obviously altered in metal exposed animals when they meanwhileexhibited obvious chemotaxis defects to water-soluble attractants. In addition, the dendrite morphology could be noticeably changedin animals exposed to 150 mol/L of Pb, Cu, and Ag. Furthermore, we observed significant decreases of chemotaxis to water-solubleattractants in Pb exposed che-1 mutant at concentrations more than 2.5 mol/L, and in Cu, Ag, and Cr exposed che-1 mutant atconcentrations more than 50 mol/L. Therefore, impairment of the ASE neuron structures and functions may largely contribute to theappearance of chemotaxis defects to water-soluble attractants in metal exposed nematodes.     

现应用的染整助剂环境毒理概述

文章阐述了染整助剂的环境行为、环境毒理和对生物体的毒性。阐述了开发无毒害和可降解的染整助剂的重要性。     

金属波纹填料在废油处理中应用的研究

文章主要对其结构特征进行剖析,并对波纹板在油液处理过程中的作用原理进行分析。通过两种油水分离材料进行真空脱水试验,真空脱水第一次循环中,金属波纹板的脱水率为79.12%,较传统折叠丝网脱水率高21%,证明金属波纹填料对废油真空脱水有良好的效果。最后通过两种不同规格的金属波纹板填料进行真空脱水试验,证明比表面积较大的350Y波纹板填料在废油脱水中并不优于比表面积较小的250Y金属波纹板填料。     

《生态毒理学报》影响因子大幅度提高

<正>在各位专家学者及编辑部同仁共同努力下,《生态毒理学报》影响因子又有大幅度提高,根据最新的《中国科技期刊引证报告(2009)》统计,《生态毒理学报》影响因子为1.527(扩展版)和     

液-固流化床回收印刷线路板中金属的研究

根据废弃印刷线路板中材料密度不同,采用水介质流化床对印刷线路板粉末中的金属进行回收,对0.25～0.177、0.177～0.104、0.104～0.074和-0.074 mm 4个粒级范围内的物料进行分选试验。试验结果表明,在上述4个粒级范围内,随介质流速的增大,金属回收率降低;金属回收率η与实际操作速度（ua）和颗粒终端沉降速度（ut）的比值φ（ua/ut）存在一定线性关系,分析模拟了η与φ之间的相关性方程,外推试验的结果证明了相关性方程的可靠性;在合适的操作条件下,各粒级范围内金属的回收率分别为95.02%、90.07%、87.5%和92.68%。     

金属污染物对神经系统损害及毒性机制研究进展

神经系统与生物体其他系统联系密切,共同维持机体正常的结构和功能.环境中的金属污染物可通过多种途径进入生物体,干扰幼年或成年动物神经系统的发育和功能,其损害机制是目前研究的热点.本文系统地总结了汞、铅和铝等金属污染物对神经系统的损害作用,着重在细胞、分子和基因水平上阐述了金属对神经系统的毒性机制,在此基础上分析了当前研究的不足之处和发展趋势,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望.     

某输气管道漏磁内检测金属损失缺陷验证检测及评价

某输气管道在首次漏磁内检测时发现2处大于20%WT(Wall Thickness,壁厚)的管道本体缺陷,对缺陷开展了基于内检测数据的开挖验证及检测,并将实测结果和内检测报告结果进行比对来验证内检测器性能规格。结果显示：内检测报告的金属损失缺陷深度比实测值偏小,但在可信度为90%的精度范围内;报告的缺陷长度、宽度及周向定位与实测值间存在偶然性偏差,需进一步扩大开挖验证。采用ASME B31G标准对2处缺陷进行适用性评价,结果表明管道估计维修因子（ERF）均小于1,满足承压能力要求,无须立即修复。     

制备ZnO/CdS/Au异质结用于可见光催化降解低浓度甲醛

采用水热法和化学浴沉积法制备了ZnO/CdS/Au异质结光催化剂,用于可见光下室温去除低浓度甲醛。通过XRD、SEM、TEM、XPS、UV、PL、PEC、EIS等手段对ZnO/CdS/Au异质结光催化剂的光学性能、光电性能进行表征。结果表明,Au负载的ZnO/CdS纳米棒组成的微米花状结构中,异质结和金属等离子体效应能拓宽光谱吸收范围,抑制半导体缺陷发光,促进光吸收以及光生电子空穴的分离和迁移;所制备的ZnO/CdS/Au异质结光催化剂对甲醛的去除具有优异性能,室温下2 h即可将反应舱内低质量浓度甲醛(1.25 mg·m⁻³)降至0.025 mg·m⁻³以下,且经过8次重复使用后催化剂活性没有明显下降。此外,影响甲醛去除的因素,如催化剂种类、光照波长、甲醛初始质量浓度、相对湿度也进行了研究和探讨。该研究结果对低浓度甲醛的室温去除具有理论指导意义。     

环境污染与防治网络版论文摘要

过渡金属改性活性炭脱除低浓度SO2的研究,氟化物对构树叶片中抗氧化系统的影响,室内外臭氧浓度变化规律研究,浅谈浮动生物床—毛管渗析工艺的应用，透水混凝土生态膜法去除城市污水中氨氮的工艺条件初探，固体废物堆肥胡敏酸光谱学特性研究进展