啤酒废水的水解——好氧处理技术（H／O工艺）

比较了啤酒废水的几种处理工艺，介绍了水解——好氧（H/O）工艺的特性及其主要设计参数。     

Degradation of endocrine disruptor bisphenol A in drinking water by ozone oxidation

The ozone oxidation of endocrine disruptor bisphenol A in drinking water was investigated. A stainless completely mixed reactor was employed to carry out the degradation experiments by means of a batch model. With an initial concentration of 11.0 mg/L, the removal efficiencies of BPA (bisphenol A) could be measured up to 70%, 82%, and 90% when the dosages of ozone were 1, 1.5, and 2 mg/L, respectively. The impacts on BPA degradation under the conditions of different ozone dosages, water background values, BPA initial concentrations, and ozone adding time were analyzed. The results showed that ozone dosage plays a dominant role during the process of BPA degradation, while the impact of the contact time could be ignored. UV wavelength scanning was used to confirm that the by-products were produced, which could be absorbed at UV254. The value of UV254 was observed to have changed during the ozonation process. Based on the change of UV254, it could be concluded that BPA is not completely degraded at low ozone dosage, while shorter adding time of total ozone dosage, high ozone dosage, and improvement of dissolved ozone concentration greatly contribute to the extent of BPA degradation. The effects of applied H₂O₂ dose in ozone oxidation of BPA were also examined in this study. The O₃-H₂O₂ processes proved to have similar effects on the degradation of BPA by ozone oxidation. Translated from Environmental Science, 2006, 27(2): 294–299 [译自: 环境科学]     

日本森林管理的最新发展——以日本神奈川县林业政策过程为例

为了追求更好的森林管理效果，对相关森林政策的实施，不是仅仅停留在传统的狭义的行政管理部门上，同时还要涉厦到经营者、市民以及当地居民等利益相关者。使他们都要以相互协调的方式参与到森林管理当中来。它是建立在一定的森林价值观基础上，基于科学原理井突破以往的技术层面而对森林进行的一系列更加合理的管理措施体系。本文以日本神奈川县的林业政策形成过程为例对森林治理问题进行了讨论。     

Separating method and dynamic processes of Nano-Al13

In order to investigate the characteristics of pure Nano-Al₁₃, Nano-Al₁₃ was separated and purified from a series of poly-aluminum chloride (PAC) solutions which had the same Al₁₃ percentage but different total Al concentrations, by using column chromatography, ethanol-acetone resolving and SO²⁻ ₄/Ba²⁺ displacement. The Al₁₃ species yield was characterized by Al-ferron timed complexation spectrophotometry and ²⁷Al-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance). The coagulation efficiency of Nano-Al₁₃, PAC and AlCl₃ in synthetic water was also investigated by Jar tests. The dynamic process and aggregation state of kaolin suspensions coagulating with Nano-Al₁₃, PAC and AlCl₃ were similarly investigated using a photometric dispersion analyzer 2000 (PDA2000). The experimental results indicated that the ethanol-acetone resolving method was simple and could separate the PAC solution at different concentrations, while column chromatography could separate PAC solutions at low concentrations. The SO₄ ²⁻/Ba²⁺ displacement method could separate PAC solutions at high concentrations. However, extra inorganic cation and anion could be added in the solution during separation. The coagulation efficiency and dynamic experimental results showed that Nano-Al₁₃ with high positive-charged species was effective in removing turbidity and color. The dynamic process results showed that Nano-Al₁₃ also had the best recovery capability after shearing compared with PAC and AlCl₃ because the Nano-Al₁₃ conformation is more effective in charge neutralization. Translated from Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2005, 25(6): 767–772 [译自: 环境科学学报]     

Development and application of innovative technologies for drinking water quality assurance in China

The continuously deteriorating quality of source water is threatening the safety of drinking water in China. Various efforts have been made to update water treatment processes to decrease the pollution problems of drinking water, such as protection of drinking water sources, enhancement of conventional treatment processes, and development of new or advanced treatment technologies. This paper reviews a variety of protection and remediation methods for drinking water sources, development and application of drinking water treatment technologies, new technologies for special pollutants removal from groundwater, and the latest research progress on water distribution systems in China.     

转向锤臂锻件工艺与模具设计的改进

通过对转向锤臂锻件结构与工艺的改进 ,改变了该锻件的锻模结构 ,提高了该锻件的模锻工艺性和经济效益。     

水厂常规净化工艺生物处理化可行性的探讨

水厂常规净化处理工艺,存在不能有效地去除有机污染物,以及易生成致突变物的严重缺陷。因此,一般要增加臭氧一生物活性炭设施以处理被污染的原水。本文在分析试验数据的基础上,提出原水经生物塔滤预处理后,再经生物处理设施改造过的常规处理设备处理,最后通过生物活性炭滤池过滤并加氯消毒。即可实现水厂常规净水工艺的生物处理化,将是一种合理而可行的处理系统。     

纳米Al13的分离方法及混凝效果动态过程的研究

以相同Al13含量、不同浓度的PAC为原料,利用乙醇-丙酮混合溶剂法、SO4^2-／Ba^2 沉淀置换法以及柱层析法分离提纯纳米Al13形态,同时利用Al-Ferron逐时络合比色法、^27Al-NMR等多种现代分析手段进行分析鉴定,比较其分离效果,并采用烧杯实验法和透光率脉动检测技术对Al13形态以及PAC、AlCl3的絮凝效果及絮凝过程中絮集物形成和增长的变化差异作了对比性研究．实验结果表明,乙醇．丙酮混合溶剂法对Al13分离纯化效果最好,分离所得Al13平均粒径大,聚合程度高．柱层析法受柱体积的影响只对低浓度的PAC有较好的分离效果;SO4^2-／Ba^2 沉淀置换法虽具有较好的分离效果,但分离过程有其他杂质离子的加入,影响到产品品质．混凝效果和动态实验结果表明,Al13形态是在絮凝过程中起电中和作用的主要形态,具有较强的除浊及脱色能力,在混凝过程中当絮体受到剪切力的破坏时Al13形态比PAC和AlCl3具有更强重新絮凝的能力．     

海洋碳的源与汇

通过对海洋碳源汇最近研究成果的分析,剖析了海洋碳源汇的内涵,提出了“表观碳源汇”与“实际碳源汇”的概念,对海洋碳源汇不确定性的原因进行分析,提出碳参数测定不淮确与其关键生物地球化学过程不清楚是其根本原因,继而提出了海洋碳源汇研究应特别注重陆架边缘海碳循环过程研究,提高碳参数测定的淮确性和应深入研究控制碳循环关键的海洋生物地球化学过程是其研究关键。     

A methodology for the life cycle and sustainability analysis of manufacturing processes

Life cycle assessment is emerging as a powerful tool in the evaluation of the environmental impact of manufacturing processes. This paper describes a general methodology for the life cycle analysis of manufacturing processes taking into account the flexibility and decision-making potential of knowledge base systems. Emphasis is placed on on-site waste minimisation and associated sustainability characteristics in relation to environmental impact assessment and process improvement. The ensuing software model is applied with some success to an initial study of pulp and paper manufacture.