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341.
张爱香 《防灾科技学院学报》2005,7(1):40-45
本文运用安阳及邻区研究范围内,地震台网所能接收到的 S-P≤25.0 秒的所有台站记录到的ML≥2.0级地震的P波到时和 S 波到时进行了波速比计算,并对研究区域内 5 次中强地震前波速比变化作了空间演化图。从 2001年5月到现在波速比空间演化特征来看,明显出现了低值异常集中区和高低值异常交替区。从时间序列演化特征来看,波速比始终处于低于平均值1.70 以下。根据我们以往对研究区域内波速比的研究和对比分析,在未来24个月,研究区域存在发生 ML≥5.5 级±0.5 级地震的可能。 相似文献
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Pierrick Blanchard Nicolas Hanuise Stéphanie Dano Henri Weimerskirch 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2007,61(5):767-773
Sex ratio theory is one of the most controversial topics in evolutionary ecology. Many deviations from an equal production
of males and females are reported in the literature, but few patterns appear to hold across species or populations. There
is clearly a need to identify fitness effects of sex ratio variation. We studied this aspect in a population of a long-lived
seabird, the wandering albatross (Diomedea exulans), using molecular sex-identification techniques. We report that parental traits affect both (1) fledgling traits in a sex-dependent
way and (2) chick sex: Sons are overproduced when likely to be large at fledging and, to a lesser extent, daughters are overproduced
when likely to be in good body condition at fledging. Because for the same population, a previous study reported that post-fledging
survival was positively affected by size in males and by body condition in females, our results suggest that wandering albatrosses
manipulate offspring sex to increase post-fledging survival. 相似文献
345.
野生马齿苋种子发芽试验 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
本文对野生马齿苋种子的发芽特性进行了初步研究,结果表明,马齿苋种子发芽受温度、浸种时间、种子贮藏时间等因素影响.温度低于20℃时,不发芽,20℃时开始发芽,发芽适温为25~30℃,温度超过35℃时发芽受到抑制,在25℃下催芽,其发芽时间集中在24~48h内.温水浸种有利于发芽,浸种时间以12~24h为宜.马齿苋种子存在3~4个月的生理休眠期,用清水浸种可打破休眠,野外播种马齿苋时覆盖塑料小拱棚可明显提高发芽率和出苗率. 相似文献
346.
南黄海鳀鱼产卵场大型底栖生物次级生产力研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
根据2001至2003年南黄海鳀鱼产卵期在鳀鱼产卵场33个站考察采集的大型底栖生物定量样品资料,利用Brey's(1990)的经验公式对调查海区进行了大型底栖生物栖息密度、生物量、次级生产力和P/B值的研究计算.结果表明,该海域大型底栖生物平均栖息密度为194.3 ind.m-2,平均生物量以去灰干重计,为4.08 g m-2,平均次级生产力以去灰干重计,为4.09 g m-2a-1.研究表明,生物量和次级生产力受水深的影响.平均P/B值在研究海域为1.32a-1.对研究结果与整个南黄海、渤海和东海的结果进行了比较与讨论,证明生产力随水深的加大而降低,P/B值随水温升高而升高.图2表1参25 相似文献
347.
碳源(甘油和柠檬酸钠)及碳氮比对纯培养的异养反硝化菌HP1 (Pseudomonasalcaligenes)异养反硝化能力影响的试验表明,碳源种类对硝酸还原酶活性没有明显影响,对氧化亚氮还原酶活性有影响。批式培养方式下最适C/N为8,菌株HP1可以利用NO-3 作为唯一氮源进行反硝化作用,证明HP1至少有2种硝酸还原途径。连续培养方式下温度对菌株HP1异养反硝化作用中间产物的积累有影响,不同C/N时均有NH+4 积累,C/N为3时还有NO-2 的积累。 相似文献
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Fisher's theory of sex allocation predicts that, in a panmictic population, parental investment will be equally distributed between male and female progeny. Most studies on parental investment in nesting solitary bees and wasps use offspring or provision weight as estimators of parental investment and do not corroborate Fisher's theory. The measurement of parental investment may be confounded by several factors. First, the use of offspring or provision size does not account for seasonal variation in foraging costs associated with aging of nesting females. Second, provision or offspring size do not reflect parental investment associated with nest construction. In this two-year study we measured parental investment in a solitary bee. We calculated sex allocation using both provision weight and foraging time as parental investment estimators. Investment in pollen-nectar provisions decreased, while investment in mud structures (nest construction) increased, as the nesting period progressed. Overall investment in provisions per nest was ∼25 times higher than investment in mud. Pollen-nectar foraging trips became longer as the season progressed, but mud trip duration did not vary. Due to weather differences between years, more offspring per female were produced in the first year, but progeny sex ratio and mean offspring size of both sexes were similar between years. Mortality did not differ between sexes. As predicted by Fisher's theory, production cost ratios did not differ from 1 in either year, irrespective of the currency used to estimate parental investment (provision weight or foraging time). Our results strongly support Fisher's theory. 相似文献
350.
Luc A. Wauters Simon A. de Crombrugghe Nadia Nour Erik Matthysen 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》1995,37(3):189-193
In polygynous roe deer Capreolus capreolus, males are only slightly heavier than females and the overall sex ratio at birth is close to unity. We studied offspring sex ratio and litter size (range 1–4, n = 74) of culled females, in utero, which provided an opportunity to examine responses of sex ratio to maternal condition. Male embryos were heavier than their sisters, and male fawns (9 months old) heavier than female fawns, suggesting a higher growth rate in males. There was no evidence for differential mortality between the sexes from birth to 9 months old. Heavier adult females produced larger embryos than lighter, or primiparous females. The overall sex ratio of embryos did not differ from unity, but adult does had more male embryos (55%) than primiparous does (32%), and the proportion of male embryos in a litter increased with the mother's body mass. Litter size also tended to increase with maternal age and body mass. We argue that this pattern reflects adaptive variation in offspring sex ratio. 相似文献