复合曝气生物滤池运行参数的试验研究

以宜兴市华骐污水处理厂的二级出水作为研究对象,研究碳氮比、水力负荷和气水比对复合曝气生物滤池运行的影响。研究发现,以葡萄糖作碳源,当碳氮比6:1时,滤池对总氮的去除率能达到80%以上,出水亚硝酸盐浓度很低。保持碳氮比为6,随着水力负荷的增大,滤池对总氮的去除率会有所下降,但增大到3.5 m/h时,去除率仍保持在60%以上;水力负荷对于浊度和COD的去除率影响不是很大。随着气水比的增大,好氧段对于COD的去除率呈上升趋势。     

气体稳定同位素比质谱法分析本底大气CO2的δ13C和δ18O

将商用MAT253稳定同位素比质谱仪、Airtrap高效预浓缩气体捕集阱与自加工16口自动进样器集成,建立了高精度气体稳定同位素比质谱分析系统,用于程序化自动分析本底大气CO2的δ13C和δ18O.气样分析时用工作标气定量并穿插目标气测定,还定期用实验室上一级标气对工作标气和参比气进行标校,以保证分析结果的可靠和可比.结果表明,利用不同稳定同位素比范围的标气重复进样测试,发现该系统对δ13C和δ18O的分析精度分别优于0.03‰和0.06‰,能基本满足本底大气CO2的碳氧稳定同位素比分析需求和WMO/GAW质量目标.     

速分球生物滤柱处理低C/N比废水脱氮除磷研究

速分球生物滤柱是速分技术与曝气生物滤池技术的结合。具有污泥消化和无需反冲洗等优点。实验采用速分球生物滤柱实验装置,以低C/N比生活污水为处理对象,考查了单污泥前置反硝化A2/O系统的脱氮除磷特性。实验结果表明,在平均C/N比为1.6,内回流比R为100%的条件下,平均进水COD、氨氮、TP分别为440.7、274.0和13.6 mg/L,平均去除率分别为77.0%、19.2%和42.4%。系统对氨氮的去除率较低,对总磷的去除率要明显高于对氨氮的去除率。结论得出,系统脱氮除磷的效果不理想。     

Cd对欧美杂交杨生长紫色土和冲积土微生物多样性的影响

研究了现实环境中cd污染水平对长江流域典型土壤微生物多样性的影响,分析了现实Cd浓度胁迫对盆栽欧美杂交杨（Populus deltoides×Populus nigra）生长的紫色土和冲积土中可培养的微生物数量、生物量和细菌群落多样性的影响．结果表明,cd处理显著增加了栽植杨树的紫色土中可培养细菌和放线菌数量,降低了可...     

浅议C02地质封存的潜在风险

随着气候的不断变暖,全球开始寻找减缓气候变暖的技术及措施,在所有减排技术中,CCS技术贡献达20％以上。CCS技术虽是有效减排CO2和提高石油、天然气等能源采收率的技术手段,但目前该技术尚处于发展阶段,还存在一些潜在的风险问题,捕集、运输、封存三个环节都存在CO2泄露的风险,泄露将污染地下水、影响动植物甚至人类,还有可能诱发地震等。主要研究了CCS技术的地质封存环节C02泄露存在的潜在风险,分析了地质封存的CO2泄漏的方式及危害,并提出了可采取的应对措施。     

Chemisorption and Physical Adsorption Roles in Cadmium Biosorption by Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of cadmium (Cd) adsorbed by microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (C.reinhardtii). The kinetic and adsorption isotherm of the process could be well described by mathematical models. Chemical modification experiments and Fourier transform infrared spectra indicated that carboxyl and amine groups were the important functional groups for adsorption of Cd. The maximum contribution of physical adsorption in the overall adsorption process was evaluated as 5.5%. These results indicated that chemisorption was the dominating mechanism of Cd biosorption by C.reinhardtii.     

厨房内空气污染危害及治理对策的探讨

本文对厨房内的主要空气污染源和污染因子进行了分析，探讨了厨房内空气污染状况及对人体健康的危害，提出了治理污染的可行性对策．     

一种改进型60GHz双层微带天线的设计与仿真

微带天线和常用的微波天线相比,有体积小、重量轻、低剖面、易共形等特点。但是他的窄频带特性成了限制其广泛应用的主要障碍,因此,展宽微带天线的带宽具有十分重要的意义。本文通过减小介质介电常数,增大介质厚度,并最终采用双层微带天线的方法,设计了一个60GHz的双层微带天线,拓展带宽到6GHz。     

碳汞比对燃煤烟气中Hg脱除影响的实验研究

利用吸附反应器和袋式除尘器联合脱汞系统,研究了活性炭喷射对模拟烟气中元素汞的脱除影响。实验表明,吸附反应器对元素汞的脱除起主要作用,并且脱汞效率随碳汞比的增加而提高;碳汞比的变化对除尘器的脱汞效率影响不大。在碳汞比为4 000、6 000、8 000下,系统的脱汞效率分别为39.9%、42.5%、47.3%。实验同时探讨了除尘器滤袋上粉尘层的存在对脱汞效率的影响,结果表明:在表面过滤速度为0.98 m/min的实验条件下,在碳汞比为4 000、6 000、8 000下,粉尘层的脱汞效率分别为:3.65%、3.20%、3.66%。     

Sulphamethazine in poultry manure changes carbon and nitrogen mineralisation in soils

Antibiotics are newly emerging organic pollutants in manure, soil, vegetables and water. Animal manure application might be leading to the accumulation of antibiotics in the farmland. However, the effect of sulphamethazine (SMZ) on the soil microbial community was scarcely investigated. This study was aimed to evaluate the impact of SMZ on poultry manure, on the structure and function of microbial community, carbon mineralisation, and changes in nitrogen forms in soil via an incubation experiment lasting 56?d. The treatments consisted of poultry manure at 1% wt (PM), PM containing 20?mg?kg^?1 SMZ (PM?+?20SMZ) and PM containing 100?mg?kg^?1 SMZ (PM?+?100SMZ), along with the untreated soil (control). Solid phase extraction was performed to measure the SMZ concentration in soils using high-pressure liquid chromatography. The cumulative CO₂-C was increased in all treated soils over the incubation period compared to the control. The PM?+?100SMZ had the highest increase in cumulative CO₂-C from the soil at 56?d of incubation. The treatment of PM?+?20SMZ showed a short-term decrease in nitrification rate in the soils at 1?d by altering the microbial community composition with 17% dissimilarity and decreasing the abundance of bacteria compared to PM-treated soil. The PM?+?100SMZ increased C mineralisation in the soil.