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901.
Release of domestic sewage leads to accumulation of xenoestrogens in holding waters, especially in closed or semi-enclosed waters such as lakes. In the study, the occurrence, distribution, estrogenic activity and risk of eight xenoestreogens were evaluated in Lake Donghu, China. Nonylphenol (NP), octylphenol (OP), and bisphenol A (BPA) were identified as the main xenoestrogens ranging from tens of ng L−1 (in the surface water) or ng g−1 dw (in the suspended particles and sediment) to tens of μg L−1 or μg g−1 dw. The sum of 17β-estradiol equivalents (∑EEQs) ranged from 0.32 to 45.02 ng L−1 in the surface water, 0.53 to 71.86 ng g−1 dw in the suspended particles, and 0.09 to 24.73 ng g−1 dw in the sediment. Diethylstilbestrol (DES) was determined as the main contributor to ∑EEQs followed by NP. The risk assessment showed a higher risk in the surface water than in the suspended particles and sediment in such domestic sewage-holding lake. 相似文献
902.
以成型TiO2作为载体,通过浸渍法制备了Mn-Ce/TiO2低温SCR催化剂,并系统研究了制备方法、煅烧条件、活性组分担载量、Mn含量等参数对催化剂催化还原NO性能的影响。结果表明,煅烧温度的升高会促使活性组分结晶度的提高,从而引起催化活性的降低,在500℃和600℃下所得Mn-Ce/TiO2催化剂活性组分为无定型态,表现出较高的脱硝活性。活性组分担载量的增加有利于催化活性的提高。Mn含量对Mn-Ce/TiO2催化剂的活性有较大影响,当Mn/(Mn+Ce)摩尔比为40%和85%时,催化剂活性最高。 相似文献
903.
Urs Baumann Hanspeter Indermaur und Ernst Pletscher 《Umweltwissenschaften und Schadstoff-Forschung》2000,12(2):63-67
Zusammenfassung Zur ?kotoxikologischen Beurteilung von belastetem Wasser werden h?ufig einfache Biotests eingesetzt. Nicht selten werden dabei
toxische Effekte festgestellt. Es stellt sich dann die Frage nach den verantwortlichen Wasserinhalts-stoffen. Durch Festphasenextraktion
(SPE) werden diese angereichert, gewonnen und dünnschichtchromatographisch unter Verwendung der automatisierten Mehrfachentwicklung
aufgetrennt. Von der DC-Platte wird ein Streifen abgetrennt und darauf direkt die biologische Detektion mit Mikroorganismen
(Bacillus subtilis, Leuchtbakterien) durchgeführt. Dadurch k?nnen toxische Banden erkannt werden, Auf dem DC-Plattenrest wird von der toxischen
Bande mit einem DC-scanner ein UV-Spektrum aufgenommen, die entsprechende Bande herausgekratzt, der toxische Stoff eluiert
und infrarotspektroskopisch untersucht. Durch Spektrenvergleich gelingt es meistens, den Stoff zu charakterisieren.
In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird am Beispiel eines Zitzengummieluates das Analysenkonzept vorgestelit. Es zeigte sich, dass
dieser Gummiartikel einen Vulkanisationsbeschleuniger (2-Mercaptobenzothiazol) freisetzt.
Online-Publikation am: 21.12.1999 相似文献
904.
Kurt E. Richardson Nelson A. Cox Doug E. Cosby Mark E. Berrang Nicole L. Holcombe Cheryl E. Weller 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2019,54(4):313-316
The pH of Salmonella pre-enrichment media can become acidic (pH 4.0–5.0) when feeds/ingredients are incubated for 24?h. Salmonella in feed that have been stressed by heat and desiccation exhibit different pH tolerances than non-stressed cultures. Acidic conditions can result in cell injury/death and affect biochemical pathways. In this study, eight serotypes of Salmonella were grown in sterile meat and bone meal that was subjected to desiccation and heat stress. Cultures of non-stressed and stressed isolates were subsequently exposed to acidic pH from 4.0 to 7.0 in 0.5?pH increments (3 replicates/pH increment) in citrate buffer. At 6 and 24?h, serial dilutions were plated in duplicate on XLT-4 (xylose lysine tergitol-4) agar. Four serotypes showed an impaired ability to decarboxylate lysine on XLT-4. This inability to decarboxylate lysine was dependent on isolate, stress status, and incubation time. When the isolates’ ability to decarboxylate lysine was examined using biochemical tests, cultures were found to be able to decarboxylate lysine with the exception of S. Infantis. This suggests that XLT-4 contains a biochemical stressor(s) which affects the rate of decarboxylation by these Salmonella. These results suggest that acidic conditions may influence the detection and confirmation of Salmonella in feed. 相似文献
905.
Siyuan Bi Zhanrui Huang Fanghong Nie Xiaobo Wang Lijun Sun 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2019,54(5):416-423
T-2 toxin (T-2), one of the naturally occurring mycotoxins, often accumulates in aquatic animals from contaminated feed. Shrimp (n?=?30 per group) were fed with different concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.5, 4.5 and 13.5?mg kg?1) of T-2 for 20?days. Changes in histopathology, fatty acid and water distribution of shrimp muscle were analyzed. Histopathology of shrimp muscle showed dose-dependent marked degenerative and necrotic changes on exposure to dietary T-2. The T-2 significantly (P?<?0.05) affected the muscle fatty acid composition. ∑SFA, ∑MUFA and ∑PUFA initially decreased and then increased slowly in the high-dosed groups. C16:0, C18:1n-9 and C18:2n-6 were the main saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), respectively. Also, T-2 significantly affected water distribution in shrimp muscle. High doses of T-2 reduced free water content, resulting in a reduction in the water holding capacity and hence changes to the shrimp muscle quality. Collectively, these results illustrated that T-2 significantly affects the fatty acid and water distribution, and also muscle histopathology, all of which would result in a reduction in the quality and nutritional value of shrimp. 相似文献
906.
907.
黄泥土不同粒径微团聚体对Cd2+的吸附与解吸研究 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
对采自太湖地区黄泥土进行了低能量超声波分离,采用平衡吸附法研究了不同粒径微团聚体颗粒对重金属Cd2+的吸附和解吸特点.结果表明,不同粒径微团聚体对Cd2+的吸附特性均符合Freundlich方程,模拟方程得到的K值介于152~503之间,以粘粒级和粗砂级为最大.微团聚体对Cd2+的吸附容量与其中游离氧化铁含量、CEC呈显著正相关.不同微团聚体Cd的解吸特点不同,粘粒级的解吸率仅为8.4%,远远低于其它粒径的微团聚体,这些结果有助于了解田间条件下土壤重金属化学行为和微观尺度的化学过程. 相似文献
908.
利用光化学机制RADM2、CBM-Z建立箱模式,分析了影响O3生成的主要物理、化学因子,将这些因子进行分档计算,建立了能够描述光化学反应中O3及其前体物(挥发性有机物VOC、氮氧化物NOx)浓度变化的查算表,并在区域空气质量模式CALGRID中加以应用.通过对2006年1、4、7、10月珠江三角洲的模拟计算和比较分析表明,查表法显著提高了计算效率,运算时间减少45%~48%,并且与光化学机制直接耦合计算结果符合较好,其中基于RADM2的查算表对O3模拟效果较好,而基于CBM-Z的查算表对NOx模拟更佳. 相似文献
909.
910.
The present article studies the effect of CeO2 and Al2O3 on the activity of Pd/Co3O4/cordierite catalyst in conversion of NO, CO, CnHm. The catalysts were characterized by temperature programmed reduction with hydrogen, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. It is shown that the effect of CeO2 on the properties of Pd/Co3O4/cordierite catalyst depends on preparation method. The catalyst obtained by co-deposition of cerium and cobalt oxides has higher activity in CO oxidation (CO + O2 and CO + NO) and total hexane oxidation (C6H14 + O2). Such phenomenon is probably caused by more than stoichiometric amount of formed oxygen vacancies, an increase in both mobility of surface oxygen and dispersity of components in the catalytic composition. It is demonstrated that CeO2 addition promotes the SO2 resistance of Pd/Co3O4/cordierite. The second support decreases the activity of Pd/Co3O4/cordierite catalyst in the reactions of CO and C6H14 with oxygen because of CoAl2O4 formation. 相似文献