清洁的胡椒基T醚生产工艺的研究I,5-丙基-1,3-苯并二氧杂茂的氯甲基化废水的处理

报道了胡椒基丁醚生产中５－丙基－１，３－苯并二氧杂茂的氯甲基化的废水处理，该废水经蒸馏可回收９４％的盐酸，此酸吸收氯化氢后浓度在３６％以上，可再用于氯甲基化反应。蒸馏残液经分油、Ｆｅｎｔｏｎ试剂处理和五次生炭柱吸附后ＣＯＤＣｒ等项指标均可国家二类污染物的一级排放标准。     

用BOD5/TOD值评价废水可生化性的可行性分析

在阐述ＴＯＤ的组成、可降解率等特征的基础上，探讨了用ＢＯＤ５／ＴＯＤ值评价废水可生化性的可行性及其存在的问题，并提出了相应的改进措施。     

Mo6+对活性污泥系统反硝化性能的影响

采用对比实验的方法,在不同初始硝酸盐氮和COD质量浓度的条件下,对人工模拟的活性污泥系统投加不同质量浓度的Mo6 ,以此考察Mo6 对活性污泥系统反硝化性能的影响。结果发现,Mo6 的质量浓度小于5mg?L-1以下时能够促进硝酸盐氮的去除,质量浓度为1mg?L-1时促进效果最好。Mo6 的质量浓度在4mg?L-1以下时,可以使COD去除效率增加,质量浓度为2mg?L-1时有最佳促进作用。Mo6 的质量浓度小于1g?L-1时可提高反硝化活性污泥的TTC-脱氢酶活性,过高质量浓度则表现出抑制作用。综合Mo6 的对硝酸盐氮和COD去除的影响规律以及对活性污泥TTC-脱氢酶活性的影响,认为Mo6 在质量浓度为1mg?L-1时对反硝化的促进作用最强。     

Gas/particle partitioning of atmospheric PCDD/Fs in a satellite town in Eastern China

Gas/particle partitioning of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in ambient air was investigated in a satellite town in Eastern China from April 2007 to January 2008 comprehending large temperature variations (from 3 to 34 °C, daily average). Molecular weight, molecular structure and ambient temperatures are the three major factors that govern the gas/particle partitioning of atmospheric PCDD/Fs throughout the year. Generally, good agreements were obtained (except for winter) between measured particulate fractions and theoretical estimates of both the Junge–Pankow adsorption model and Harner Bidleman absorption model using different sets of subcooled liquid vapor pressure and octanol–air partition coefficient (K_oa), respectively. Models utilizing estimates, derived from gas chromatographic retention indices (GC-RIs), are more accurate than that of entropy-based. Moreover, during winter, the K_oa-based model using the GC-RIs approach performs better on lower chlorinated PCDD/Fs than that of -based. Furthermore, possible sources of mismatch between measured and predicted values in winter (3–7 °C) were discussed. Gas adsorption artifact was demonstrated to be of minor importance for the phenomena observed. On the other hand, large deviations of slopes (m_r) and intercepts (b_r) in logK_p vs. plots from theoretical values are observed in the literature data and these are found to be linearly correlated with ambient temperatures (P<0.001) in this study. This indicates that the non-equilibrium partitioning of PCDD/Fs in winter may be significantly influenced by the colder temperatures that may have slowed down the exchange between gaseous and particulate fractions.     

油罐喷射火燃烧模拟

针对由一定压力的单相或两相介质泄漏或压力泄放系统排放引起的喷射火,利用gambit生成计算区域网格,得到相应的计算模型.再利用Fluent软件中的离散相模型计算气体流动,采用Realizable k-epsilon湍流模型和部分预混燃烧模型来预测燃料的燃烧,模拟了戊烷燃料燃烧和湍动多相流场,给出了燃烧速度矢量、温度和组...     

BOD_5样品分析中稀释倍数的确定探讨

首先正确估计出样品ＢＯＤ５浓度范围，并测定稀释水的溶解氧，然后根据稀释倍数公式计算出三个适当的稀释倍数，与其它方法相比，本方法省时、可靠、适用性强、能够确保ＢＯＤ５样品分析一次成功，在ＢＯＤ５样品分析中具有广泛的应用价值．     

青岛市采暖期PM2．5与大气能见度的关系

利用青岛市大气综合观测站的研究性监测数据,分析了2011年采暖期PM2.5和能见度的相关性,结果表明：①能见度在≤3km时,对应的PM2.5浓度超出0．250mg／m^3,属于严重污染;②PM2.5浓度对能见度的影响存在一临界区域,当PM2.5浓度低于该临界区时能见度会随PM2.5浓度减少迅速改善,临界值大致位于PM2.5浓度为0．100mg／m^3处;③相对湿度小于85％时,能见度与PM2.5浓度呈显著负相关。其中,相对湿度在60％-70％时,能见度与PM2.5浓度之间的相关性最好,PM2.5对能见度的影响最直接。     

全面安全管理-6 Sigma方法论

概述了最新全面管理工具 6Sigma方法论的概念、原理 ,以及 6Sigma持续循环的 5个阶段在现代企业全面安全管理中的应用     

Some observations on copper yields and ore grades

The paper examines trends in the average copper content of mined ores over the years. It has tended to decline over the long term, but by no means evenly. US averages are not typical of global averages, at least in the past four decades. Those have been both higher, and less volatile than in the US. One reason for falling averages is a change in the type of deposit mined, with a rise in the share of relatively low grade porphyry deposits. The different nature of their deposits is reflected in marked differences in grades between the different continents. African and Australian average grades are higher than the global average, and changes in the share of Central Africa in global output have affected the global average grade. Yields are have been consistently lower in North America than elsewhere, and Latin American average grades have trended downwards, reflecting both the ageing of mines and the rising share of production from porphyry deposits. Typically the yield of mines declines over time as mining proceeds. The average copper content of ore deposits is usually below the average yield of the ore accessed in the early years of production. The initial grades of new mines have not declined over the past forty years, and there has been no perceptible tendency for the average grade of porphyry deposits brought into production to decline over time. There is no apparent correlation between average grade and deposit size, but mine operators tend to exploit economies of scale to offset low grades. The relationship between the annual percentage yields (the head grade) and the reserve grades of deposits is not static. In recent years head grades have fallen closer to reserve grades. The relationship may be affected by movements in metal prices. Although the evidence about the influence of prices is not clear-cut, it does suggest that prices and cut-off grades may be inversely related. As many ores contain other valuable metals besides copper, copper yields will sometimes be subordinated to the extraction of these other metals. Copper equivalent grades have not moved in the same way as copper grades alone.