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801.
亚热带土壤反硝化过程中NO-3-N对CH4排放的影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
研究了发育于不同成土母质和不同土地利用方式下的45个亚热带土壤样本,在反硝化严格厌氧培养条件下(密闭、淹水、充N2),加入KNO3的处理(加入N量为200 mg·kg-1)和不加KNO3的空白对照对CH4产生和排放的影响.结果表明,厌氧培养条件下无论加入KNO3与否,CH4的产生和排放首先取决于土壤有机碳总量水平及其有效性.对照土壤中花岗岩母质发育的土壤和KNO3处理土壤中稻田利用方式下的土壤CH4排放量最高.加入KNO3显著抑制了CH4的产生和排放,NO-3-N对CH4产生的抑制效应可能较N2O对CH4产生的抑制效应更大.加入KNO3处理中厌氧培养第1周内的NO-3-反硝化量和降低速率是决定CH4排放量的关键因素.不加KNO3的对照土壤中,73%的土样表现为 Fe2+的产生和CH4的排放之间呈指数关系增长,表明Fe3+和CO2的还原可同步进行.NO-3-N不仅显著抑制了CH4的产生和排放,也抑制了Fe3+的还原. 相似文献
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803.
QIU Rongliang WANG Shizhong QIU Hao WANG Xuemei LIAO Jin ZHANG Zhentian 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2009,21(8):1108-1118
The current acid deposition critical loads in Guangdong, China were calculated using the PROFILE model with a 3 km × 3 km resolution. Calculations were carried out for critical loads of potential acidity, actual acidity, sulfur and nitrogen, with values in extents of 0–3.5, 0–14.0, 0–26.0 and 0–3.5 kmol/(hm2·year), respectively. These values were comparable to previously reported results and reflected the influences of vegetation and soil characteristics on the soil acid buffering capacity. Simulations of S... 相似文献
804.
Two biological aerated filters (BAF) were setup for ammonia removal treatment of the circulation water in a marine aquaculture. One
of the BAFs was bioaugmented with a heterotrophic nitrifying bacterium, Lutimonas sp. H10, where the ammonia removal was not
improved and the massive inoculation was even followed by a nitrification breakdown from day 9 to 18. The nitrification was remained
stable in control BAF operated under the same conditions. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with rRNA-targeted probes and
cultivable method revealed that Lutimonas sp. H10 almost disappeared from the bioaugomented BAF within 3 d, and this was mainly
due to the infection of a specific phage as revealed by flask experiment, plaque assay and transmission electron observation. Analyses
of 16S rRNA gene libraries showed that bacterial groups from two reactors evolved di erently and an overgrowth of protozoa was
observed in the bioaugmented BAF. Therefore, phage infection and poor biofilm forming ability of the inoculated strain are the main
reasons for bioaugmentation failure. In addition, grazing by protozoa of the bacteria might be the reason for the nitrification breakdown
in bioaugmented BAF during day 9–18. 相似文献
805.
The present study is aimed at assessing the ability of Bacillus sp.JDM-2-1 and Staphylococcus capitis to reduce hexavalent chromium into its trivalent form.Bacillus sp.JDM-2-1 could tolerate Cr(Ⅵ) (4800 μg/mL) and S.capitis could tolerate Cr(Ⅵ) (2800 μg/mL).Both organisms were able to resist Cd2+ (50 μg/mL),Cu2+ (200 μg/mL),Pb2+ (800 μg/mL),Hg2+ (50 μg/mL) and Ni2+ (4000 μg/mL).S.capitis resisted Zn2+ at 700 μg/mL while Bacillus sp.JDM-2-1 only showed resistance up to 50 μg/mL.Bacillus sp.JDM-2-1 and S.capitis showed optimum growth at pH 6 and 7,respectively,while both bacteria showed optimum growth at 37℃.Bacillus sp.JDM-2-1 and S.capitis could reduce 85% and 81% of hexavalent chromium from the medium after 96 h and were also capable of reducing hexavalent chromium 86% and 89%,respectively,from the industrial effluents after 144 h.Cell free extracts of Bacillus sp.JDM-2-1 and S.capitis showed reduction of 83% and 70% at concentration of 10 μg Cr(Ⅵ)/mL,respectively.The presence of an induced protein having molecular weight around 25 kDa in the presence of chromium points out a possible role of this protein in chromium reduction.The bacterial isolates can be exploited for bioremediation of hexavalent chromium containing wastes,since they seem to have the potential to reduce the toxic hexavalent form to its nontoxic trivalent form. 相似文献
806.
Influences of working pressure on properties for TiO2 films deposited by DC
pulse magnetron sputtering 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
TiO2 films were deposited at room temperature by DC pulse magnetron sputtering system.The crystalline structures,morphological features and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 films were systematically investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD),atomic force microscopy and ultraviolet spectrophotometer,respectively.The results indicated that the working pressure was the key deposition parameters influencing the TiO2 film phase composition at room temperature,which directly affected its photocatalytic activity.With increasing the working pressure,the target self-bias decreases monotonously.Therefore,low temperature TiO2 phase (anatase) could be deposited with high working pressure.The anatase TiO2 films deposited with 1.4 Pa working pressure displayed the highest photocatalytic activity by decomposition of Methyl Orange solution,which the degradation rate reached the maximum (35%) after irradiation by ultraviolet light for 1 h. 相似文献
807.
纳米TiO_2/SiO_2复合颗粒催化性能研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
为了提高纳米TiO2粒子的光催化性能和可回收性,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米TiO2/SiO2复合颗粒。利用XRD与比表面积测试仪,考察了热处理温度对复合颗粒的比表面积和其中纳米TiO2的粒度与晶型的影响情况,发现纳米TiO2的锐钛矿型转变温度由常规的350℃升高到600~700℃。研究了不同热处理温度的复合颗粒、不同Ti/Si比及其添加量对其光催化性能的影响,发现700℃下热处理2h,Ti/Si比为1.5的复合颗粒对100mg/mL的甲基橙溶液的光催化性能最好,其最佳使用量仅约为1.5g/L。 相似文献
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