我国安全生产科学技术研究与应用最新进展

从安全生产科研队伍和中介机构、人才培养、实验室建设、科技成果产出、科研成果转化及其产业化等方面全面总结了近年来我国安全科技方面取得的成绩;同时从安全科技体制机制、基础条件、基础理论研究、投入等方面探讨和分析了存在的主要问题及严重不足;提出了安全生产科学技术在安全基础理论、关键技术、推广应用、资源整合、科研机制等方面的对策建议。研究表明,近年来我国安全生产科技工作成绩突出,问题也很多,应该用创新和改革的思路及勇气进一步推动安全生产科技的快速发展。     

Effects of implicit achievement motivation,expected evaluations,and domain knowledge on creative performance

This paper explores the effect of achievement motivation on creative performance. I also describe how expectations of differing types of evaluations and knowledge of the domain moderate the relationship between implicit achievement motivation and creativity. Results suggest achievement motivation, measured implicitly, is related to creative performance. Additionally, the effect of achievement motivation at the implicit level on creative performance is moderated by expectation of evaluation and domain knowledge in a three‐way interaction. The main effect for achievement motivation, assessed at the implicit level, as a predictor of creative performance holds when controlling for other factors previously tested as predictors of creativity, including a self‐report assessment achievement motivation. I conclude by discussing the implications of this research and provide suggestions for future research opportunities. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Indoor air quality and academic performance

I examine the effect of school indoor air quality (IAQ) on academic outcomes. I utilize a quasi-natural experiment, in which IAQ-renovations were completed at virtually every school in a single Texas school district at different points in time, combined with a panel of student-level data to control for many confounding factors and thereby uncover the causal effect of IAQ-renovations on academic outcomes. Results indicate that performance on standardized tests significantly improves while attendance is unresponsive to improvements in IAQ. Rough calculations suggest that IAQ-renovations may be a more cost-effective way to improve standardized test scores than class size reductions.     

The ecological context of student achievement: School building quality effects are exacerbated by high levels of student mobility

National reports along with numerous statewide studies indicate that the physical infrastructure of American schools is crumbling. At the same time there is emerging evidence that school building quality matters for children's academic achievement. We integrate two separate literatures that have demonstrated that low school building quality as well as high rates of student mobility each contribute to reduced academic achievement by showing that these two variables statistically interact. Elementary school children in 511 New York City public schools have lower achievement scores if they attend schools of poor structural quality and with high rates of student mobility. The significant main and interactive effects of school building quality and student mobility on standardized test scores occur independently of socioeconomic and racial composition of the school.     

基于协调度与熵权法的绩效评价新方法

自人们意识到绩效评价的重要性以来,越来越多的研究集中于绩效评价的方法。以往的绩效评价侧重用数字表象进行评价,而忽略了政府、企业系统及其与社会经济发展之间的特性。基于此,根据既有的信息熵理论研究成果,提出了协调度与熵权法复合评价模型,并运用该模型对2009年度河北省区域创新绩效进行了实证分析,既科学、全面地衡量绩效情况,又便于政府、企业及其与社会经济发展之间的系统分析,是一种绩效评价方法的创新,具有一定的普适性和通用性。     

华南地区11种高等水生维管植物净化城镇污水效益评价

采用定标、单项评分和综合评价的方法，从净化能力、抗逆性、管理、资源化程度和景观５方面，对华南地区筛选出的１１种高等维管植物净化城镇污水效益进行了评价。结果表明：黑藻、假马齿苋和水筛对污水的净化能力与风眼莲相当，而综合效能优于风眼莲。评价结果为城镇污水的处理提供了新的资料。     

农村生态家园建设的模式、成效与发展建议

农村生态家园建设模式是辽宁省首创的以沼气为纽带、将沼气池、畜禽舍、卫生厕所、日光温室等有机组合的能源生态综合利用模式。文章归纳了辽宁省农村生态家园建设模式3种类型：“三位一体”和“四位一体”型生态模式户、“多位一体”型生态家园、社会主义新农村;阐述了实施生态家园富民计划的生态效益、经济效益和社会效益;并有针对性地在认识方面、资金方面、科技方面和管理方面提出了几点建议,为各地推广、研究农村生态家园建设提供理论和技术参考。     

浅谈资源整合对沈江流域污染治理的成效

阐述了兰坪铅锌矿开采的历史,分析了沈江流域污染产生的原因。2003年后,云南金鼎锌业有限公司成立,矿区资源整合成功。详细介绍了金鼎锌业实施的一系列环保治理措施和取得的成效。     

中国生态环境监测40年改革发展与成效

改革开放40年来,我国生态环境监测事业从无到有、从小到大、从弱到强,生态环境监测管理体系、网络体系、业务体系和技术体系逐步建立与健全,陆海统筹、天地一体、上下联动、信息共享的生态环境监测体系初步形成,为生态文明建设和环境管理提供了有力的支撑。本文对生态环境监测发展的主要进展、成效与经验进行了梳理和总结,并根据当前面临的机遇与挑战,提出了未来生态环境监测的发展方向。     

中芬林业合作第十次会议的报告及启示

中芬林业合作自1994年以来，确定了生物多样性保护、亚热带森林生物多样性、洞庭湖湿地保护和培训等为合作的重点和优先领域．本文在简要回顾中芬林业合作特别是落实第九次中芬林业合作的基础上，着重介绍了第十次会议的8项主要成果、6点主要体会与6条建议。