黄河内蒙古段表层沉积物对氨氮的吸附特征

在实验室模拟环境中研究了内蒙古段黄河表层沉积物对氨氮的吸附特征,并探讨吸附反应的可逆性。研究结果表明,沉积物对氨氮的吸附反应符合Langumuir等温吸附模型,得出春季最大吸附量为416.67~909.10 mg/kg,秋季为714.29~2 000.00 mg/kg,与沉积物TN、TP、CEC及有机质呈显著正相关关系;沉积物氨氮的吸附-解吸平衡浓度平均为1.61 mg/L;沉积物对氨氮的吸附行为属于不可逆反应。     

高寒地区氨氮降解菌诱变筛选及降解能力的研究

应用紫外诱变技术,将1株从湟水河北川河段水源中分离得到的氨氮降解菌,置于5℃下胁迫培养,筛选出1株氨氮降解率较高的诱变菌YB-6,同时将其应用于城市生活污水的氨氮处理,进行遗传稳定性试验。通过对诱变菌的接种量、反应时间和p H单因素试验的研究,确定了试验菌株在水样中氨氮降解的最佳条件。结果表明:紫外诱变的最佳处理时间为30 s,在5℃条件下,诱变菌株YB-6对生活污水的氨氮降解率达到50%以上,且具有遗传稳定性;并确定了试验菌株YB-6最佳降解条件为:接种量为15%,反应时间为60 h,p H为10.0,在5℃下,对生活污水的氨氮降解率达到68.62%。     

Describing the annual cyclic behaviour of Be concentrations in surface air in Oceania

Surface air concentrations of ⁷Be at a number of stations in Oceania show a distinct annual cycle. We apply a sinusoidal model to describe this cycle. The results show that peak ⁷Be concentrations in surface air occur during early spring at tropical latitudes and during mid-to-late summer at middle latitudes. Comparison with available ⁹⁰Sr surface air data for the southern hemisphere indicates that stratosphere-to-troposphere exchange is an active atmospheric process controlling the ⁷Be annual cycle throughout the Oceania region. Vertical transport of air within the troposphere also seems to influence the observed annual cycle. Seasonality in rainfall is not thought to control the annual cyclic behaviour of ⁷Be in surface air.     

冶炼烟气含硒量检测方法的探讨和实践

论述了冶炼烟气中含硒量特别是气态硒检测的方法，并对有效选用采样仪器，抽气体积，吸收液等关键问题做了具有针对性的分析探讨。     

Escaping radioactivity from coal-fired power plants (CPPs) due to coal burning and the associated hazards: a review

Coal, like most materials found in nature, contains trace quantities of the naturally occurring primordial radionuclides, i.e. of ⁴⁰K and of ²³⁸U, ²³²Th and their decay products. Therefore, the combustion of coal results in the released into the environment of some natural radioactivity (1.48 TBq y⁻¹), the major part of which (99 %) escapes as very fine particles, while the rest in fly ash. The activity concentrations of natural radionuclides measured in coals originated from coal mines in Greece varied from 117 to 435 Bq kg⁻¹ for ²³⁸U, from 44 to 255 Bq kg⁻¹ for ²²⁶Ra, from 59 to 205 Bq kg⁻¹ for ²¹⁰Pb, from 9 to 41 Bq kg⁻¹ for ²²⁸Ra (²³²Th) and from 59 to 227 Bq kg⁻¹ for ⁴⁰K. Fly ash escapes from the stacks of coal-fired power plants in a percentage of 3-1% of the total fly ash, in the better case. The natural radionuclide concentrations measured in fly ash produced and retained or escaped from coal-fired power plants in Greece varied from 263 to 950 Bq kg⁻¹ for ²³⁸U, from 142 to 605 Bq kg⁻¹ for ²²⁶Ra, from 133 to 428 Bq kg⁻¹ for ²¹⁰Pb, from 27 to 68 Bq kg⁻¹ for ²²⁸Ra (²³²Th) and from 204 to 382 Bq kg⁻¹ for ⁴⁰K. About 5% of the total ash produced in the coal-fired power plants is used as substitute of cement in concrete for the construction of dwellings, and may affect indoor radiation doses from external irradiation and the inhalation of radon decay products (internal irradiation) is the most significant. The resulting normalized collective effective doses were 6 and 0.5 man-Sv (GW a)⁻¹ for typical old and modern coal-fired power plants, respectively.     

合成氨企业现场环境监察技术要点分析

针对以煤为原料的合成氨企业现状,提出了合成氨、尿素、碳铵、甲醇、三废处理设施等工序的现场环境监察技术要点,为环境监察工作提供技术指南。重点监察COD、氨氮、SO2与烟尘的达标排放、危险固废安全处置及环境风险应急预案与应急措施到位情况。     

赖氨酸废水的处理和氨回收

对赖氨酸浓废水调 p H沉淀处理后的澄清水进行预处理 :先加入石灰乳 ,搅拌、沉淀 ,SO42 -从 2 0 0 0 0 m g/ L 左右降至 130 0 mg/ L 左右 ,去除率为 94%左右 ,然后进行空气吹脱 ,NH3- N从 5 0 0 0 mg/ L左右降至 80 m g/ L左右 ,去除率 >98%。吹脱出水经厌氧生化处理后 ,再进行空气吹脱 ,NH3- N从 70 0 mg/ L 左右降至 85 mg/ L 左右 ,去除率 >86 %。再吹脱出水与稀废水混合后进行好氧生化和 A/ O、O系统处理 ,出水的 COD<10 0 m g/ L,BOD5<2 0 mg/ L,SS<70 mg/ L,NH3- N<2 5 m g/ L。对浓废水与石灰乳混合后搅拌过程中及两次空气吹脱过程中挥发的 NH3进行回收 ,将其与 H2 SO4反应 ,生成的 (NH4) 2 SO4回用于生产     

燃煤锅炉氨法烟气脱硫

以云南解化集团75t h煤粉炉氨法烟气脱硫工程为例,研究了氨法脱硫的工艺及在燃煤锅炉装置上的应用,监测结果表明:脱硫装置投运后,系统平均脱硫效率达到95 . 92 % ,锅炉烟气中SO2 排放浓度降到135mg m3以下,大大低于排放标准。在此还对运行指标、处理效果及存在问题进行了分析。     

No difference in activity of Sod-1 genotypes of Poa annua to short-term treatment of ambient gaseous organic pollution

Our previous studies indicated that genotypes at locus Sod-1 of Poa annua changed clinally along a gradient of gaseous organic pollution. In the present study, we aimed to know whether there were differential responses of activities of different superoxide dismutase （SOD） genotypes to short-term treatment of ambient gaseous organic pollution. Significant bias from Hardy-Weinberg equibrium was observed on locus Sod-1, and no genotype Sod- l-BB was found. Significantly increased activities were observed in most treatments for genotype Sod-1-AA and in one treatment for genotype Sod-1-AB. However, no significant difference in SOD activities was found between the two genotypes. It was interpreted that fitness difference between the two genotypes was small and treatment duration was too short or extent of ambient organic pollution was too low to lead to differential responses. Other environmental factor effects on activities of superoxide dismutases can also explain the results.     

二氧化钛光催化降解处理氨氮废水

介绍了用TiO₂和活性组分A复合在砖块颗粒上的(TiO₂+A)催化剂的制备,用(TiO₂+A)催化剂对氨氮废水进行了降解实验研究,并且对降解过程中的反应动力学进行了探讨.结果表明:(TiO₂+A)催化剂对模拟氨氮废水的处理效果好,当反应时间为24 h时,氨氮的去除率可达95%以上;光催化氧化反应为一级反应;以砖块颗粒为载体(TiO₂+A)催化剂的光催化活性高,不流失,制作简单.对某化肥厂氨氮废水降解实验表明,8 h内可使ρ(氨氮)从238 mg/L降至8 mg/L,降解率达97%.