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111.
较系统地研究了香蕉组培苗的营养与施肥,试验方案包括了NPK13种用量水平、10种不同NPK配比和中微量元素混施.试验结果表明,在一定的NPK施肥基础上.再增施NPK均能获得不同程度的增产,其中增施N的增产幅为4.7%-15.0%,增施P、K的分别为3.4%-15.1%和6.6%-12.6%.增N有利于植株增高、茎围增粗、长叶增快和提早吐蕾;增P对植株增高和提早吐蕾也有一定的作用;增K主要有利于茎围增粗,但在高N高P下增K也同样具有增N的多种效果.增K的另一效应是延缓吐蕾期而使吐蕾期较集中一致,这有利于田间管理和收获;施用中微量元素的增产效果显著,同时也改善和提高了果实品质.应提倡应用和推广. 相似文献
112.
113.
The effect of seawater salinity on nitrite accumulation in short-range nitrification to nitrite as the end product was studied by using a SBR. Experimental results indicated that the growth of nitrobacteria was inhibited and very high levels of nitrite accumulation at different salinities were achieved under the conditions of 25--28℃, pH 7.5--8.0, and the influent ammonia nitrogen of 40--70mg/L when seawater flow used to flush toilet was less than 35% (salinity 12393 mg/L, Cl^- 6778mg/L) of total domestic wastewater flow, which is mainly ascribed to much high chlorine concentration of seawater. Results showed that high seawater salinity is available for short-range nitrification to nitrite as the end product. When the seawater flow used to flush toilet accounting for above 70% of the total domestic wastewater flow, the removal efficiency of ammonia was still above 80% despite the removal of organics declined obviously(less than 60% ). It was found that the effect of seawater salinity on the removal of organics was negative rather than positive one as shown for ammonia removal. 相似文献
114.
As a means to remediate soil contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, we investigated a combined process involving
ethanol washing followed by a Fenton oxidation reaction. Artificial loamy soil was contaminated with various representative
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (i.e., fluorene, anthracene, pyrene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, or benzo(a)pyrene) at concentrations
ten times higher than regulatory soil standards of The Netherlands or Canada, and then washed four times in ethanol, which
reduced the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contamination to below the regulatory standard. Fenton oxidation
of ethanol solutions containing anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene, pyrene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, benz(a)anthracene, benzo(j)fluoranthene,
or indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene showed a removal efficiency of 73.3%–99.0%; by contrast, solutions containing naphthalene, fluorene,
fluoranthene, phenanthrene, or benzo(b)fluoranthene showed a removal efficiency of 9.6%–27.6%. Since each of the nonremediated
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, excluding benzo(b)fluoranthene, are easily biodegradable, these results indicate that the
proposed treatment can be successfully applied to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated soil that does not contain
high concentrations of benzo(b)fluoranthene. The main reaction products resulting from Fenton oxidation of ethanol solutions
containing anthracene or benz(a)anthracene were anthraquinon or benz(a)anthracene-7,12-dione, respectively; while 1,8-naphthalic
anhydride was produced by solutions of acenaphthylene and acenaphthene, and 9-fluorenone by a fluorene solution.
Received: June 9, 1998 / Accepted: March 24, 1999 相似文献
115.
聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)生物降解过程对植物生长的影响评价 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过苏丹草(Sorghum sudanense Stapf)、籽粒笕(Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.)、豇豆(Vigna sesquipedalis Wight)种子的发芽试验及其盆栽试验,考察了PBS在土壤浸提液中的生物降解性能,探讨了PBS高聚物、低聚物和合成单体对植物的发芽和生长影响。研究结果表明:①在土壤浸提液中微生物对PBS有一定的降解作用,且在降解过程中,降解液的pH变化不明显;②PBS高聚物的降解产物对植物生长没有影响;③P BS低聚物在降解初期抑制部分植物的幼苗生长,后期对植物的生长没有影响;④当丁二酸的质量浓度低于200 mg.L^-1时,对植物种子的发芽和幼苗生长不会产生影响,当质量浓度高于500 mg.L^-1时,将抑制幼苗生长;当1,4-丁二醇的质量浓度低于2 000 mg.L-1时,对种子的发芽和生长没有影响。 相似文献
116.
介绍了虚拟试验技术在电子产品评估鉴定中的应用方法。首先论述了虚拟试验技术产生的背景及其技术优势。然后结合国外的研究状况,重点对电子产品虚拟试验评估技术的基本流程和涉及的关键技术作了总结和归纳。最后,指出虚拟试验技术在电子产品评估中具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
117.
在淋洗液中加入H2O2和三乙醇胺配制成吸收液,通过离子色谱法同时测定废印刷电路板真空热解气相产物中HBr、NO_2和SO_2的含量,方法简单、快速、准确。当用50 m L吸收液、采样体积为30 L时,3种污染物的检出限分别为0.000 005 7、0.000 003 4、0.000 002 9 mg/L。该方法加标回收率为95.7%~104.8%,完全能满足废印刷电路板真空热解气相污染物中HBr、NO_2和SO_2的同时测定要求。利用该方法和行标方法同时测定环境空气中的HBr、NO_2和SO_2,再利用Excel分析工具对测定数据进行F检验和t检验,检验结果表明2种测定方法无显著差异。 相似文献
118.
The numerous formulated products which are introduced to the market consist of chemical ingredients that may cause various safety and health hazards to the consumers. Therefore, it is extremely important to practice a systematic methodology to formulate products with acceptable safety and health performances. This work presents an index-based methodology to assess the safety and health hazards of the ingredients during the early formulation stage of product design. Hence, new inherent safety and health sub-indexes are introduced to improve the current safety and health hazards that are needed in formulated product design. The inherent safety and health sub-indexes are assigned with scores based on the degree of potential hazards. A higher score indicates a higher safety risk or severe health effect, and vice versa. The proposed methodology will greatly assist the users to identify the adverse safety and health effects caused by the ingredients. Hence, it is pivotal to eliminate or reduce the safety and health impacts from product usage. A case study on common ingredients used in the formulation of paint is presented on this study to describe the proposed method. 相似文献
119.
The degradation products of polymers are identifiable by chromatography. The degradation product patterns (or fingerprints) formed depend on the type of polymer, the degradation mechanism(s), and also the type of additive present in the material. The chromatographic fingerprint of biotically aged degradable low-density polyethylene (i.e., LDPE+starch+prooxidant) shows, in particular, the absence of low molecular weight carboxylic acids, which suggests an assimilation of these carboxylic acids by the microorganisms. The degradation products of natural polymers are usually intermediates that are used again in the anabolic cycles. It is possible to transfer the terminology from the natural polymers, where the catabolism of natural polymers consists of three stages, and apply this also to the degradable synthetic polymers. During stage I the natural polymers degrade to their major building blocks (e.g., amino acids, glycerol, hexoses, pentoses, etc.), during stage II these products are collected and converted to a smaller number of even simpler molecules [e.g., acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA)]. In stage III, finally, the acetyl-CoA enters the citric acid cycle, where energy is gained in parallel with the release of CO2 and H2O.Presented at the international workshop,Polymers from Renewable Resources and their Degradation, Stockholm, Sweden, November 10–11, 1994. 相似文献
120.
再制造工程是一种末端产品的资源化利用方式。阐述了再制造工程的内涵、在全生命周期中的地位及国内外发展现状,分析了再制造所能够带来的巨大的资源效益、经济效益、社会效益和环境效益,得出结论:再制造工程是末端产品进行资源化处理的最佳利用方式。 相似文献