对福建深沪海底古森林遗址古地理环境的探讨

前人在1987年就开始对福建深沪海底古森林遗址进行了研究,本文在前人调查研究工作的基础上,通过钻探、坑探、14C测年、微体古生物分析等工作,探讨了福建深沪海底古森林遗址古地理环境及海陆变迁情况。该海底古森林生长于全新世长乐组冲洪积地层中,距今约7 000~7 700 a,为湿热气候环境。牡蛎的生长环境为滨海泥滩环境,距今约26 000~27 000 a左右和距今约4 500 a,处于海侵影响范围。研究表明该处经历过多次海陆变迁。     

秦岭镇旬盆地南羊山组沉积物C/S值与沉积环境

介绍了正常海相硅质细碎屑沉积物有机碳与硫化物硫比值（C／S）的含义。以秦岭镇旬盆地南羊山组不同沉积环境沉积物C／S值为例，讨论了还原环境中活性铁的不足对沉积物C／S值的影响，以及有深部成矿物质参与的沉积物具后期发生流化物化沉积物特征的可能性。     

释放的14C-绿黄隆结合残留物的衍生化及鉴定

利用湿热法可以将＾１４Ｃ－绿黄降结合残留物从土壤中释放出来，但该残留物的极性较强，在ＧＣ－ＭＳ分析前，需进行衍生化处理。本研究建立了该残留物的ＤＭＳＯ（二甲基亚砜）－ＮａＨ－ＣＨ３Ｉ衍生化法。正交试验的结果表明，在反应温度为３５℃，反应时间５ｍｉｎ，衍生化试剂加入量０．１５ｍｌ时，衍生化产率最高，其中温度对衍生化产率存在显著影响。ＧＣ－ＭＳ分析表明，该方法是可行的。     

13C同位素稀释法测定国产多氯联苯的2,3,7,8－TCDD毒性当量

应用质量控制方法测定了２种国产商品多氯联苯中１７个，２，３，７，８位有氯取代的二ｅｙｉｎｇ同族体，获得准确的定量结果，加入＾１３Ｃ标记物的ＰＣＢｓ样品用多级酸碱硅胶柱和氧化铝柱提取分离，用毛细管色谱／高分辨质谱定量，２种样品中都含有较多的２，３，７，８－ＴＣＤＦ和２，３，７，８Ｐ５ＣＤＦ，１＾＃ＰＣＢ的２，３，７，８－ＴＣＤＤ毒性当量值为２１７ｎｇ／ｇ，２＾＃ＰＣＢ为４１７ｎｇ／ｇ，毒性主要来自Ｐ     

Prenatal diagnosis of sanfilippo disease type C using a simple fluorometric enzyme assay

A new fluorogenic substrate, 4-methylumbelliferyl β-D-glucosaminide, was used for the assay of acetyl CoA:glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase in chorionic villi, cultured villus cells, and amniocytes. Optimal conditions for the assay and the ranges of enzyme activity were established for the various types of fetal cells. This simple fluorometric assay provides a reliable method for early prenatal diagnosis of Sanfilippo disease type C which is more convenient than current methods using radiolabelled substrates. The method was applied to amniotic fluid cells and fetal fibroblasts from an at-risk pregnancy in which an affected fetus was diagnosed by two-dimensional electrophoresis of glycosaminoglycans in the amniotic fluid.     

14C在水-金鱼藻系统中的消长动态

采用同位素示踪技术研究了14C在水-金鱼藻系统中的消长动态,并运用计算机拟合建立其动力学模型.结果表明,引入水体的14CO32-离子由于金鱼藻的吸附、吸收及转化分解为14CO2气体散逸而使水体中的14C比活度快速下降.金鱼藻因其羽状复叶具有较大的比表面积而对水体中的14C有较强的吸附、吸收作用,其对14C的积累主要在新叶组织中.新叶中14C比活度在第21d出现最大值(29656.59Bq/g),分布百分比达86.34%;水体中14C的消失动态和金鱼藻对14C的积累动态均遵循一级反应动力学模型;金鱼藻各部位对水体中的14C均具有很强的富集作用,可用来监测和净化被14C污染的水体.浓集系数(CF)与时间(t)呈线性关系.     

Volatile fatty acids carbon source for biological denitrification

Ｖｏｌａｔｉｌｅｆａｔｔｙａｃｉｄｓｃａｒｂｏｎｓｏｕｒｃｅｆｏｒｂｉｏｌｏｇｉｃａｌｄｅｎｉｔｒｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎ￥ＸｕＹａｔｏｎｇ（ＣｅｎｔｒｅｏｆＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈｆｏｒＷａｔｅｒａｎｄＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔ，Ｌｙｏｎｎ...     

Fossil carbon emissions associated with carbon flowsof wood products

Specific fossil carbon (C) emissions and primary energy useassociated with the manufacture of different wood product groups inFinland are estimated and expressed as emissions or energy use per amountof wood-based C in raw material and per amount in end product. Thecalculation includes both emissions from supplied fuels within the forestindustries, and from electricity and district heat purchased from externalsources. The results are compared to fossil C emissions from the wholelifecycle of harvested wood products. The results of the study show, forinstance, that the emission of fossil C per wood-based C in end products(MgC/MgC) is of the order of 0.07 for sawn wood and 0.3–0.6 for paperin the manufacturing stage. The primary energy use per wood-based C inend product is of the order of 2 MWh/MgC for sawn wood, whereas forvirgin paper grades the figure is between 17 and 19 MWh/MgC. Theprimary energy content is highest in papers based on chemical pulping, butaround 60% of the energy used is produced in this case from by-productwood wastes (black liquor, bark etc.). The specific fossil C emission andprimary energy divided by the estimated service life of the wood productare measures for the relative burden of maintaining the corresponding woodproduct pool. These figures should be kept in mind when considering woodproducts as a potential C sink option.     

~（13）C同位素稀释法测定国产多氯联苯的2，3，7，8－TCDD毒性当量

应用质量控制方法测定了２种国产商品多氯联苯（ＰＣＢｓ）中１７个２，３，７，８位有氯取代的二　同族体，获得准确的定量结果，加入￣（１３）Ｃ标记物的ＰＣＢｓ样品用多级酸碱硅胶柱和氧化铝柱提取分离，用毛细管色谱／高分辨质谱定量，２种样品中都含有较多的２，３，７，８－ＴＣＤＦ和２，３，７，８－Ｐ＿５ＣＤＦ。１￣＃ＰＣＢ的２，３，７，８－ＴＣＤＤ毒性当量值为２１７ｎｇ／ｇ，２￣＃ＰＣＢ为４１７ｎｇ／ｇ，毒性主要来自ＰＣＤＦｓ，并与国外同类商品ＰＣＢｓ作了比较。     

MBBR泥膜复合系统泥膜竞争关系的影响因素

为探究MBBR泥膜复合硝化系统内泥膜竞争关系，通过小试试验研究了水处理过程中常规因素（污泥浓度、DO、温度、C/N）对MBBR泥膜复合系统硝化效果的影响，分析了系统内污泥容积负荷和移动床生物膜反应器（MBBR，Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor）生物膜容积负荷变化趋势，进而得出泥膜竞争规律.结果表明，MBBR泥膜复合系统容积负荷均大于单一污泥或MBBR生物膜系统的容积负荷.在一定范围内，污泥浓度、DO、温度与MBBR泥膜复合系统容积负荷呈现正相关，且系统内活性污泥在与MBBR生物膜在竞争DO和基质时优势明显，而MBBR生物膜则具有更强的耐低温能力.进水C/N与MBBR泥膜复合系统硝化负荷呈负相关，且活性污泥在应对进水C/N过高时较MBBR生物膜更具优势，MBBR的“镶嵌”则强化了系统SND效果.微生物群落变化显示MBBR泥膜复合系统内的硝化细菌优势菌属为Nitrospira，且悬浮载体生物膜对其富集能力明显高于活性污泥.