水杨酸对多氯联苯污染土壤的修复和微生物群落结构的影响

以浙江省台州电子垃圾拆解地附近多氯联苯污染的农田土壤为研究对象,考察了施肥基础上添加不同剂量水杨酸(5、10、20 mmol·kg-1)对土壤中多氯联苯的去除、脱氢酶活、微生物群落结构及联苯双加氧酶基因相对丰度的影响.结果表明,施肥和施肥基础上添加水杨酸均能显著提高多氯联苯的去除率(p0.05),其中,三氯联苯的去除率最高(28.98%~34.53%).土壤脱氢酶活与多氯联苯去除率随水杨酸添加量的升高呈先增大后减小的趋势,均在10 mmol·kg-1水杨酸处理中达到最大.PCR-DGGE结果显示,水杨酸处理土壤中新增伯克氏菌属(Burkholderia)、潘多拉菌属(Pandoraea)、噬油脂极小单胞菌属(Pusillimonas)、鞘脂菌属(Sphingobium)、甲基杆菌属(Methylobacterium)和青枯菌属(Ralstonia).Shannon指数表明,10 mmol·kg-1水杨酸处理下土壤微生物最为丰富(p0.05).荧光定量PCR显示,bph A基因在不同处理间没有显著差异,但施肥和施肥基础上添加10、20 mmol·kg-1的水杨酸处理都显著提高了bph D.1.B、bph D.1.C、bph D.2.A和bph D.2.A/B基因的相对丰度.     

The relationship between the black carbon and bisphenol A in sea and river sediments (Southern Baltic)

This study was derived from field investigations to assess bisphenol A (BPA) concentrations in the sea and river sediments of the Gulf of Gdansk. Black carbon (BC) and total organic carbon (TOC) were identified as influencing factors on the accumulation. As a result of the transportation of BC with organic matter via rivers into the Gulf of Gdansk, the highest mean concentrations (11.26 ng BPA/(g dry weight (dw))), were determined in the sediments of river estuaries. Sediments in coastal stations were characterized by the lowest mean concentrations (5.73 ng BPA/(g dw)). TOC content below 0.1% determined the sorption of BPA on BC particles in sediments, and statistically significant correlation between the concentration of BPA and the BC/TOC ratio was found in these cases. In addition, dependency between the concentration of BPA and the content of BC was discovered in sediments where the BC/TOC ratio was > 0.33.     

Bisphenol A exposure alters release of immune and developmental modulators and expression of estrogen receptors in human fetal lung fibroblasts

Bisphenol A(BPA) has been shown to exert biological effects through estrogen receptor(ER)-dependent and ER-independent mechanisms. Recent studies suggest that prenatal exposure to BPA may increase the risk of childhood asthma. To investigate the underlying mechanisms in the actions of BPA, human fetal lung fibroblasts(h FLFs) were exposed to varying doses of BPA in culture for 24 hr. Effects of BPA on localization and uptake of BPA,cell viability, release of immune and developmental modulators, cellular localization and expression of ERα, ERβ and G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 30(GPR30), and effects of ERs antagonists on BPA-induced changes in endothelin-1(ET-1) release were examined.BPA at 0.01–100 μmol/L caused no changes in cell viability after 24 hr of exposure. h FLFs expresses all three ERs. BPA had no effects on either cellular distribution or protein expression of ERα, however, at 100 μmol/L(or 23 μmol/L intracellular BPA) increased ERβprotein levels in the cytoplasmic fractions and GPR 30 protein levels in the nuclear fractions.These paralleled with increased release of growth differentiation factor-15, decreased phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B p65 at serine 536, and decreased release of ET-1,interleukin-6, and interferon gamma-induced protein 10. ERs antagonists had no effects on BPA-induced decrease in ET-1 release. These data suggest that BPA at 100 μmol/L altered the release of immune and developmental modulators in h FLFs, which may negatively influence fetal lung development, maturation, and susceptibility to environmental stressors, although the role of BPA in childhood asthma remains to be confirmed in in vivo studies.     

Study of the effects of bisphenol A using human fetal lung fibroblasts

正Bisphenol A(BPA,2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane;CAS#80-05-7)is a highly produced industrial chemical,with an estimated four billion kilograms produced worldwide each year(reviewed in Vandenberg et al.,2010).BPA serves as a monomer in the manufacture of polycarbonate,a hard,clear plastic.Polycarbonate plastics are used in many consumer products,such as reusable water bottles.BPA is also widely used to make epoxy resins,which are used as coating on the inside of some     

A2/O工艺脱氮除磷的中试试验研究

以某污水处理厂初沉池出水为中试试验A2/O工艺进水,连续运行,考察温度、泥龄、溶解氧、厌氧停留时间对氮磷的去除情况.结果表明,系统硝化功能以20℃为界,低于此温度时系统氨氧化速率(AUR)由10.4mgNH4+;-N/L·h降为8.1 mgNH4+-N/L·h,亚硝酸盐氧化速率(NUR)由6.1 mgNO2--N/L·h降为4.8 mgNO2--N/L·h,氨氮去除率由98.8％降为51.2％.在低温条件下,泥龄由13 d延长至16 d,氨氮去除率升至82.5％.曝气采用固定氧供给模式和非固定氧供给模式对TN去除率影响较大,去除率分别为78.1％和63.8％.厌氧水力停留时间由0.93 h提高至1.86 h,TP去除率由40.5％提高至67.3％,厌氧阶段磷浓缩比由1.36倍提高至4.29倍.     

山区高校校园噪声环境监测及其评价研究

近年来,随着普通高等学校的扩招,学校噪声污染有加剧的趋势,校园噪声问题成为学者关注的热点之一.以商洛学院校本部为例,采用功能区实地布点监测法,收集了商洛学院11个监测点2015年3-4月11天的监测数据,利用等效连续A声级和噪声污染指数法进行噪声污染分析.结果表明:校园整体噪声污染严重,超标率达88.6%,噪声污染空间上集中于教学区的一号教学楼,时间上周内工作日较严重.噪声污染的主要原因是校内外的交通噪声和建筑施工.     

用A2/O新工艺处理焦化废水

介绍了充分利用旧有污水处理设施进行A^2/O法工艺技术改造的可行性，指出A^2/O工艺是今后焦化厂废水治理的发展方向。     

推动生态环境科技成果转化的对策研究

生态环境科技成果转化是打好污染防治攻坚战的关键之举，目前我国生态环境科技成果转化水平较低，还存在着工作体系不完整、供需脱节和缺少有效的对接渠道等问题。本文分析了生态环境科技成果转化的内涵及其特点，并针对现有问题，从建设体制机制和平台、搭建成果转化评价体系、发挥政府和市场双重作用、促进多行业成果融合的角度提出了未来推动生态环境科技成果转化的对策建议。     

内循环对A2/O-曝气生物滤池工艺脱氮除磷特性影响

在原水温度为15℃和C/N为4.9的条件下,以实际生活污水为研究对象,重点考察了内回流比为100%、200%、300%和400%时小试规模A2/O-曝气生物滤池工艺脱氮除磷特性.结果表明,该生化系统可实现有机物、氮和磷的同步深度去除.在总HRT为8.0 h、SRT为15 d、污泥回流比为100%和MLSS为4.0 g·...     

诺氟沙星对阿部鲻鰕鯱Ⅰ相、Ⅱ相酶活性及CYP1A1和P-gpmRNA表达影响

通过饲料暴露的方式研究了抗生素诺氟沙星（Norfloxacin,NFLX）对阿部鲻鰕鯱（Mugilogobius abei）Ⅰ相、Ⅱ相代谢酶活性以及CYP1A1和P-糖蛋白(P-gp) mRNA表达的影响。结果表明随着暴露时间的延长,NFLX对阿部鲻鰕鯱肝脏Ⅰ相代谢酶APND、 ERND均表现出先诱导后抑制的作用。24 h时NFLX的暴露浓度为20 μg?g-1对Ⅰ代谢酶APND和ERND的诱导达到最大值。当暴露时间达到168 h, APND和ERND均受到极显著抑制。Ⅱ相代谢酶GST和MDA在72 h受到最大诱导,经过168 h暴露后,GST活性逐渐恢复到正常水平,而MDA含量在50 μg?g-1浓度组仍然维持较高水平。CYP1A1和P-gp mRNA表达量随着暴露时间的延长而增加,168 h达到最大。APND、 ERND、GST、 MDA、CYP1A1 mRNA和P-gp mRNA响应敏感,适合作为NFLX暴露的生物标记物。 关键词：诺氟沙星;阿部鲻鰕鯱;肝脏酶活;CYP1A1;P-gp