Liquid discharges from patients undergoing I treatments

This work discusses the production and management of liquid radioactive wastes as excretas from patients undergoing therapy procedures with ¹³¹I radiopharmaceuticals in Spain. The activity in the sewage has been estimated with and without waste radioactive decay tanks. Two common therapy procedures have been considered, the thyroid cancer (4.14 GBq administered per treatment), and the hyperthyroidism (414 MBq administered per treatment). The calculations were based on measurements of external exposure around the 244 hyperthyroidism patients and 23 thyroid cancer patients. The estimated direct activity discharged to the sewage for two thyroid carcinomas and three hyperthyroidisms was 14.57 GBq and 1.27 GBq, respectively, per week; the annual doses received by the most exposed individual (sewage worker) were 164 μSv and 13 μSv, respectively. General equations to calculate the activity as a function of the number of patient treated each week were also obtained.     

Use of dimethyl sulfoxide as solubilization agent in the detection of 2,3,7,8-TCDD by radioimmunoassay

Immunoassays are potentially valuable tools for use in screening environmental samples for a broad range of contaminants, such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs). The performance of the radioimmunoassay (RIA) for PCDDs was characterized using 4 solubilization systems: Cutscum, Triton, horse serum, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The DMSO based assay appeared to perform best at low 2,3,7,8-TCDD levels. The effects of assay incubation time and hapten storage conditions on the DMSO based assay were assessed. The separation of bound from unbound radioactivity was accelerated without adversely affecting assay performance. Further assay development through the use of an alternative labelled hapten is considered.     

ECONOMIC FORECASTING FOR VIRGINIA'S WATER RESOURCE PROGRAMS1

ABSTRACT: Water resource and water quality management planning depend, to a large degree, on forecasts of industrial activity and population projections. A flexible economic data base is especially important where planning follows varying formats of geographical and industrial detail. Records of employment and payroll are collected in the administration of Unemployment Insurance (U.I.) programs and are available from State Employment Agencies. These statistics have been collected over a long period of record (thirty-five years). Many years of record are available on punched-cards or magnetic tape and may be arrayed and manipulated by computer. This basic approach has been followed in Virginia. Historical U.I. payroll and employment records for the period 1956 through 1970 were procured on magnetic tape. This data was arrayed by major hydrologic area and by regional planning district. Projections of manufacturing activity were then generated by fitting several exponential equations to annual payroll data in two-digit Standard Industrial Classifications. These exponentials were then extrapolated to provide a range of industrial projections. Other parameters of manufacturing activity were then correlated to the payroll data to generate projections of indexes such as employment, value-added, and gross manufacturing output. U.I. payroll data is now being correlated to parameters in non-manufacturing categories. Projections for industries such as trade and services will link extrapolated payroll data with benchmark correlations of payroll and sales receipts.     

天津市可吸入颗粒物及元素室内外相关性

选取天津市某社区作为采样点,于2009年8、9月(代表非采暖季)和11、12月(代表采暖季)采集了室内和室外可吸入颗粒物(PM10)样品,以研究天津市PM10及元素的室内外相关性.结果表明,采暖季PM10的室外平均浓度为198.88μg/m3.非采暖季和采暖季PM10的室内外浓度比(I/O比值)的变化范围分别为0.14~3.22和0.10~3.70,平均值分别为0.88和0.96,室内外相关系数(R2)分别为0.32和0.46.Al、Ca、Fe等元素的浓度均高于1μg/m3,V、Mn、Cu等元素浓度变化范围为0.01~1μg/m3;非采暖季和采暖季元素I/O比值的变化范围分别为0.62~1.04和0.41~0.92.以采暖季为例,使用PM10质量(元素)浓度的质量平衡模型计算的有效穿透因子(Finf)、贡献值、贡献率分别为0.26(0.39)、50.84μg/m3(78.69μg/m3)、43.97%(50.05%),两种结果存在差异的原因是2种模型对Finf的假设不同.     

铜酞菁类直接染料的无盐工艺

对C．I．直接蓝86和C．I．直接蓝199两种染料生产工艺进行了改进，86号直接蓝的生产用两次沉降取代了两次盐析。在199号直接蓝的氯磺酰化反应中，铜酞菁与氯磺酸的质量比由原来的1：8．67降至1：6．00，氨解后的浆料不经盐析直接进行真空干燥，工业废水中既不含盐，废酸浓度池低，无盐工艺的采用使污水的治理得到了简化。     

机动车排气检测与维修有关问题的探讨

分析了机动车排气检测与维修的现状及存在问题 ,并提出建设有中国特色的I/M管理制度。     

高梁种子萌发成苗过程中水分需求的量化研究

用渗透势不同的聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）６０００模拟外界环境水分条件，对高梁不同品种的种子在萌动、萌发及成苗３个阶段水分需求的量化研究表明：种子的抗旱性随吸水进程的推进而减弱，种子在萌动、萌发及出士成苗的时间（ｔ）与外界环境水势（ｗ）之间存在着１／ｔ＝ａ＋ｂｗ的关系，据此推算不同品种在不同成苗阶段的需水阈值，发现不同品种在同一成苗过程中对环境水分条件的反应不同，抗旱性也不同．     

模拟气候变化对沈阳城市树木光合固碳能力的影响

以生长在沈阳市区内的银杏为试材,使用开顶箱模拟法对倍增CO2浓度（700μmol/mo）l和正常空气CO2浓度（≈350μmol/mo）l条件下,银杏生长参数、叶面积指数、不同天气中净光合速率日变化进行了初步研究,探讨了高浓度CO2对单株银杏光合固碳能力的影响。结果表明：CO2浓度增高可以显著提高银杏枝条的生长量和银杏的叶面积指数。经高浓度CO2处理后,银杏不同天气下光合速率日变化趋势与对照一致,即晴天为双峰曲线,多云天气为单峰曲线,但净光合速率显著高于对照（P〈0.001）。由于净光合速率和叶面积指数升高,高浓度CO2也显著提高了单株银杏的固碳释氧能力（P〈0.01）,晴天比对照提高了119.5%,阴天提高了175.4%。     

Prenatal diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis I: A special difficulty arising from an unusually low enzyme activity in mother's cells

We investigated a case (1.1.) of the severe form of mucopolysaccharidosis I (Hurler syndrome). Prenatal diagnosis was requested by the parents and the next pregnancy was monitored. We report here a special difficulty arising in this diagnosis due to the low enzyme activity in the mother's cells (10–15 per cent of controls) as well as in amniotic cells and would like to stress the need for studying the index case as well as the parents' enzyme activities in order to be prepared for possible difficulties at prenatal analysis.     

鸡粪和猪粪生物发酵过程中抗生素抗性基因的动态变化

畜禽粪便是储存和传播抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)的主要载体.为明确鸡粪和猪粪堆肥过程中ARGs和MGEs相对丰度的变化及影响其消减的关键环境因子,探索减少畜禽粪便堆肥中ARGs含量并降低其污染风险的有效方法,采用实时荧光定量PCR技术和16S rRNA高通量测序技术,测定了鸡粪和猪粪好氧堆肥75 d的过程中,不同阶段10种ARGs和7种可移动遗传元件(MGEs)的丰度变化和细菌群落变化,分析了ARGs和MGEs与细菌群落的相关性和堆体理化性质(温度、含水率、 pH和DOC)变化对ARGs和MGEs丰度的影响.结果表明,猪粪(PM)中ARGs和MGEs丰度显著高于鸡粪(CM).堆肥结束后,两种堆肥中9种ARGs和5种MGEs的相对丰度均显著降低,其中CM中3种ARGs(tetM、tetT和aacA)和4种MGEs(ISEcp1、IS1216、IS613和tnp614)的去除率达到99%; PM中9种ARGs[tetB(P)、tetL、tetM、tetO、tetT、aacA、aadD、aphA3和sat4]及4种MGEs(ISEcp1、IS26、IS1216和tnp614)去除率均达到99%...