平原河网地区农村生活污染入河机制

以太滆运河流域前黄镇和雪堰镇为研究区,设计农村生活非点源污染调查问卷,采用随机抽样的方法,调查了39个行政村中85个自然村的农村生活污染情况。通过对问卷的统计分析得到了厕所使用类型的比例、化粪池中上清液和固体残渣的去向以及生活垃圾处置等信息。在对农村生活污染进行分类的基础上,估算出该地区农村生活污染入河系数为:CODCr,6.6%～13.3%;TN,18.1%～18.6%;TP,8.2%～12.5%。     

水平荷载情况下深海吸力锚稳定性研究

深海吸力锚基础的极限承载能力是海洋工程结构设计中的一个关键问题,达到极限平衡状态时,吸力锚的极限承载能力与其失稳模式密切相关.本文基于Coulomb摩擦对原理,给出了一种精确模拟吸力锚承载能力的有限元模型.在该数值模型基础上,利用通用有限元分析软件ABAQUS,研究了系泊点位置、长径比对吸力锚承载能力的影响,并给出了深...     

Modeling the impact of revegetation on regional water quality: A collective approach to manage the cumulative impacts of mining in the Bowen Basin,Australia

In this paper we quantify the additional water quality benefits that can be achieved through coordinated cumulative impact management. To do this we simulate coordinated and un-coordinated revegetation investments and compare their impact on achieving regional water quality goals. Our results show that coordination between multiple mining companies achieves additional benefits since prioritization is enabled across a broader range of investment opportunities. Additionally, when coordinated investment is permitted beyond the boundaries of coal mining leases, results show that additional benefits are greatly enhanced since these regions provide more rewarding investment opportunities. Results illustrate (a) how regional coordination may influence reputational benefits of investments, and (b) that coordination is beneficial when investment opportunities are unevenly distributed across the landscape. When additional benefits are achievable, we suggest that mining companies should develop collective investment projects with an understanding of how coordination influences project costs. Similarly, investment projects should be developed with an understanding of investment tradeoffs and how these may adversely impact on regional stakeholders and hence industry reputation. The mining industry has significant potential to contribute to regional wellbeing; however, land management policies must be flexible and promote incentives to enable companies to invest beyond compliance.     

Seasonal variation of Ra/Ra ratio in seaweed: implications for water circulation patterns in coastal areas of the Noto Peninsula, Japan

To examine water circulation patterns of coastal water, 72 seaweed (Sargasso) samples and 27 coastal water samples were collected from coastal areas of the Noto Peninsula, Japan, during the period from December 1998 to June 2002. The (228)Ra and (226)Ra activities of those samples were measured by low-background gamma-ray spectrometry. There was a wide range of activities of (228)Ra (0.5-2Bq/kg-fresh) and (226)Ra (0.5-1.2Bq/kg-fresh) in the Sargasso samples. The (228)Ra/(226)Ra activity ratio of Sargasso samples exhibited seasonal variation with minimum values in June ((228)Ra/(226)Ra= approximately 1) and maximum values in December (1.5-2.5), which was mainly governed by changes in (228)Ra activity. It is also notable that the seasonal variation of the (228)Ra/(226)Ra ratio of Sargasso is in approximate agreement with that of the ambient coastal water. Sargasso samples appear to have retained the (228)Ra/(226)Ra ratio of the ambient coastal waters, and the temporal variations in that ratio provide insight into seasonal changes in water circulation in the Noto Peninsula coastal area.     

提高材料利用率的有效途径

从运用数冲编程技巧、改进加工方案和改进结构设计三方面阐述了提高利用率的方法。     

Effect of nutrient level on phytoplankton community structure in di erent water bodies

Increasing levels of pollution within water bodies can cause eutrophication and an associated rapid growth in and reproduction of phytoplankton. Although most frequently occurring in bodies of water such as lakes and dams, in recent years an increasing number of river systems in China have suffered serious algal blooms. The community structure of phytoplankton may differ, however, dependent on the hydrodynamic conditions and nutrient levels within the water body. The field investigation results obtained fro...     

饱和除磷改性钢渣再生技术研究

用不同氧化还原电位的盐酸溶液和氢氧化钠溶液作为再生溶液对吸附磷饱和的改性钢渣进行再生,研究了影响改性钢渣再生的相关参数。结果表明：再生液中盐酸溶液的浓度为1．5mol／L,氢氧化钠溶液的浓度为2mol／L,二者的体积分别为50mL;再生时间为100h,再生溶液氧化还原电位为-100mV时,脱附率较好。     

世界封存CO_2驱油的现状与前景

"碳捕捉与封存"技术有助于减少温室气体排放和控制全球变暖,评述了世界可深层封存CO2的潜力,世界各国封存CO2提高油田采收率的现状和发展趋势,以及中国CO2驱油的前景。     

低C/N比条件下高效生物脱氮策略分析

针对低C/N比污水传统生物脱氮碳源不足、脱氮效率不高,提出从充分利用碳源和减少生物脱氮碳源需求量两个方面,来实现高效生物脱氮.在充分利用碳源方面,介绍了好氧缺氧分段进水工艺、脉冲式SBR工艺等改进型生物脱氮工艺;在减少生物脱氮碳源需求量方面,介绍了短程硝化反硝化、厌氧氨氧化、完全自养脱氮等新型生物脱氮技术.并对这些技术和工艺的原理、优势、存在的问题以及应用情况进行了简要的分析.     

Effect of Al2O3 particle size reduction on aluminium dust explosion

To investigate the effect of Al₂O₃ particle size on an aluminum explosion, the overpressure and flame velocity in a vertical duct were evaluated. The results show that the inhibitory effect of submicron Al₂O₃ is best, while the inhibitory effect increases with increasing inerting ratio. However, the inhibitory effect of micron Al₂O₃ does not increase significantly after the inerting ratio exceeds 40%. For high-concentration aluminum powder, 0.8 μm Al₂O₃ with an inerting ratio less than 20% promotes aluminum explosion. As the inerting ratio increases beyond 20%, however, the overpressure decreases. Furthermore, Al₂O₃ inhibits the formation of the intermediate product AlO and decreases the flame brightness. As the inerting ratio of 0.8 μm Al₂O₃ reaches 50%, the white patches in the flame image disappear. The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that the explosion products agglomerate and some dot-like protrusions appear on the surface of the unburned aluminum particles. The inhibition mechanism was qualitatively investigated. Physical heat absorption is proven to play a limited role. Thermal radiation and chemical inhibition play a key role. The chemical effect mainly influences the surface reaction energy source.