新型城镇化所存在的资源环境问题及对策初探

新型城镇化是我国城镇化发展的必然选择,是我国城镇化健康发展的根本保证。土地资源、水资源、能源等和生态环境是城镇发展的基础和根本保障。城镇化的快速发展导致一系列资源环境问题,因而,城镇化与资源环境有着密切的关系。本文从我国新型城镇化的发展背景、内涵出发,从水资源、土地资源、能源、环境容量几个方面深入探讨了我国新型城镇化所存在的资源环境问题,并在此基础上提出对策,这对于促进新型城镇化的健康发展和我国资源环境的可持续发展均具有重要的学术价值与实践意义。     

脱乙酰甲壳质回收处理含铜废水

本文研究了利用脱乙酰甲壳质处理含铜污水时酸度、吸附时间及脱乙酰基程度对脱乙酰甲壳质吸附Ｃｕ２＋量的影响．获得结果：吸附量可达６５．０ｍｇ／ｇ，洗脱被吸附的Ｃｕ２＋后，脱乙酰甲壳质可再生；同时回收得纯度较高的ＣｕＳＯ４，Ｃｕ２＋的回收率可达９９．９８％；将脱乙酰甲壳质装柱处理含Ｃｕ２＋废液，流出液中Ｃｕ２＋的含量远远低于国家排放标准．     

荧光废水中COD_(Cr)闭管与开管消解测定方法研究

通过考察6个实验室中,标准溶液和标准样品的试验分析数据,得出闭管法较开管法具有更优的准确度、精密度和氧化能力,其闭管法的最佳氧化浓度(并非检测限)在150～850mg/L;结合水样的监测数据,研究了两种快速测定方法的优缺点和适用性,得出两种方法均普遍适合工业废水监测,其中闭管法在测定中、高浓度荧光废水时,结果更准确、更环保,而开管法适用于相对低浓度的废水测定;总结归纳了CODCr监测分析过程中影响准确性的因素及需要注意的问题。     

含硫污水汽提装置的扩能改造

通过对含硫污水装置现状分析及全面核算，选用新型塔盘，更换原有设备，增加新设备，使处理由35t／h提高到50t／h，加工污水总量有净化水质量满足了全厂加工总流程的要求。     

浅谈糠醛精制装置的运行安全特点

介绍了润滑油基础油加工过程中糠醛精制装置的工艺流程,阐述了包括反应危险特点、爆燃危险特点和操作危险特点在内的装置运行安全特点。针对糠醛泄漏、加热炉炉管腐蚀着火异常情况,分析了可能的发生原因,提出了应急处置措施和注意事项;对装置开工初期满塔和腐蚀泄漏停工两个典型事故案例进行了分析,介绍了当时的处置措施,给出了防范措施和建议。     

河岸材料对河流有机污染物降解能力的影响

研究了干砌石、浆砌石、蜂巢格宾和生态砖等河岸材料对河流有机污染物降解能力的影响.4种材料中,以生态砖为河岸的河流中总有机碳(TOC)沿程降解率分别是蜂巢格宾和浆砌石的6.14和3.15倍(p<0.05);生态砖、干砌石和蜂巢格宾河段中溶解性有机碳(DOC)沿程降解率分别是浆砌石的10.68、6.60和6.08倍(p<0...     

甲苯二异氰酸酯装置危险有害因素分析及安全控制措施

甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)装置生产过程中涉及到光气合成及光气化反应,存在多种危险有害因素.通过对国内新建TDI装置的风险评估和劳动安全卫生预评价,辨识出了TDI装置生产过程中可能存在的危险有害因素,并提出了相应的安全控制措施.     

中国环境影响评价国家能力评价及建设途径研究

从国家政策法规能力，管理能力，技术能力和EIA运行有效等4个方面，列出清单，对我国环境影响评价国家能力进行了直观的系统评价，结果表明我国的EIA国家能力虽然近年有所加强，但仍然相薄弱，限制了EIA的有效性，并提出了加强国家能力建设的优化先途径的建议。     

Reducing carbon,tackling fuel poverty: adoption and performance of air-source heat pumps in East Yorkshire,UK

Deploying heating technologies, such as air-source heat pumps (ASHPs), can respond to the dual challenges of tackling fuel poverty and reducing carbon emissions from domestic energy consumption. In the UK, ASHP performance has been found to be below design levels. Elements of three strands of literature – innovation diffusion, environmental psychology and neighbourhood effects – are combined to gain insights into why the adoption and performance of ASHPs are lagging policy targets and design potential. Evidence from users, installers and area-based scheme facilitators suggests that the perceived complexity of the technology is a barrier. The level of technology maturity and the typical profile of the elderly fuel poor do not match; the target group might prefer to be late adopters or laggards in adopting technology. The role of installers is critical as the disruption from installation is a barrier to adoption and ASHPs place demands on users to change existing practices.     

Thermoeconomic installation limit of PV/WT hybrid energy systems for Off-grid islands

An ideal off-grid island can become 100% energy-sufficient if one installs renewable energy systems such as solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine (WT) systems. However, the intermittent and uncertain nature of the power supply from renewable energy systems hinders a 100% autonomy level (AL) without an infinite energy storage capacity. The thermoeconomic installation limit (TEIL) of a PV/WT hybrid energy system was studied using hourly weather data and the energy demand profile for off-grid islands. An appropriate battery size for the TEIL was also determined. Given the current installation cost of the hybrid energy system and the battery unit, the AL for a PV/WT hybrid energy system at the TEIL is calculated to be approximately 70%. Above the limit, the size of the energy storage unit and, correspondingly, the total annual cost of the PV/WT hybrid energy system increase sharply.