排序方式: 共有29条查询结果,搜索用时 250 毫秒
21.
Ida Ferrara Paul Missios Halis Murat Yildiz 《Journal of Environmental Economics and Management》2009,58(2):206-225
In this paper, we consider a three-stage game in the context of a competing exporters model to compare and contrast the effects of discriminatory and uniform (Most Favored Nation, MFN) tariffs on countries’ choice over environmental standards for varying degrees of pollution spillovers. Because of the presence of punishment effects and stronger own and cross-tariff effects, we find that discrimination yields higher standards than MFN (and free trade) independently of the extent of pollution spillovers. When pollution is local and incentives to free ride on other countries’ abatement efforts are weak, we show, however, that welfare is larger under MFN than under discrimination. In a dynamic setting, we consider the impact of symmetric and asymmetric treatments on the sustainability of an international environmental agreement (IEA) and obtain that multilateral cooperation is easier to sustain under discrimination than under MFN (or free trade). 相似文献
22.
Wenjing Lu Yawar Abbas Muhammad Farooq Mustafa Chao Pan Hongtao Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2019,13(2):30
23.
We introduce ten papers on sustainable resource dynamics. In addition, we provide analytical results on the effect of stochastic damages on optimal economic growth, the effects of habits and loss aversion on the cost-benefit discount rate, and the effect of a carbon budget and carbon capture and storage (CCS) on optimal investment in technical change. 相似文献
24.
This paper investigates the social costs of second-best agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation policies. Adjustments along the land use and input intensity margins are represented within a regionalized optimization model of California crop production calibrated to economic and agronomic information. Second-best policies relying on spatially aggregated GHG emission factors lead to small abatement efficiency losses, while policies targeting a single GHG lead to moderate losses. In contrast, policies targeting a single input entail large abatement efficiency losses, which nonetheless can be reduced by combining instruments. 相似文献
25.
We assess the physical potential to reduce nutrient loads from waste water treatment plants in the Baltic Sea region and determine the costs of abating nutrients based on the estimated potential. We take a sample of waste water treatment plants of different size classes and generalize its properties to the whole population of waste water treatment plants. Based on a detailed investment and operational cost data on actual plants, we develop the total and marginal abatement cost functions for both nutrients. To our knowledge, our study is the first of its kind; there is no other study on this issue which would take advantage of detailed data on waste water treatment plants at this extent. We demonstrate that the reduction potential of nutrients is huge in waste water treatment plants. Increasing the abatement in waste water treatment plants can result in 70 % of the Baltic Sea Action Plan nitrogen reduction target and 80 % of the Baltic Sea Action Plan phosphorus reduction target. Another good finding is that the costs of reducing both nutrients are much lower than previously thought. The large reduction of nitrogen would cost 670 million euros and of phosphorus 150 million euros. We show that especially for phosphorus the abatement costs in agriculture would be much higher than in waste water treatment plants.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13280-013-0435-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献26.
限期治理在环境保护中有着重要的地位,但作为一种行政管理手段,已经与形式不合。本文指出在新《大气污染了防治法》中,限期治理的性质已经改变,成为法律责任的形式,并提出了相关立法建议。 相似文献
27.
污染减排是全国"十一五"期间的约束性指标,通过对安徽省污染减排现状形势及污染减排工作面临的困难分析,结合实际提出了严把招商关、发展第三产业、调整产业结构、强化污染监控和各项治理设施的建设管理等实现污染减排的措施,强调了实行清洁生产在污染减排中的作用. 相似文献
28.
Acid Deposition and Integrated Zoning Control in China 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
China's rapidly growing economy is coupled with the consumption of large amounts of coal. An energy mix dominated by coal
and inefficient energy utilization processes have led to increasingly serious problems of acid rain and sulfur dioxide pollution.
Moreover, trends in the emissions of acidifying air pollutants lead to predictions of a very serious acid deposition problem
in the future. In the absence of mitigating actions, these trends foretell a future of increasingly detrimental impacts to
ecosystems in China and, potentially, to ecosystems in neighboring countries. China has implemented a two control zone (TCZ)
policy, resulting in the establishment of acid rain and sulfur dioxide control zones, in an attempt to implement a cost-effective
approach to mitigating acid deposition problems. While some short-term successes have resulted from management actions associated
with the TCZ policy, it is clear additional measures and new policy directions are needed to reverse worsening acid deposition
problems in the long term. To this end the following recommendations are presented: adjusting the primary energy mix, placing
a greater emphasis on abating the effects of acid deposition, concentrating pollution control on large point sources, implementing
an emission permit system for coal-fired power plants, utilizing an integrated approach in designing and evaluating control
measures, and developing a greater research capacity. Research strategies must be developed that will lead to: (1) an improved
scientific understanding of the sources of acidifying pollutants, their associated migration patterns, and their impacts;
and (2) an identification of cost-effective mitigating strategies for the entire country. 相似文献
29.
Yanfei Chen Ji Zheng Miao Chang Qing Chen Cuicui Xiao 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(2):25