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51.
对取自北极楚科奇海及加拿大海盆的10个沉积物岩芯分别在4℃、25℃培养温度下进行硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)分析,结合首次北极科考海洋沉积物SRB的研究成果,探讨了研究区SRB的分布特点.研究结果表明,4℃与25℃温度培养的SRB含量均为0~2.4×106个·g-1(湿样);4℃时SRB的检出率与平均含量分别为45.5%和2.06×104个·g-1(湿样),25℃培养条件下分别为73.7%和4.70×104个·g-1(湿样);柱状沉积物中SRB的检出率、含量范围、平均含量都明显高于表层沉积物中SRB的相关指标;岩芯中SRB含量分布与采样点的纬度、深度有一定关系,但这种关系不如表层沉积物中SRB分布表现的那么明显;4℃培养时,各层位SRB含量的平均值范围为51~1.2×106个·g-1(湿样),25℃时为2.04×102~2.47×105个·g-1(湿样);在所研究的深度范围内,4℃时培养SRB的垂直变化较为明显,而25℃时SRB的垂直变化相对缓和;根据4℃、25℃2个不同培养温度时SRB的检出率、含量对比看,似乎25℃时更有利于某些SRB的繁衍. 相似文献
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对2012年6月东海表层海水中二甲基硫(DMS)、二甲巯基丙酸内盐(DMSP)和二甲亚砜(DMSO)的浓度分布特征及其影响因素进行了研究,并估算了DMS的海-气通量及其对大气气溶胶中非海盐硫酸盐(nss-SO42-)的贡献率.结果表明,DMS、溶解态DMSP(DMSPd)、颗粒态DMSP(DMSPp)、溶解态DMSO(DMSOd)和颗粒态DMSO(DMSOp)的浓度平均值±标准偏差为(5.71±5.23),(5.94±3.68),(23.84±14.15),(9.14±10.52)和(11.01±5.81)nmol/L.DMS、DMSP和DMSOp浓度均在28oN~29oN,122°E~123.5°E海域呈现高值中心,沿中心向外扩散降低,并且与叶绿素a(Chl-a)的分布趋势基本一致.除DMSOd外,3种二甲基硫化物与Chl-a表现出显著的相关性,表明浮游植物生物量是影响东海生源有机硫化物生产分布的关键因素.此外,夏季东海DMS海-气通量介于(0.93~101.02)μmol/(m2·d),平均值±标准偏差为(18.13±21.42)μmol/(m2·d).夏季东海生源硫释放对nss-SO42-的贡献率仅为2.2%,表明人为排放是东海大气气溶胶中nss-SO42-的主要来源. 相似文献
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Unexpected/contrary behavior of aerosol mass concentration in response to the individual components’ concentration reduction in Kitakyushu, Japan
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《环境科学学报(英文版)》2024,36(1):630-639
In the suburbs of Kitakyushu, Japan, the inorganic aerosol mass concentration (IAM) was about 32.7 µg/m3, with the aerosol pH of 3.3. To study the thermodynamics of aerosol when its individual components’ concentration is reduced, sensitive tests were performed using the ISORROPIA II model, in which the seven control species—TNaCl, TNH4+, TSO42−, TNO3−, TMg2+, TK+, and TCa2+—were taken into account. IAM and inorganic aerosol pH after reducing TNaCl, TNO3−, TMg2+, TK+, and TCa2+ responded linearly (0% ≤ concentration reduction ratio (CRR) ≤ 100%, with the exception of 100% in TNaCl); the nonlinear variations of these two parameters could be observed by controlling TNH4+ and TSO42−. Unexpected aerosol behavior occurred at 100% reduction of TNaCl, which was caused by the sudden increase of NO3−, NH4+, and aerosol liquid water content (ALWC); the increase of IAM was also observed after controlling TSO42− (60% ≤ CRR ≤ 100%) and TCa2+ (0% ≤ CRR ≤ 100%), which was mainly related to the variation of ALWC driven by the response of CaSO4. Multiple regression analysis showed that ALWC was statistically and strongly related to the variations of NO3−, Cl−, SO42−, HSO4−, HNO3, and NH3 (P < 0.05), with regression coefficients of 1.68, 5.23, 1.83, 2.81, 0.34, and 0.57, respectively. The highest coefficient (5.23) was found for Cl−, revealing that sea salts significantly influenced particle responses. Overall, this study comprehensively investigated aerosol characteristics and inner responses for the reduction of components, which is of great significance for a better understanding of atmospheric chemistry in Kitakyushu, Japan. 相似文献
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以黄渤海上空大气为目标研究区,基于AERONET观测网,获取该区域2015—2017年的气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)实测数据,并对可见红外成像辐射计VⅡRS,中分辨率成像光谱仪MODIS,静止水色卫星成像仪GOCI与新一代地球同步气象卫星AHI H8的AOD遥感产品展开精度验证.同时,利用长时间的遥感影像探究并分析AOD在不同时空尺度下的分布特征与变化情况.结果表明:同其它AOD遥感产品相比,GOCI AOD展示出了高采样频率及高精度的特性.此外,在研究区域AOD的逐小时遥感影像中未发现明显的变化规律,而月平均图则显示出从黄渤海西部至中部再到东部AOD逐渐递减的趋势,且该趋势在研究区域不同的地方是具有差异的.不仅如此,本文还尝试分析影响AOD反演精度的潜在因子,发现其可能与地表反射率提取的准确度与预设气溶胶模型设置的合理性有关. 相似文献
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基于国内外海洋生态环境质量综合评价方法,结合我国海洋生态环境调查数据,从环境和生物学要素中选取12个指标建立评价指标体系,确定5个评价等级及标准,采用层次分析法确定指标权重,构建我国海岛周边海域生态环境质量综合评价方法.选取南海北部10个代表性海岛,对其周边海域生态环境质量进行综合评价,结果表明:研究海岛中特呈岛和内伶仃岛评价等级为中,其余8个海岛均为良;离岸距离、陆源污染物排放量和海水交换能力直接影响评价结果.该方法能较好地反映海岛周边海域生态环境状况,可操作性强,可作为今后我国海岛周边海域生态环境质量评价的参考. 相似文献
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Barium to calcium (Ba/Ca) ratio in corals has been considered as a useful geochemical proxy for upwelling, river flood and otheroceanic processes. However, recent studies indicated that additional environmental or biological factors can influence the incorporationof Ba into coral skeletons. In this study, Ba/Ca ratios of two Porites corals collected from Daya Bay, northern South China Sea wereanalyzed. Ba/Ca signals in the two corals were ‘anomalous’ in comparison with Ba behaviors seen in other near-shore corals influencedby upwelling or riverine runoff. Our Ba/Ca profiles displayed similar and remarkable patterns characterized by low and randomlyfluctuating background signals periodically interrupted by sharp and large synchronous peaks, clearly indicating an environmentalforcing. Further analysis indicated that the Ba/Ca profiles were not correlated with previously claimed environmental factors such asprecipitation, coastal upwelling, anthropogenic activities or phytoplankton blooms in other areas. The maxima of Ba/Ca appeared tooccur in the period of Sr/Ca maxima, coinciding with the winter minimum temperatures, which suggests that the anomalous highBa/Ca signals were related to winter-time low sea surface temperature. We speculated that the Ba/Ca peaks in corals of the Daya Baywere most likely the results of enrichment of Ba-rich particles in their skeletons when coral polyps retracted under the stresses ofanomalous winter low temperatures. In this case, Ba/Ca ratio in relatively high-latitude corals can be a potential proxy for tracing thelow temperature stress. 相似文献