Improvement of production of lipopeptide antibiotic iturin A using fish protein

To enhance the production of lipopeptide antibiotic iturin A, nutrient contents of the culture mediums were investigated in both submerged and biofilm fermentations. As a carbon source maltose and as nitrogen source, fish protein was used. In submerged fermentation maltose uptake was found lower (12%) compared to biofilm fermentation (15%) that was associated with higher cellular growth in biofilm. However, requirement of nitrogen (fish protein) concentration was found similar in both submerged and biofilm fermentations. Production of iturin A in submerged fermentation with 12% maltose and 5% fish protein was 4450 mg/L, and in biofilm fermentation it was 5050 mg/L when 15% maltose and 5% fish protein was used.     

低负荷进水的改良型A2／O曝气池的改造研究

工业集聚区都配套相关的污水处理厂,但是很多工业集聚区,在刚刚起步的时候配套的污水处理厂都面临配套管网建设滞后、收集废水量较少等问题。焦作市万方工业集聚区污水处理厂进水单一,生化性差,进水负荷低于设计值,曝气池连续曝气造成污泥解絮,间歇曝气导致污泥在反应区发生沉淀,为解决上述问题,在好氧区添加潜水搅拌器,能够合理控制溶解氧,防止污泥解体,并且还可以避免生物反应区污泥发生沉淀现象,降低了电耗,出水指标好,达到了设备改造预期效果。     

近年来北京市耕地多功能演变及其关联性

论文将北京市耕地作为一个整体,构建了北京市耕地多功能评价指标体系,基于2004-2011年统计数据,运用极差标准化法统一数据单位,分析了耕地多种功能的演变;运用改进的灰色T关联度分析了耕地各功能之间的关联性。结果表明：①2004-2011年北京市冬小麦、玉米和花卉生产功能显著增强,蔬菜和饲料生产功能显著减弱;生态环境功能用逆向指标表示且各指标变化不一,公路密度和农用塑料薄膜强度显著上升,农药强度波动下降,化肥强度波动上升。②耕地文化休闲功能显著增强;就业保障功能和生活保障功能显著减弱,粮食安全保障功能处于波动状态。③2004-2011年北京市耕地冬小麦生产功能和人均粮食保证率发展趋势最相近,其次为饲料生产功能与种植业从业人数比例。④农村劳动力机会成本越大,省工性作物可能具有更强的竞争力;耕地文化休闲功能和玉米生产功能越强,种植业从业人数比例越小;农民来自农业的收入比例越小,增产性投入越多。     

Photocatalytic degradation of endocrine disruptor Bisphenol-A in the presence of prepared CexZn1-xO nanocomposites under irradiation of sunlight

Photocatalytic degradation of Bisphenol A （BPA）, a representative endocrine disruptor chemical, was carried out under irradiation of sunlight in the presence of CexZn1-xO nanophotocatalyst. Cerium （Ce） ions were successfully incorporated into the bulk lattice of ZnO by simple co-precipitation process. The CexZn1-xO composite nanostructures exhibited higher photocatalytic efficiency than pure ZnO in the degradation of BPA under sunlight irradiation and nearly complete mineralization of BPA was achieved. The degradation rate was strongly dependent on factors such as the size and structure of catalyst, doping material concentration, BPA concentration, catalyst load, irradiation time and pH levels. This work suggested that the CexZn1-xO assisted photocatalytic degradation is a versatile, economic, environmentally benign and efficient method for BPA removal in the aqueous environment.     

Levels of toxic metal in Achatina achatina from parts of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

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Mixed surfactant washing of petroleum contaminants from the soils and sediments in the unsaturated zone

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＩｎｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓ,ｒｅｍｅｄｉａｔｉｏｎｏｆｐｅｔｒｏｌｅｕｍｃｏｎｔａｍｉｎａｔｅｄｇｒｏｕｎｄｗａｔｅｒａｎｄｓｏｉｌｈａｓａｔｔｒａｃｔｅｄｍｕｃｈａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｏｆｓｃｉｅｎｔｉｓｔｓｉｎｖａｒｉｏｕｓｃ?..     

Loss of ozone on sulfate and sulfide doped-ice surfaces

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＯｚｏｎｅｐｌａｙｓａｃｒｉｔｉｃａｌｒｏｌｅｉｎｔｈｅｅａｒｔｈ’ｓｅｃｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｂａｌａｎｃｅｏｗｉｎｇｔｏｉｔｓｓｔｒｏｎｇａｂｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎｏｆｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｌｙｄａｍａｇｉｎｇｉｎｃｏｍｉｎｇｕｌｔｒａ...     

壬基酚和双酚A降解菌株的分离、鉴定和特性研究

对深圳某污水处理厂反硝化除磷活性污泥进行驯化,分离筛选得到一株能同时降解壬基酚(NP)和双酚A (BPA)的菌株NB-1.根据对菌株的16S rRNA基因序列分析,结合菌落和菌体形态以及生理生化特征,初步鉴定菌株NB-1为Serratia marcescens(粘质沙雷菌).通过摇瓶试验进行了菌株降解条件的优化和降解特性的探索.结果表明,菌株NB-1降解NP和BPA的最佳条件为:醋酸钠投加量为20 mg·L-1,温度为32q℃,pH值为8,接种量为2％,在该条件下,对菌株降解不同初始浓度NP和BPA的过程进行了动力学分析,结果表明,降解反应前36 h符合一级反应动力学.NP和BPA降解的最适初始浓度为10～20 mg·L-1,当底物浓度均为10 mg·L-1时,NP和BPA的去除率分别为54.2％、44.7％,BPA的去除率达到最大值;当底物浓度均为20 mg·L-1时,NP和BPA的去除率分别为56.4％、40.2％,此时NP的去除率达到最大值.     

溶解氧对活性污泥胞内贮存物和除磷性能的影响

分别以乙酸钠和葡萄糖为碳源,通过间歇实验,考察不同溶解氧(DO)浓度对厌氧-缺氧-好氧序批式反应器中活性污泥胞内贮存物聚羟基烷酸酯(PHA)、糖原和系统除磷性能的影响。实验表明:DO对以乙酸钠为碳源培养的胞内贮存物PHA和糖原影响较大,并影响污泥的除磷性能;对以葡萄糖为碳源培养的胞内物质影响较小,可能是因为细胞内存在其他类型的胞内贮存物。     

四溴双酚A的鲫鱼血清蛋白生物标志物研究

以鲫鱼为供试生物,对四溴双酚A(TBBPA)的急性毒性、血清蛋白潜在生物标志物以及相应的毒性靶器官组织病理进行了研究,结果表明TBBPA对鲫鱼96 h的半致死浓度LC50是3.13 mg/L,TBBPA诱导下鲫鱼血清蛋白可区分为11个组分,各组分随时间和浓度的变化规律存在差异。组分11条带清晰,表达量变化幅度最大,在低浓度TBBPA暴露下表达量先降低后升高,第16天达到最高;高浓度时表达量在第2天达到最高。组分11的分子量为24 kDa,可能为鲫鱼斯坦尼小体(CS)中降血钙因子的解聚物。组织病理切片结果显示,鲫鱼肝脏和肾脏均表现出时间-剂量依赖性,且与组分11的诱导差异性表达呈现相应的病理损伤。因此,鲫鱼血清蛋白组分11对TBBPA的诱导具有浓度和时间响应敏感性,且易于识别和鉴定,可作为TBBPA暴露的鲫鱼血清蛋白潜在生物标志物。