酸雨胁迫下铈、镧对萝卜保护酶系统影响的比较

溶液培养条件下,研究了酸雨胁迫条件下萝卜(Raphanus sativusL.,一点红)保护酶系统的响应及稀土元素镧、铈的防护作用,并就镧、铈的防护作用进行了比较。结果显示:酸雨导致萝卜保护酶系统的SOD、CAT、POD酶活性总体水平发生变化,SOD、POD活性增强,CAT活性减弱。w(La)=30mg·kg-1、w(Ce)=40mg·kg-1的施用降低了SOD、POD活性水平,增强了CAT活性,减弱了由于酸雨胁迫对萝卜幼苗保护酶系统所造成的影响,且镧的总体防护效应优于铈。这表明,适宜种类、适当剂量的稀土可以诱导植物抗逆性,促进其生长,降低酸雨胁迫损伤。     

铈对酸雨和镉双重胁迫下小麦生理指标的影响

以小麦永良4号(Triticum aestivum)为材料,通过营养液水培实验,研究了在酸雨和镉的双重胁迫下,铈对小麦幼苗叶片内丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、硝酸还原酶(NR)活性的影响.实验结果显示:pH2.0+10 mg·L~(-1) Cd~(2+)、pH2.0+50 mg·L~(-1) Cd~(2+)、pH2.0+200 mg·L~(-1) Cd~(2+)三种处理都可明显增加MDA含量,提高SOD活性,降低NR活性,双重胁迫的抑制作用明显,且随着Cd~(2+)的质量浓度增加,抑制程度加重;叶面喷施40 mg·L~(-1)的铈预处理后,MIDA含量下降,SOD活性降低,NR活性上升,显示叶面喷施适当质量浓度铈可以有效降低小麦体内氧自由基含量,减轻膜系统的损伤,提高小麦对氮肥的利用能力,缓解镉和酸雨双重胁迫对小麦幼苗生长与代谢的损伤.数据还显示:适当铈对三个测定指标的修复作用不同,表现为SOD>MDA>NR.     

Improved dark ambient degradation of organic pollutants by cerium strontium cobalt perovskite

This work investigates the effect of cerium substation into strontium cobalt perovskites(CeSrCoO) for the oxidative degradation of Orange Ⅱ(OII) in dark ambient conditions without the aid of any external stimulants such as light,heating or chemical additives.The OII degradation rate by CeSrCoO reached 65% in the first hour,whilst for the blank sample without cerium(SrCoO) took over 2 hr to reach the same level of OII degradation.Hence,the cerium substitution improved the catalytic activity of the perovskite material,mainly associated with the Ce_(0.1)Sr_(0.9)CoO_3 perovskite phase.Upon contacting CeSrCoO,the-N=Nazo bonds of the OII molecules broke down resulting in electron donation and the formation of by-products.The electrons are injected into the CeSrCoO and resulted in a redox pair of Co~(3+)/Co~(2+),establishing a bridge for the electron transfer between OII and the catalysts.Concomitantly,the electrons also formed reactive species(·OH) responsible for OII degradation as evidenced by radical trapping experiment.Reactive species were formed via the reaction between 02 and donated electrons from OII with the aid of cobalt redox pair.As the prepared materials dispensed with the need for light irradiation and additional oxidants,it opens a window of environmental applications for treating contaminated wastewaters.     

VxMn(4 − x)Mo3Ce3/Ti catalysts for selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH3

A series of vanadium based catalysts(VxMn(4-x)Mo3Ce3/Ti) with different vanadium(x wt.%) and manganese((4-x) wt.%) contents have been prepared by the wet impregnation method and investigated for selective catalytic reduction(SCR) of NO_x by NH_3 in the presence of 8 vol.% H_2O and 500 ppm V SO_2.The physicochemical characteristics of the catalysts were thoroughly characterized.The SCR of NO_x by NH_3(NH_3-SCR) activity, especially the low-temperature activity, significantly increased with increasing V_2O_5 content in the catalyst until the V_2O_5 content reached 1.5 wt.%, which corresponds well with the redox properties of the catalyst.All of the metal oxides were well dispersed and strongly interacted with each other on the catalyst surface.V mainly exists in the V~(5+)state in the catalysts.The strong synergistic effect between the vanadium and cerium species led to formation of more Ce~(3+)species, and that between the vanadium and manganese species contributed to formation of more manganese species with low valences.All of the catalysts exhibited strong acidity, while the redox properties determined the NH_3-SCR activity, especially the low-temperature activity.H_2O and SO_2 had severe inhibiting effects on the activity of V1.5Mn2.5Mo3Ce3/Ti.However, good H_2O and SO_2 resistance and high NO_x conversion by V1.5Mn2.5Mo3Ce3/Ti could be achieved in the presence of SO_2 and almost no decline was observed in a long-term test at 275℃ for 168 hr in the presence of SO_2 and H_2O, which can be attributed to the sulfate species formed on the catalyst surface.     

Determination of total chromium by flame atomic absorption spectrometry after coprecipitation by cerium (IV) hydroxide

A method for the preconcentration of the total chromium based on coprecipitation with cerium (IV) hydroxide is proposed for determination of chromium by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Different factors including carrier element amount, pH, sample volume and matrix ion effects for the precipitation were examined. The detection limit of the total chromium (k = 3, N = 15) was 0.18 μg l⁻¹. The presented method was applied for the determination of chromium in the wastewater samples from Kayseri and Nigde Organized Industrial Region-Turkey and in drinking water from our laboratory, Kayseri with satisfactory results (relative standard deviations below 8%, recoveries 95%). The analytical results obtained by the proposed method for certified copper sample was in good agreement with the certified value.     

Photocatalytic degradation of endocrine disruptor Bisphenol-A in the presence of prepared CexZn1-xO nanocomposites under irradiation of sunlight

Photocatalytic degradation of Bisphenol A （BPA）, a representative endocrine disruptor chemical, was carried out under irradiation of sunlight in the presence of CexZn1-xO nanophotocatalyst. Cerium （Ce） ions were successfully incorporated into the bulk lattice of ZnO by simple co-precipitation process. The CexZn1-xO composite nanostructures exhibited higher photocatalytic efficiency than pure ZnO in the degradation of BPA under sunlight irradiation and nearly complete mineralization of BPA was achieved. The degradation rate was strongly dependent on factors such as the size and structure of catalyst, doping material concentration, BPA concentration, catalyst load, irradiation time and pH levels. This work suggested that the CexZn1-xO assisted photocatalytic degradation is a versatile, economic, environmentally benign and efficient method for BPA removal in the aqueous environment.     

高温老化气氛对单钯三元催化剂活性的影响

本文制备了一种含Y、Ce和Zr的单钯三元催化剂(Pd-YCZ).在1050℃下,分别于空气和配气中对这一催化剂进行了高温老化,并对其催化活性进行了测试.实验结果表明,Pd-YCZ在空气中老化后的活性优于其在配气中老化后的活性.     

铈对马尾松离体胚DNA、RNA及蛋白质合成的影响

用含30mgL^-1CeCl3的培养瘁培养马尾松离体胚，采用^3H-T、^3H-U和^3H-Leu标记技术测定：结果表明，CeCl3明显提高马尾松离体胚在培养过程中对DNA、RNA和蛋白质前体的吸收，以及合成这些生物大分子的能力。CeCl3处理在15h开始迅速吸收DNA前体和合成DNA，比CK提前5h。CeCl3处理在10h开始迅速吸收RNA前体和合成RNA，比CK提前5h，CeCl3处理5h,蛋白质合成前体的吸收量和蛋白质合成量明显高于CK。图6参19     

Simultaneous removal of NO and dichloromethane（CH2Cl2） over Nb-loaded cerium nanotubes catalyst

Herein, a series of niobium oxide supported cerium nanotubes（Ce NTs） catalysts with different loading amount of Nb₂O₅（0–10 wt.%） were prepared and used for selective catalytic reduction of NOxwith NH₃（NH₃-SCR） in the presence of CH₂Cl₂. Commercial V₂O₅-WO₃-TiO₂ catalyst was also prepared for comparison. The physcial properties and chemical properties of the Nb₂O₅ lo...