Epigenetic effect of long-term bisphenol A exposure on human breast adenocarcinoma cells

In this research, epigenetic effects of bisphenol A (BPA) on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells were analyzed. Genome-wide DNA methylation and gene expression were analyzed in MCF-7 cells exposed to BPA (10^?5 and 10^?6 mol/L for 5 weeks). No significant changes in the global level of 5-methyl-2′-deoxycytidine and 5-hydroxymethyl-2′-deoxycytidine were observed. DNA methylation profiling analysis indicated that BPA exposure resulted in the hypermethylation of FOXK2, LKB1, LMX1A and CUGBP2 and the hypomethylation of PTPRN2, TRIM27, BCAS3 and ZNF423. Decreased expression of apoptosis genes (P38 and BCL2L1) and increased expression of chemokine (Cxcl2 and ccl20) were detected. Changes of these genes were speculated to affect the ERα-related cell growth as well as cell apoptosis.     

Effect of iron addition on the performance of anoxic-oxic membrane process and biological phosphorus removal北大核心CSCD

In order to solve the problem of poor treatment of phosphorus in membrane bioreactor (MBR) with long sludge retention time (SRT), a ferric salt was added to enhance phosphorus removal; FeCl36H2O (Fe/P = 2.0) was added to the reactor. The removal efficiency of nitrogen, organic matters, and phosphorus in the MBR was investigated systematically. Moreover, this study focused on the membrane performance, the change of active sludge flora, and the effect of adding a ferric salt on membrane fouling before and after the addition. It was seen that adding the ferric salt could not affect the removal of COD and NH4 +-N and the removal rate of COD and NH4 +-N reached over 90%. However, the average removal rate of phosphorus was 52%, while the removal rate increased by nearly 40% after adding the ferric salt. The effects of adding ferric salts on the dominant bacteria and biological phosphorus removal of activated sludge were further studied. The results showed that the addition of ferric salt (Fe/P = 2.0) decreased the diversity of active sludge flora and relative abundance of some phosphorusaccumulating organisms and had a negative effect on biological phosphorus removal. The analysis of transmembrane pressure difference (TMP) recording revealed that the concentration of iron salts did not exacerbate membrane fouling. The results showed that the concentration of iron salts entering the membrane bioreactor would reduce the relative abundance and phosphorus removal efficiency of the activated sludge in the system to a certain extent, but it had no obvious effect on membrane fouling. It allowed the effluent to attain acceptable standards, especially with respect to phosphorus removal efficiency. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

微囊藻毒素-LR对雄性黑斑蛙精巢中CYP46A1,CYP2H2和CYP2G1 mRNA表达的影响

微囊藻毒素-LR(microcystin-LR,MC-LR)是分布最广泛和毒性最强的一种微囊藻毒素,对水生动物造成潜在的健康威胁。大量科学研究证实,动物体中的细胞色素P450酶(CYP)参与内源性物质及外源毒性物质的代谢过程。为探究两栖动物生殖器官中的CYP酶对低剂量MC-LR生殖毒效应的调节作用,选择雄性黑斑蛙(Rana nigromaculata)为受试动物,采用静态置换法和体内暴露方法,分别暴露于0、0.1、1和10μg·L~(-1)MC-LR溶液0、7和14 d;用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测精巢中CYP46A1、CYP2H2和CYP2G1的mRNA表达水平。结果表明,暴露于0.1、1和10μg·L~(-1)MC-LR 14 d后,CYP46A1在mRNA水平分别上调了1.86、1.65和1.22倍,CYP2H2在mRNA水平分别上调了4.62、1.80和1.04倍,CYP2G1的mRNA水平分别上调了2.63、2.16和1.56倍。MC-LR在1μg·L~(-1)剂量下暴露7 d后,CYP46A1、CYP2H2和CYP2G1 mRNA水平均出现显著上调。上述研究表明,微囊藻毒素对黑斑蛙精巢3种CYP基因在mRNA水平上都存在低剂量刺激效应。低剂量MC-LR能诱导黑斑蛙精巢中CYP46A1转录水平变化,促进胆固醇转化为24S-羟化胆固醇,潜在破坏雄性黑斑蛙精巢中胆固醇水平的平衡; MC-LR也能够诱导精巢中CYP2H2和CYP2G1转录水平的变化,潜在调节CYP2H2和CYP2G1转录水平,进而影响MC-LR的代谢作用。     

大气细颗粒物对小鼠T淋巴细胞亚群的影响

大气颗粒物对肺免疫系统有潜在毒性作用,打破免疫系统平衡,大气颗粒物成分中危害首当其冲的是大气细颗粒物(PM_(2.5)),为研究大气细颗粒物引起的机体T淋巴细胞中Th1/Th2免疫失衡方向。本研究通过免疫组化实验方法检测暴露后小鼠肺组织中T淋巴细胞的表达,进一步采用流式细胞术检测大气细颗粒物气管滴注后小鼠肺脏淋巴细胞中Th1/Th2比例。暴露组小鼠肺组织免疫组化研究结果提示浸润细胞区有大量的CD4~+T细胞,中高剂量暴露组小鼠肺组织中淋巴细胞亚群Th1/Th2比例向Th1偏移。大气细颗粒物影响免疫失衡,使T淋巴细胞向Th1漂移。     

A/O-电催化氧化法处理中转站垃圾渗滤液

采用A/O-电催化氧化法处理村镇垃圾中转站渗滤液,并针对工艺核心电催化氧化单元的相关运行参数进行探究。结果表明：使用椰壳活性炭作为粒子电极基体材料,以Sn-Sb作为活性催化剂,在初始pH值＜7、外加电压15 V条件下,电解中转站垃圾渗滤液效果较好;联合工艺连续运行阶段,当水力停留时间达到11 d时,原水COD从（31 098±1 270）mg/L下降到（391±44）mg/L,渗滤液可生化性（B/C）从0.336±0.020提升到0.719±0.024,可生化性显著增强。     

多段进水A/O生物膜工艺运行性能的研究

为提高多段进水A/O生物膜工艺的脱氮效率,按照进入各缺氧池的COD量与硝态氮量的比值相同,且等于一最优比值的原则进行流量分配,按照容积负荷相等的原则设计各反应单元,对多段进水A/O生物膜工艺的流量分配和反应单元容积分配同时进行优化,并采用三段进水A/O生物膜反应器试验了等流量分配模式下运行和优化模式下运行的出水水质的差异.试验结果表明,当多段进水A/O生物膜工艺在两种模式下采用相同参数运行时,优化模式下总氮(TN)去除率明显高于等流量模式,其分别为88.8%和80.3%.优化模式与等流量分配模式对COD和总凯氏氮的去除率差别不大(均可达到97%和98%以上).采用该优化设计方法可以显著提高该工艺的TN去除效率.     

对乙酰氨基酚修饰的后交联树脂对双酚A的吸附性能

用二氯乙烷为溶剂,用FeCl3为催化剂,使氯球和对乙酰氨基酚发生Friedel-Crafts反应制得了对乙酰氨基酚修饰的后交联树脂,对其结构进行了表征,研究乙酰氨基和酚羟基二类氢键作用位点修饰的后交联树脂对双酚A的吸附性能.结果表明,红外光谱显示对乙酰氨基酚已被成功地修饰在后交联树脂上.对乙酰氨基酚修饰的后交联树脂与氯球相比,BET比表面积、孔容明显增大,孔径明显变小.对乙酰氨基酚修饰的后交联树脂对双酚A的吸附量明显高于75%活性炭的聚砜微球对双酚A的吸附量.对乙酰氨基酚修饰的后交联树脂对双酚A的吸附为放热、自发的过程;树脂可以用100%酒精解吸,解吸率为99.92%;吸附动力学数据符合一级吸附速率方程,颗粒内扩散是吸附速率的主要控制步骤,吸附速率同时还受液膜扩散的影响.     

A2O工艺处理生活污水短程硝化反硝化的研究

在常温条件下,采用A2O工艺处理低C/N比实际生活污水,通过控制好氧区DO为0.3~0.5mg/L以及增大系统内回流比以降低好氧实际水力停留时间(AHRT),成功启动并维持了短程硝化反硝化;系统亚硝态氮积累率稳定维持在90%左右.在C/N比仅为2.34的情况下,短程硝化系统对总氮(TN)的去除率高达75.4%.通过对不同碳源类型、不同硝化类型以及不同DO水平下A2O系统脱氮效率的比较研究发现,低氧短程硝化反硝化阶段与外加碳源的全程硝化反硝化阶段的TN去除率相当.同时研究表明,低DO运行并不会导致A2O工艺发生污泥膨胀.当接种污泥为膨胀污泥时,控制DO在0.3~0.5mg/L反而有助于改善污泥沉降性能和出水水质.     

UASB+A/O+UF+NF工艺处理生活垃圾焚烧厂渗滤液

采用"UASB+A/O+UF+NF"工艺处理生活垃圾焚烧厂渗滤液,工程规模为150 m3/d,工程总投资500万元,运行成本为25元/t;污泥处理工艺过程为:(剩余污泥+厌氧污泥)浓缩→脱水→焚烧。工程设计进水水质指标为ρ(COD)=50000 mg/L,ρ(BOD5)=25 000 mg/L,ρ(NH3-N)=600 mg/L,ρ(TP)=15 mg/L,ρ(SS)=9000 mg/L,出水主要水质指标为ρ(COD)≤50 mg/L,ρ(BOD5)≤15 mg/L,ρ(NH3-N)≤10 mg/L,ρ(TP)≤0.27 mg/L,ρ(SS)≤4 mg/L,补充到电厂循环冷却水中回用,不但实现了垃圾焚烧污水零排放,还有着较好的经济和环境效益。     

花瓣状ZnO光催化处理双酚A和Cr(Ⅵ)废水

以乙酸锌、柠檬酸三钠和氢氧化钠为原料,在室温下磁力搅拌制得ZnO。经XRD、SEM和TEM表征,ZnO具有良好的结晶度,为花瓣状形貌。在模拟太阳光的照射下,光催化反应80 min,ZnO对质量浓度为25 mg/L的双酚A溶液中双酚A的去除率仅为32.0%,对质量浓度为20 mg/L的Cr（Ⅵ）溶液中Cr（Ⅵ）的去除率为60.2%。将双酚A与Cr（Ⅵ）溶液混合后,ZnO对双酚A和Cr（Ⅵ）的去除率分别提高至77.6%和94.2%。